Reproductive performance of single fixed-time inseminated sows with semen doses submitted to different semen storage times.

This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of sows submitted to single fixed-time insemination (SFTAI) using boars according to capacity for liquid in vitro semen preservation, type of extender, and storage time. Boars (n = 12) were classified into two groups based on progressive motility (PM) at 120 h of semen storage: low (PM - 64.5%) - and high-preservation (PM - 83.9%) capacity for semen storage. Weaned sows (n = 397, parity - 1 to 7) were inseminated (1.5×109 sperm cells) in a factorial design: two classes of boars (low- or high-preservation), two types of extenders (short- or long-term), and two semen storage times at insemination (24 or 72 h). An adapted triptorelin acetate protocol was used for SFTAI. Total sperm motility (TM) and PM at insemination were greater in high-preservation boars at 72 h compared with low-preservation boars at 24 or 72 h (P < 0.01). Short- or long-term extender did not affect (P ≥ 0.68) TM and PM in high-preservation boars; however, long-term extender improved these parameters in low-preservation boars (P < 0.01). Pregnancy and farrowing rates were not affected by groups (P > 0.05). Total piglets born (TPB) was reduced (P = 0.05) in low-preservation boars with 72 h of storage (13.6 ± 0.5) compared to high-preservation boars with semen stored for 24 or 72 h (15.2 ± 0.5 and 15.5 ± 0.5, respectively). The low-preservation boars reduced the TPB in sows submitted to SFTAI, and this reduction was greater using semen stored for 72 h.

Reproductive performance of single fixed-time inseminated sows with semen doses submitted to different semen storage times

This study aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance of sows submitted to single fixed-time insemination (SFTAI) using boars according to capacity for liquid in vitro semen preservation, type of extender, and storage time. Boars (n = 12) were classified into two groups based on progressive motility (PM) at 120 h of semen storage: low (PM - 64.5%) - and high-preservation (PM - 83.9%) capacity for semen storage. Weaned sows (n = 397, parity - 1 to 7) were inseminated (1.5×109 sperm cells) in a factorial design: two classes of boars (low- or high-preservation), two types of extenders (short- or long-term), and two semen storage times at insemination (24 or 72 h). An adapted triptorelin acetate protocol was used for SFTAI. Total sperm motility (TM) and PM at insemination were greater in high-preservation boars at 72 h compared with low-preservation boars at 24 or 72 h (P < 0.01). Short- or long-term extender did not affect (P ≥ 0.68) TM and PM in high-preservation boars; however, long-term extender improved these parameters in low-preservation boars (P < 0.01). Pregnancy and farrowing rates were not affected by groups (P > 0.05). Total piglets born (TPB) was reduced (P = 0.05) in low-preservation boars with 72 h of storage (13.6 ± 0.5) compared to high-preservation boars with semen stored for 24 or 72 h (15.2 ± 0.5 and 15.5 ± 0.5, respectively). The low-preservation boars reduced the TPB in sows submitted to SFTAI, and this reduction was greater using semen stored for 72 h.(AU)

Effects of the classification of boars according to progressive sperm motility and the extender type on the reproductive performance of a single fixed-time insemination.

