RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Understanding demographic profiles is essential to the assessment of health burden imposed by motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) on pregnant women. However, Asian studies that have examined it are lacking. The study aimed to describe the demographic characteristics and prevalence of MVCs involving pregnant women in Taiwan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted by the Taiwan Birth Notification dataset from 2008 to 2017 was linked with the police-reported traffic collision registry to identify pregnant women involved in MVCs. The pregnant women were categorized according to their gestational age, age at delivery, the role of road user (driver, passenger, or pedestrian), and vehicle types (car, two-wheeled motor vehicle, or others). A chi-square test was performed for the significance test. RESULTS: A total of 22,134 (1.13%) pregnant women were involved in MVCs in the study period. Two-wheeled motor vehicle (47.9%) and driver (81.4%) were the mainly reported vehicle type and road user at the crash scenes, respectively. The majority of MVCs occurred in pregnant women aged 28-34 years. The number of MVCs rapidly declined after 37 weeks of gestation, especially two-wheeled motor vehicle or car crashes. However, the number of pedestrian victims climbed up during the third trimester. CONCLUSION: Pregnant women are susceptible to MVCs regardless of their gestational age, role of a road user, or type of vehicle. The findings of this study emphasize the need for increased awareness of traffic collision prevention among pregnant women aged 28-34. In addition, improving pedestrian safety is essential for the reduction of pregnant victims.
RESUMO
Seat belt use does not only save lives but prevents the severity of injuries in road traffic crashes (RTCs). Vehicle type and usage have been found to influence the use of seat belt in cities like Kumasi, the host of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) campus. This paper presents a study on an un-obstructive survey of seat belt use by vehicle occupants entering and leaving KNUST campus through the four entrances from 7 to 9 am and 3 to 5 pm on five weekdays. A total of 5489 vehicles with 9542 occupants comprising 5489 drivers, front-right and first back seat and second back seat passengers were observed. The majority of the private and SUV drivers used seat belts. Meanwhile, almost all the commercial drivers did not use seat belts. There is a statistically significant relationship between vehicle type and use and the use of seat belt in KNUST.
Assuntos
Veículos Automotores/classificação , Veículos Automotores/estatística & dados numéricos , Cintos de Segurança/estatística & dados numéricos , Universidades , Adolescente , Adulto , Lista de Checagem , Feminino , Gana , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Observação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las dinámicas sociales de la accidentalidad vial -formas de ocurrencia, tipos de consecuencias, tipos de víctimas- y su relación con variables socio-demográficas. Se analizan datos procedentes de dos fuentes: una encuesta de victimización vial (accidentalidad subjetiva) a una muestra no aleatoria de estudiantes de ciclos superiores de 20 ciudades capitales (n=2292) de Colombia y estadísticas oficiales de heridos en tránsito (accidentalidad objetiva) en Bogotá en el año 2009 (n=2300). Mediante un análisis de clasificación jerárquica y combinando características del vehículo, del daño causado y del conductor -edad, sexo- y otros actores de la vía, los resultados mostraron cuatro tipologías de accidentes: 1) conductor particular, atropello, víctima peatón de 61 años o más, 2) víctima peatón de 0 a 10 años por atropello y lesión por trauma facial, 3) víctima pasajero o mujer, por caída desde el automóvil o bus de transporte público, y lesiones en el cuello, 4) víctima conductor de moto o cicla, entre 21 y 30 años, varón, por colisión, y daños en las extremidades. Las implicaciones de los resultados se discuten con relación a políticas de prevención de la accidentalidad vial.
The aim of this paper is to describe the social dynamics of road traffic accidents - occurrence forms, consequences of accidents, victim typologies - and their relations with socio demographic variables. Data of two types were analyzed: the driving victimization survey (subjective traffic acci-dents) by a non-randomized sample of high school students (n =2292) from 20 main Colombian cities and official statistics of traffic injured (objective traffic accidents) in Bogotá during 2009 (n=2300). Through a cluster analysis and combining vehicle characteristics, caused damage and driver age- sex- and other actors of the road, the results showed four types of accidents: 1) per-sonal vehicle driver, 61 year-old or older pedestrian fatality. 2) Pedestrian victim from 0 to 10 years old, injury by facial trauma. 3) Passenger or woman victim from public transportation or vehicle falling, neck injuries. 4) 21-30 year-old driver man of moto or bicycle, crash victim, leg and hand injured.
