Prognostic value of body composition on survival outcomes in melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy.

Objective: The influence of body composition on the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with melanoma is still uncertain in clinical practice. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the potential association between body composition and clinical outcomes in patients with melanoma undergoing ICIs treatment. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed across several databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar, to gather relevant studies. The primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), assessed by hazard ratios (HR). Secondary outcomes, such as adverse events (AE), were evaluated using odds ratios (OR). Results: This meta-analysis comprised ten articles involving a total of 1,283 patients. Systemic analysis of all collected evidence revealed that body composition, including low skeletal muscle index (SMI) (OS: HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13-2.43, p = 0.010; PFS: HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06-1.55, p = 0.009), high subcutaneous adipose tissue density (SMD) (OS: HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.09-3.44, p = 0.025; PFS: HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.06-1.63, p = 0.012), and sarcopenia (OS: HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03-1.51, p = 0.022; PFS: HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03-1.51, p = 0.022), were significantly associated with OS and PFS in melanoma patients treated with ICIs. However, these markers did not show a significant association with treatment-related adverse events. Interestingly, no significant correlation was found between visceral fat index (VFI) (OS: HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.29-1.76, p = 0.462; PFS: HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.93-1.02, p = 0.274) and OS or PFS in melanoma patients under ICIs treatment. Conclusion: Body composition was found to be associated with decreased treatment response and lower long-term efficacy in patients with melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, it is important to note that body composition did not appear to contribute to increased incidence of adverse events in these patients.

Lower subcutaneous fat index predicts bone metastasis in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Bone metastases affect 50% to 70% of breast cancer (BC) patients and have a high mortality rate. Adipose tissue loss plays a pivotal role in the progression of cancer. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of adipose tissue for bone metastasis in BC patients. METHODS: 517 BC patients were studied retrospectively. Patients' characteristics before the surgery were collected. Quantitative measurements of the subcutaneous fat index (SFI) were performed at the level of the eleventh thoracic vertebra. In order to adjust for the heterogeneity between the low SFI and high SFI groups, propensity score matching (PSM) was used. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the 5-year bone metastatic incidence. The prognostic analysis was performed with the Cox regression models. RESULTS: Compared with the patients without bone metastasis, the patients with bone metastasis had reduced SFI levels. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with low SFI were more likely to develop bone metastases. The independent predictive value of SFI for bone metastases was confirmed by Cox regression analysis. The survival analysis was repeated after PSM with a 1:1 ratio, yielding similar results (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: SFI is an independent predictor of bone metastasis in BC patients.

Analysis of indicators related to visceral fat index based on the random forest model / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To explore indicators related to visceral fat index by constructing a random forest model.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, the laboratory measures and body composition analysis records of 617 hospital employees (in-service and retired) who underwent physical examination in Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital Health Management Center from March to September 2021 were selected. The subjects were divided into a training set ( n=411) and a test set ( n=206) with the ratio of 2∶1. A total of 110 predictors were included in the model. The model was constructed with the training set and was evaluated with the test set. The optimal number of nodes and decision trees were selected to evaluate the prediction performance of the optimal model. And the top 10 relatively important factors were selected for further investigation. The 617 participants were further divided in to groups according to the visceral fat index: the normal or high visceral fat index group, and the differences of the top 10 relatively important factors were further compared between the two groups. Results:The optimal number of nodes of the final random forest model was 39 and the number of decision trees was 300. The accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity of the model was 83.3%, 73.9%, 89.4% and 78.7%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and 95% confidence interval of the model was 0.881 (0.832-0.931). The top 10 relatively important factors in the model were body mass index, gender, age, serum uric acid, red blood cell count, monocyte cell count, C-peptide, carcinoembryonic antigen, glycosylated hemoglobin and glutamyl transpeptidase. There were significant differences in the up-mentioned 10 indicators between the subjects with normal and high visceral fat index (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The random forest model built in this study has good performance in predicting visceral fat index, and visceral fat is related with changes in liver function, pancreas function and immune function.

Correlation between visceral adipose index and glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国基层医药