The study aimed to evaluate the fertility of boars according to the resistance of their semen to storage using dilution in either Short- or Long-term extender for single fixed-time insemination. From a total of 32 boars, twelve boars were classified during three semen collection (one collection/boar/week) as Low- (64.5%) or High-preservation (83.9%) capacity for maintaining progressive motility (PM) at 120 h of storage using Short-term extender. After the selection period, six ejaculates (weekly collected) from the Low- and High-preservation boars were diluted in Short- or Long-term extender (2 × 2 factorial design) for insemination and evaluation of fertility. A total of 519 weaned sows were submitted to induction of ovulation with triptorelin (OvuGel®) at 96 h post-weaning. Twenty-four hours later, estrus sows were single fixed-time inseminated (FTAI) with semen doses from the different groups of evaluation. The SAS® software was used for statistical analysis considering the class of boar, type of extender, and interaction as fixed effects. The GLIMMIX procedure was used, considering a binomial distribution for total motility (TM) and PM, binary distribution for pregnancy (PR), and farrowing rate (FR), and the total born (TB) was analyzed assuming a normal distribution with the comparison of means by Tukey-Kramer test. An interaction of class of boars and type of extender was observed for TM and PM at insemination (P < 0.001). Long-term extender increased TM in Low-preservation boars, with no effect in High-preservation boars. The ejaculates from High-preservation boars diluted in Short- or Long-term extender showed higher PM at insemination (86.8 and 87.8%, respectively) compared to those from Low-preservation boars in Short- or Long-term extender (73.2% and 77.9%, respectively). There was no effect of the interaction of boar preservation class and type of extender (P ≥ 0.163) on PR, FR or TB. However, Low-preservation boars presented lower TB (14.1 ± 0.2) compared to High-preservation boars (15.0 ± 0.2; P < 0.01). The PR (93.3 vs. 90.1) and FR (88.8 vs. 88.2) were not affected by class of Low- or High-preservation boars, respectively (P ≥ 0.187). The type of extender did not affect PR, FR, or TB (P ≥ 0.440). In conclusion, Low-preservation boars impaired the reproductive performance of single-FTAI sows by reducing TB with no apparent effect on PR or FR.

Impact of feed intake in early gestation on maternal growth and litter size according to body reserves at weaning of young parity sows.

The effect of increasing the feed level (1.8, 2.5, and 3.2 kg/d) during early gestation in parity 1 (PO1) and parity 2 (PO2) sows on maternal growth and litter size was evaluated. A total of 361 sows were group-housed and fed a diet based on a corn-soybean meal (3.15 Mcal Metabolizable Energy (ME) per kg and 0.68% standardized ileal digestible lysine) from day 6 of gestation until day 30. Sows were weighed at weaning and on day 30 of gestation. Farrowing rate, number of total piglets born, piglets born alive, stillborn piglets, and mummified fetuses were recorded at farrowing. The effect of feed level on the total number of piglets born was also evaluated according to classes of body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), backfat (BF), and caliper unit at weaning for each parity order. There was no evidence for significant effect of the interaction between feed level × parity on the variables related to maternal growth and reproductive performance (P ≥ 0.128). Greater feed levels linearly increased the gains in body condition (i.e., BW, BCS, BF, and caliper unit) between weaning and day 30 of gestation (P < 0.001). Farrowing rate was not influenced by the feed level (P ≥ 0.200) and parity (P ≥ 0.209). The number of total piglets born decreased linearly as the feed level increased (P = 0.041), whereas no evidences for differences were observed on piglets born alive among treatments (P ≥ 0.317), neither between parities (P ≥ 0.904). For PO1 sows, the total piglets born on BW classes (≤183 vs. >183 kg) and on classes of BF (≤11.5 vs. > 11.5 mm) were quadratically affected by the feed levels (P ≤ 0.041). In contrast, the number of total piglets born was marginally affected (linear; P ≤ 0.094) by the feed level in the different classes of BW, BCS, and caliper unit in PO2 sows. There was no evidence for differences for the interaction of feed level and classes of body condition (P ≥ 0.199) for PO2 sows. Similarly, no interactions between feed level and classes of BW, BCS, and BF at weaning were observed (P ≥ 0.233) for PO1 sows; however, the total piglets born were affected by an interaction between feed level and caliper unit class (P = 0.042). In conclusion, increased feed intake from day 6 of gestation until day 30 resulted in increased maternal BW gain but reduced the number of total piglets born. Furthermore, lighter and in a poor BCS PO1 sows at weaning produced fewer total born piglets with no benefits from greater amounts of feed.

Consequências do uso de mães de leite no desempenho reprodutivo em fêmeas suínas / Consequences of the use of nurse sows in the reproductive performance in sows

A cadeia produtiva de suínos tem se tornado cada vez mais eficiente devido aos avanços no melhoramento genético, na nutrição, no emprego das biotecnologias da reprodução, dentre outros fatores. Esse melhoramento tornou as fêmeas suínas hiperprolíficas, capazes de produzir elevado número de leitões nascidos vivos, contudo, as mesmas nem sempre estão aptas a aleitar todos os leitões nascidos, principalmente pela incompatibilidade relacionada ao número de tetos. Deste modo, torna-se necessária a utilização de mães de leites, matrizes desmamadas que serão responsáveis por aleitar leitões oriundos de outras fêmeas. A utilização de mães de leite não é muito empregada no Brasil, contudo alguns trabalhos têm mostrado maior número de leitões nascidos totais e vivos no parto subsequente, sendo necessário mais estudos, a fim de se consolidar essas informações.

Pig production has become increasingly efficient due to advances in genetic breeding, nutrition, the use of reproductive biotechnologies, among other factors. This improvement made the hyperprolific swine females to be able to produce a high number of live-born piglets, however, it is not always able to suckle all the piglets born, mainly due to the incompatibility related to the number of teats. Thus, it is necessary to use nurse sow, weaned sows that will be responsible for suckling piglets from other females. The use of nurse sows is not widely used in Brazil, but some studies have shown a higher number of piglets born total and alive in the subsequent farrow, and further study is needed in order to consolidate this information.

Consequências do uso de mães de leite no desempenho reprodutivo em fêmeas suínas / Consequences of the use of nurse sows in the reproductive performance in sows

A cadeia produtiva de suínos tem se tornado cada vez mais eficiente devido aos avanços no melhoramento genético, na nutrição, no emprego das biotecnologias da reprodução, dentre outros fatores. Esse melhoramento tornou as fêmeas suínas hiperprolíficas, capazes de produzir elevado número de leitões nascidos vivos, contudo, as mesmas nem sempre estão aptas a aleitar todos os leitões nascidos, principalmente pela incompatibilidade relacionada ao número de tetos. Deste modo, torna-se necessária a utilização de mães de leites, matrizes desmamadas que serão responsáveis por aleitar leitões oriundos de outras fêmeas. A utilização de mães de leite não é muito empregada no Brasil, contudo alguns trabalhos têm mostrado maior número de leitões nascidos totais e vivos no parto subsequente, sendo necessário mais estudos, a fim de se consolidar essas informações.(AU)

Pig production has become increasingly efficient due to advances in genetic breeding, nutrition, the use of reproductive biotechnologies, among other factors. This improvement made the hyperprolific swine females to be able to produce a high number of live-born piglets, however, it is not always able to suckle all the piglets born, mainly due to the incompatibility related to the number of teats. Thus, it is necessary to use nurse sow, weaned sows that will be responsible for suckling piglets from other females. The use of nurse sows is not widely used in Brazil, but some studies have shown a higher number of piglets born total and alive in the subsequent farrow, and further study is needed in order to consolidate this information.(AU)