Objectives:To investigate the relationship between visceral adipose index and glomerular filtration rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:A total of 1 036 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received treatment in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from May 2017 to May 2018 were included in this study. The visceral adipose index was detected using a bioresistance assay. These patients were divided into four groups using the quartile method: Visceral adipose index < 8.10 (q1 group, n = 246), 9.60 > visceral adipose index ≥ 8.10 (q2 group, n = 64), 11.10 > visceral adipose index ≥ 9.60 (q3 group, n = 423), visceral adipose index ≥ 11.10 (q4 group, n = 233). One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the differences among groups. Partial correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the correlation between body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat content, visceral adipose index, and urinary microalbumin and glomerular filtration rate. Results:With the increase in the visceral adipose index, the glomerular filtration rate gradually decreased. The glomerular filtration rate in the q1, q2, q3, q4 groups was (112.19 ± 31.74) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, (106.14 ± 28.26) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, (104.73 ± 23.63) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, (103.40 ± 27.51) mL·min -1·1.73 m -2, respectively. In the female group, with the increase in visceral adipose index, the glomerular filtration rate decreased gradually. After controlling for age, sex, diabetes, and hypertension, the visceral adipose index was significantly correlated with the glomerular filtration rate ( r = -0.10, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that visceral adipose index and waist-to-height ratio were closely related to glomerular filtration rate ( F = 6.00, P < 0.001). Conclusion:With the increase of visceral adipose index, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat content, and urinary microalbumin increased gradually. When the visceral adipose index is greater than 9.60, the glomerular filtration rate is significantly decreased. Therefore, it is suggested to adopt various methods to evaluate obesity in clinical work, and visceral fat index should be paid more attention, especially when the visceral fat index is greater than 9.60.

Body composition in relation to postoperative anastomotic leakage and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer.

BACKGROUND: Body composition was reported to be related to the prognosis of patients with cancer. This study aimed to investigate the influence of preoperative body composition on anastomotic leakage and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 93 patients with esophageal cancers were evaluated. Skeletal muscle area, intermuscular adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured on computed tomography images at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. Subsequently, each body composition index was also calculated by dividing the body composition by the square of the height. The cut-off values of body compositions were defined using X-tile software (version 3.6.1; Yale University, New Haven, CTA). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors of anastomotic leakage. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors of overall survival. RESULTS: VAT and visceral fat index (VFI) were higher in patients with anastomotic fistula than in those without anastomotic fistula, but none of them were independent risk factors. Patients with higher body mass index (BMI), higher VFI, and higher subcutaneous fat index (SFI) had better overall survival. By multivariate analysis, SFI >27.6 cm2/m2 was still significantly associated with overall survival. CONCLUSION: Patients with higher VAT and VFI were prone to have an anastomotic leakage. Lower BMI, VFI, and SFI were associated with a reduction in overall survival.

Predictive value of lipid accumulation product and visceral fat index for metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly populations / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the value of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral fat index (VAI) for prediction of metabolic syndrome (MS). @*Methods@#Based on the 2018 Survey on Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors in Yantai City of Shandong Province, residents at ages of 45 years and older were sampled, and subjects' age, disease history, waist circumstance (WC), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and blood lipid were collected to calculate LAP and VAI. MS was diagnosed with the a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity (JIS definition) and the recommended criteria proposed by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) of Chinese Medical Association (CDS criteria), and the values of LAP and VAI for MS screening were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.@*Results@#Totally 9 366 subjects were enrolled, including 4 340 men (46.34%) and 5 026 women (53.66%), and had a mean age of (54.49±9.73) years. According to the CDS criteria, the prevalence of MS was 24.58%, and LAP and VAI showed areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.837 (95%CI: 0.828-0.846) and 0.751 (95%CI: 0.739-0.762), sensitivities of 78.82% and 63.31% and optimal cut-off values of 44.64 and 1.86 for screening of MS. According to the JIS definition, the prevalence of MS was 35.26%, and LAP and VAI showed AUC values of 0.842 (95%CI: 0.834-0.850) and 0.790 (95%CI: 0.780-0.800), sensitivities of 75.73% and 68.42% and optimal cut-off values of 42.01 and 1.67 for screening of MS.@*Conclusions@#Both LAP and VAI are effective for screening MS among middle-aged and elderly residents, and LAP presents a higher accuracy than VAI.

Relationship between obesity indexes and body fat percentage in Naxi adults / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the relationship hetween obesity indexes and body fat rate in Naxi a d u l t s. Methods A total of 687 Naxi adults aged between 18 and 90 were selected from Yulong County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province. Body weight, height, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, biceps skinfold, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold, suprailiac skinfold, anterior superior spine skinfold, body mass index (BMI), visceral fat index and body fat percentage were measured by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis. And the indexes and body fat percentage were statistically analyzed. Results The average body fat percentage of Naxi men was normal, while the women was obese. According to the criteria of visceral fat index, the average visceral fat index of Naxi men and women was within the normal range. According to the waist circumference, the waist circumference of Naxi men was within the normal range, while the waist circumference of women belonged to abdominal obesity. Correlation analysis showed that body weight, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, biceps skinfold, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold, suprailiac skinfold, anterior superior iliac spine skinfold, BMI, visceral fat index were positively correlated with body fat percentage among Naxi adults. There was the strongest correlation between visceral fat index and body fat percentage in Naxi men, followed by BMI; Naxi women' s chest circumference and body fat percentage, followed by waist circumference. Conclusion All the obesity indexes of Naxi adults are positively correlated with body fat percentage, and there are gender, regional and ethnic differences in the degree of correlation.