Delaying farrowing using intravaginal devices impregnated with progestagen does not affect the proportion of piglets born alive / O atraso do parto utilizando dispositivos intravaginais impregnados com progestágeno não afeta a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of progestagen intravaginal devices (IVDs) in preventing parturition in sows by determining the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio. Evaluations of IVDs containing 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g progesterone (P4) showed they were not effective in delaying parturition at any dosage tested. In a second experiment, seventy-five sows at day 112 of pregnancy were equally distributed (n=15 per group) in the following treatments: prostaglandin (PGF2α; 250µg sodium cloprostenol; control group) or PGF2α and simultaneous insertion of an IVD containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 48h. Control sows initiated labor 27.7±1.6h after PGF2α injection. The mean time (±SEM) between PGF2α administration and parturition was 72.1±8.8h, 72.7±3.8h, 82.7±7.1h and 81.8±3.5h for MPA 100, 200, 400 and 800mg, respectively, differing from control group (P<0.05). To evaluate the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio at birth, sows between days 109 and 112 of gestation received IVDs containing 800mg MPA (on Thursdays) for 72h to prevent parturition in weekends and then were treated with PGF2α at the time of device withdrawal (on Sundays). The alive/total born piglets ratio was 89.0±1.6, 90.1±1.2 and 89.0±1.5% for control (Normal group; n=57 sows), PGF2α-induced (Induced group; n=57 sows), and IVD+PGF2α-induced (MPA800 group, n=56 sows) groups, respectively (P>0.05). These findings confirm that IVDs impregnated with MPA can effectively prevent parturition in sows without affecting the alive/total born piglets ratio and therefore represent an alternative to avoid weekend farrowing in swine herds.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de dispositivos intravaginais (DIVs) contendo progestágeno na prevenção do parto e determinar o efeito do atraso do parto sobre a proporção de leitões vivos/nascidos totais. DIVs contendo 0,5, 1,0 ou 1,5g de progesterona (P4) não foram eficientes na prevenção do parto em nenhuma das doses. No experimento 2, setenta e cinco porcas aos 112 dias de gestação foram equilibradamente distribuídas (n=15 por grupo) nos seguintes tratamentos: prostaglandina (PGF2α; 250µg cloprostenol sódico; grupo controle) ou PGF2α e simultânea inserção de DIV contendo acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP) por 48h. Fêmeas do grupo controle iniciaram o parto 27,7±1,6h após injeção de PGF2α. O tempo médio entre a administração de PGF2α e início do parto foi 72,1±8,8h, 72,7±3,8h, 82,7±7,1h e 81,8±3,5h para os grupos MAP 100, 200, 400 e 800mg, respectivamente, diferindo do grupo controle (P<0,05). Para avaliar o efeito da inibição do parto sobre a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos, porcas entre 109 e 112 dias de gestação receberam DIVs contendo 800mg MAP (quintas-feiras) por 72h para prevenir o parto aos finais de semana e foram tratadas com PGF2α no momento da retirada dos DIV (aos domingos). A razão leitões vivos/nascidos totais foi 89,0±1,6, 90,1±1,2 e 89,0±1,5% nos grupos controle (Normal; n=57 porcas), induzido com PGF2α (Induzido; n=57 porcas) e PGF2α+DIV (MPA800; n=56 porcas), respectivamente (P>0,05). Esses resultados confirmam que DIVs contendo MAP podem efetivamente inibir o início do parto em porcas sem afetar a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos e, portanto, representam uma alternativa para evitar partos aos finais de semana.

Delaying farrowing using intravaginal devices impregnated with progestagen does not affect the proportion of piglets born alive

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of progestagen intravaginal devices (IVDs) in preventing parturition in sows by determining the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio. Evaluations of IVDs containing 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g progesterone (P4) showed they were not effective in delaying parturition at any dosage tested. In a second experiment, seventy-five sows at day 112 of pregnancy were equally distributed (n=15 per group) in the following treatments: prostaglandin (PGF2; 250µg sodium cloprostenol; control group) or PGF2 and simultaneous insertion of an IVD containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 48h. Control sows initiated labor 27.7±1.6h after PGF2 injection. The mean time (±SEM) between PGF2 administration and parturition was 72.1±8.8h, 72.7±3.8h, 82.7±7.1h and 81.8±3.5h for MPA 100, 200, 400 and 800mg, respectively, differing from control group (P 0.05). To evaluate the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio at birth, sows between days 109 and 112 of gestation received IVDs containing 800mg MPA (on Thursdays) for 72h to prevent parturition in weekends and then were treated with PGF2 at the time of device withdrawal (on Sundays). The alive/total born piglets ratio was 89.0±1.6, 90.1±1.2 and 89.0±1.5% for control (Normal group; n=57 sows), PGF2-induced (Induced group; n=57 sows), and IVD+PGF2-induced (MPA800 group, n=56 sows) groups, respectively (P>0.05). These findings confirm that IVDs impregnated with MPA can effectively prevent parturition in sows without affecting the alive/total born piglets ratio and therefore represent an alternative to avoid weekend farrowing in swine herds.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de dispositivos intravaginais (DIVs) contendo progestágeno na prevenção do parto e determinar o efeito do atraso do parto sobre a proporção de leitões vivos/nascidos totais. DIVs contendo 0,5, 1,0 ou 1,5g de progesterona (P4) não foram eficientes na prevenção do parto em nenhuma das doses. No experimento 2, setenta e cinco porcas aos 112 dias de gestação foram equilibradamente distribuídas (n=15 por grupo) nos seguintes tratamentos: prostaglandina (PGF2; 250µg cloprostenol sódico; grupo controle) ou PGF2 e simultânea inserção de DIV contendo acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP) por 48h. Fêmeas do grupo controle iniciaram o parto 27,7±1,6h após injeção de PGF2. O tempo médio entre a administração de PGF2 e início do parto foi 72,1±8,8h, 72,7±3,8h, 82,7±7,1h e 81,8±3,5h para os grupos MAP 100, 200, 400 e 800mg, respectivamente, diferindo do grupo controle (P 0,05). Para avaliar o efeito da inibição do parto sobre a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos, porcas entre 109 e 112 dias de gestação receberam DIVs contendo 800mg MAP (quintas-feiras) por 72h para prevenir o parto aos finais de semana e foram tratadas com PGF2 no momento da retirada dos DIV (aos domingos). A razão leitões vivos/nascidos totais foi 89,0±1,6, 90,1±1,2 e 89,0±1,5% nos grupos controle (Normal; n=57 porcas), induzido com PGF2 (Induzido; n=57 porcas) e PGF2+DIV (MPA800; n=56 porcas), respectivamente (P>0,05). Esses resultados confirmam que DIVs contendo MAP podem efetivamente inibir o início do parto em porcas sem afetar a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos e, portanto, representam uma alternativa para evitar partos aos finais de semana.

Delaying farrowing using intravaginal devices impregnated with progestagen does not affect the proportion of piglets born alive

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of progestagen intravaginal devices (IVDs) in preventing parturition in sows by determining the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio. Evaluations of IVDs containing 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g progesterone (P4) showed they were not effective in delaying parturition at any dosage tested. In a second experiment, seventy-five sows at day 112 of pregnancy were equally distributed (n=15 per group) in the following treatments: prostaglandin (PGF2; 250µg sodium cloprostenol; control group) or PGF2 and simultaneous insertion of an IVD containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 48h. Control sows initiated labor 27.7±1.6h after PGF2 injection. The mean time (±SEM) between PGF2 administration and parturition was 72.1±8.8h, 72.7±3.8h, 82.7±7.1h and 81.8±3.5h for MPA 100, 200, 400 and 800mg, respectively, differing from control group (P 0.05). To evaluate the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio at birth, sows between days 109 and 112 of gestation received IVDs containing 800mg MPA (on Thursdays) for 72h to prevent parturition in weekends and then were treated with PGF2 at the time of device withdrawal (on Sundays). The alive/total born piglets ratio was 89.0±1.6, 90.1±1.2 and 89.0±1.5% for control (Normal group; n=57 sows), PGF2-induced (Induced group; n=57 sows), and IVD+PGF2-induced (MPA800 group, n=56 sows) groups, respectively (P>0.05). These findings confirm that IVDs impregnated with MPA can effectively prevent parturition in sows without affecting the alive/total born piglets ratio and therefore represent an alternative to avoid weekend farrowing in swine herds.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de dispositivos intravaginais (DIVs) contendo progestágeno na prevenção do parto e determinar o efeito do atraso do parto sobre a proporção de leitões vivos/nascidos totais. DIVs contendo 0,5, 1,0 ou 1,5g de progesterona (P4) não foram eficientes na prevenção do parto em nenhuma das doses. No experimento 2, setenta e cinco porcas aos 112 dias de gestação foram equilibradamente distribuídas (n=15 por grupo) nos seguintes tratamentos: prostaglandina (PGF2; 250µg cloprostenol sódico; grupo controle) ou PGF2 e simultânea inserção de DIV contendo acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP) por 48h. Fêmeas do grupo controle iniciaram o parto 27,7±1,6h após injeção de PGF2. O tempo médio entre a administração de PGF2 e início do parto foi 72,1±8,8h, 72,7±3,8h, 82,7±7,1h e 81,8±3,5h para os grupos MAP 100, 200, 400 e 800mg, respectivamente, diferindo do grupo controle (P 0,05). Para avaliar o efeito da inibição do parto sobre a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos, porcas entre 109 e 112 dias de gestação receberam DIVs contendo 800mg MAP (quintas-feiras) por 72h para prevenir o parto aos finais de semana e foram tratadas com PGF2 no momento da retirada dos DIV (aos domingos). A razão leitões vivos/nascidos totais foi 89,0±1,6, 90,1±1,2 e 89,0±1,5% nos grupos controle (Normal; n=57 porcas), induzido com PGF2 (Induzido; n=57 porcas) e PGF2+DIV (MPA800; n=56 porcas), respectivamente (P>0,05). Esses resultados confirmam que DIVs contendo MAP podem efetivamente inibir o início do parto em porcas sem afetar a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos e, portanto, representam uma alternativa para evitar partos aos finais de semana.