Value of lipid accumulation product and visceral fat index in predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the association of lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral fat index (VAI) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the value of LAP and VAI in predicting the risk of NAFLD. Methods A total of 708 subjects who underwent physical examination in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from September 2018 to May 2019 were enrolled and divided into NAFLD group ( n =426) and non-NAFLD group ( n =282), and the two groups were compared in terms of LAP, VAI, and related biochemical parameters. The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups.The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The Spearman test was used for correlation analysis. The subjects were divided into L1-L4 groups based on LAP and V1-V4 groups based on VAI, and the distribution of NAFLD was compared between groups; a logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the risk of NAFLD at different levels of LAP and VAI, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for LAP, VAI, waist circumference (WC), and body mass index (BMI) in predicting NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups, so as to evaluate the value of each index in the prediction and diagnosis of NAFLD. Results Compared with the non-NAFLD group, the NAFLD group had significantly higher age, proportion of male subjects, proportion of subjects with a smoking history, and levels of LAP, VAI, WC, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and serum uric acid, as well as a significantly lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P 0.7 in predicting the onset of NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups; the AUCs of LAP and VAI in the female subgroup were significantly higher than those in the male subgroup (LAP: 0.886 vs 0.785, P < 0.05; VAI: 0.824 vs 0.748, P < 0.05), and the corresponding sensitivities and specificities of LAP and VAI in the female subgroup were also higher than those in the male subgroup (sensitivity: LAP: 79.8% vs 63.7%; VAI: 77.9% vs 77.0%; specificity: LAP: 85.0% vs 81.1%; VAI: 77.6% vs 62.3%). Conclusion The risk of NAFLD increases with the increase in the levels of LAP and VAI. Both LAP and VAI have a good value in predicting NAFLD in different sex and body weight subgroups, especially in predicting NAFLD in the female population.

Normalized Indices Derived from Visceral Adipose Mass Assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Their Correlation with Markers for Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes.

Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR), prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. However, VAT volume alone might not be the best marker for insulin resistance and prediabetes or diabetes, as a given VAT volume may impact differently on these metabolic traits based on body height, gender, age and ethnicity. In a cohort of 1295 subjects from the Tübingen Diabetes Family Study (TDFS) and in 9978 subjects from the UK Biobank (UKBB) undergoing magnetic resonance imaging for quantification of VAT volume, total adipose tissue (TAT) in the TDFS, total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT) in the UKBB, and total lean tissue (TLT), VAT volume and several VAT-indices were investigated for their relationships with insulin resistance and glycemic traits. VAT-related indices were calculated by correcting for body height (VAT/m:VAT/body height; VAT/m2:VAT/(body height)2, and VAT/m3:VAT/(body height)3), TAT (%VAT), TLT (VAT/TLT) and weight (VAT/WEI), with closest equivalents used within the UKBB dataset. Prognostic values of VAT and VAT-related indices for insulin sensitivity, HbA1c levels and prediabetes/diabetes were analyzed for males and females. Males had higher VAT volume and VAT-related indices than females in both cohorts (p < 0.0001) and VAT volume has shown to be a stronger determinant for insulin sensitivity than anthropometric variables. Among the parameters uncorrected VAT and derived indices, VAT/m3 most strongly correlated negatively with insulin sensitivity and positively with HbA1c levels and prediabetes/diabetes in the TDFS (R2 = 0.375/0.305 for females/males for insulin sensitivity, 0.178/0.148 for HbA1c levels vs., e.g., 0..355/0.293 and 0.144/0.133 for VAT, respectively) and positively with HbA1c (R2 = 0.046/0.042) in the UKBB for females and males. Furthermore, VAT/m3 was found to be a significantly better determinant of insulin resistance or prediabetes than uncorrected VAT volume (p < 0.001/0.019 for females/males regarding insulin sensitivity, p < 0.001/< 0.001 for females/males regarding HbA1c).Evaluation of several indices derived from VAT volume identified VAT/m3 to correlate most strongly with insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Thus, VAT/m3 appears to provide better indications of metabolic characteristics (insulin sensitivity and pre-diabetes/diabetes) than VAT volume alone.

Comparison of adiposity indices in relation to prehypertension by age and gender: A community-based survey in Henan, China.