Delaying farrowing using intravaginal devices impregnated with progestagen does not affect the proportion of piglets born alive

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of progestagen intravaginal devices (IVDs) in preventing parturition in sows by determining the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio. Evaluations of IVDs containing 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g progesterone (P4) showed they were not effective in delaying parturition at any dosage tested. In a second experiment, seventy-five sows at day 112 of pregnancy were equally distributed (n=15 per group) in the following treatments: prostaglandin (PGF2; 250µg sodium cloprostenol; control group) or PGF2 and simultaneous insertion of an IVD containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for 48h. Control sows initiated labor 27.7±1.6h after PGF2 injection. The mean time (±SEM) between PGF2 administration and parturition was 72.1±8.8h, 72.7±3.8h, 82.7±7.1h and 81.8±3.5h for MPA 100, 200, 400 and 800mg, respectively, differing from control group (P 0.05). To evaluate the effect of delaying parturition on the alive/total born piglets ratio at birth, sows between days 109 and 112 of gestation received IVDs containing 800mg MPA (on Thursdays) for 72h to prevent parturition in weekends and then were treated with PGF2 at the time of device withdrawal (on Sundays). The alive/total born piglets ratio was 89.0±1.6, 90.1±1.2 and 89.0±1.5% for control (Normal group; n=57 sows), PGF2-induced (Induced group; n=57 sows), and IVD+PGF2-induced (MPA800 group, n=56 sows) groups, respectively (P>0.05). These findings confirm that IVDs impregnated with MPA can effectively prevent parturition in sows without affecting the alive/total born piglets ratio and therefore represent an alternative to avoid weekend farrowing in swine herds.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de dispositivos intravaginais (DIVs) contendo progestágeno na prevenção do parto e determinar o efeito do atraso do parto sobre a proporção de leitões vivos/nascidos totais. DIVs contendo 0,5, 1,0 ou 1,5g de progesterona (P4) não foram eficientes na prevenção do parto em nenhuma das doses. No experimento 2, setenta e cinco porcas aos 112 dias de gestação foram equilibradamente distribuídas (n=15 por grupo) nos seguintes tratamentos: prostaglandina (PGF2; 250µg cloprostenol sódico; grupo controle) ou PGF2 e simultânea inserção de DIV contendo acetato de medroxiprogesterona (MAP) por 48h. Fêmeas do grupo controle iniciaram o parto 27,7±1,6h após injeção de PGF2. O tempo médio entre a administração de PGF2 e início do parto foi 72,1±8,8h, 72,7±3,8h, 82,7±7,1h e 81,8±3,5h para os grupos MAP 100, 200, 400 e 800mg, respectivamente, diferindo do grupo controle (P 0,05). Para avaliar o efeito da inibição do parto sobre a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos, porcas entre 109 e 112 dias de gestação receberam DIVs contendo 800mg MAP (quintas-feiras) por 72h para prevenir o parto aos finais de semana e foram tratadas com PGF2 no momento da retirada dos DIV (aos domingos). A razão leitões vivos/nascidos totais foi 89,0±1,6, 90,1±1,2 e 89,0±1,5% nos grupos controle (Normal; n=57 porcas), induzido com PGF2 (Induzido; n=57 porcas) e PGF2+DIV (MPA800; n=56 porcas), respectivamente (P>0,05). Esses resultados confirmam que DIVs contendo MAP podem efetivamente inibir o início do parto em porcas sem afetar a proporção de leitões nascidos vivos e, portanto, representam uma alternativa para evitar partos aos finais de semana.