BACKGROUND: To compare the efficiency of bioelectrical indices (visceral fat index [VFI], percentage body fat [PBF]) and anthropometric indices (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, a body shape index ) in the relation to prehypertension (120-139/80-89 mm Hg) among the Chinese population. METHODS: Using stratified multistage random sampling method, a general population-based sample of 11 175 adults in Henan province were selected from 2013 to 2015. The individuals were divided into three categories by blood pressure levels: normotension (<120 and 80 mm Hg), stage 1 prehypertension (120-129/80-84 mm Hg) and stage 2 prehypertension (130-139/85-89 mm Hg). RESULTS: VFI and PBF tended to increase with age in men and women. However, for each age-specific group, men tended to have higher VFI than women (all P < 0.01) and women tended to have greater PBF (all P < 0.0001). The odds ratios (OR) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for prehypertension associated with adiposity indices declined with age. VFI and PBF showed higher standardized adjusted ORs for prehypertension in young (~40 years) men (VFI: 2.02-3.05; PBF: 1.82-2.80) and young women (VFI: 1.90-2.58; PBF:1.70-2.29). Moreover, based on Youden's index, VFI and PBF exhibited the superiority for identifying prehypertension in men (0.20-0.32) and women (0.31-0.39), respectively. CONCLUSION: In summary, there was stronger association of VFI and PBF with prehypertension in men than in women, respectively, especially for young adults.

Sex-specific relationship between visceral fat index and dyslipidemia in Chinese rural adults: The Henan Rural Cohort Study.

The study aimed to explore the relationship between visceral fat index (VFI) and dyslipidemia and evaluate the efficiency of VFI as a marker for identifying dyslipidemia in Chinese rural adults. The cross-sectional study recruited 35,832 aged 18-79 years eligible participants from The Henan Rural Cohort Study. VFI was measured by bioelectrical impendence methods and classified into sex-specific quartiles. Fasting blood samples were collected. Logistic regression models with VFI as a categorical variable and restricted cubic spline regression models with VFI as a continuous variable were performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to evaluate the identifying performance of VFI. The age-standardized prevalence of dyslipidemia was 29.80% and 26.01% in male and female, respectively. Increasing VFI quartiles were significantly positively related to the risk of dyslipidemia and its components (Pfor trend < 0.01). The adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for per 1-SD increase in VFI were 2.11 (2.02-2.20) and 1.52 (1.47-1.56) in male and female, respectively, and dose-response relationships were observed in both genders (Pfor nonlinearity < 0.01). In addition, area under the curves (AUCs) in male (0.697) was larger than in female (0.655) (P < 0.05). VFI was significantly positively related to the risk of dyslipidemia and its components, and the risk was shown to be more prominent in male. Meanwhile, dose-response relationships were observed in both genders. Furthermore, VFI might be a relatively effective marker for identifying dyslipidemia in male, but not in female.

Association Between the Presence or Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Pericardial Fat, Paracardial Fat, Epicardial Fat, Visceral Fat, and Subcutaneous Fat as Assessed by Multi-Detector Row Computed Tomography.

The associations between the presence or severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and measurements of various kinds of fat as assessed by multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) are unclear. We enrolled 300 patients who were clinically suspected to have CAD or who had at least one cardiac risk factor and had undergone MDCT. The number of significantly stenosed coronary vessels (VD), and measurements of pericardial fat index, paracardial fat index, epicardial fat index, visceral fat index, and subcutaneous fat index were quantified using MDCT. Plasma levels of adiponectin, pentaxin-3, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein factors were also measured. Pericardial fat index, paracardial fat index, and visceral fat index in a CAD group were significantly greater than those in a non-CAD group. In addition, the levels of these fat indices tended to increase as the number of VD increased and were positively correlated with the Gensini score. The area-under-the-curve for paracardial fat index was significantly greater than those for the other parameters of fat index measured by a receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. The cut-off level of paracardial fat index that gave the greatest sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of CAD was 54.9 cm3/m2 (sensitivity 0.710, specificity 0.552). The presence of CAD was independently associated with paracardial fat index, in addition to age and diabetes mellitus, by a multiple logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, paracardial fat index may be a marker for evaluating the presence or severity of CAD.

Visceral fat index/percentage body fat ratio is independently associated with proximal aortic dilatation in a middle-aged and aged Chinese population in Liujiang of Guangxi.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Increased volume of visceral adipose tissue is associated with worsening of cardiovascular disease risk factors that contribute to aortic dilatation. We investigated the effects of visceral fat index (VFI) and VFI/percentage body fat (PBF) ratio on proximal aortic size and proximal aortic dilatation (PAD), to assess whether excess visceral fat deposition is an independent risk factor for PAD. METHODS: 738 participants aged 35 years or more were included in this cross-sectional survey. The sizes of aortic valve annulus (AVA), sinuses of Valsalva (SV), sinotubular junction (STJ), and ascending aorta (AscAo) were measured by transthoracic ultrasound. Multivariate linear regression, binary logistic regression, Bayesian linear regression, and receiver operating characteristic curves were performed to clarify the effects of VFI and VFI/PBF ratio on PAD. RESULTS: There were 78 participants (10.6%) with PAD. VFI and VFI/PBF ratio in the population with PAD was significantly increased, compared to the population without PAD (p < 0.001). However, PBF was not significantly different between the two populations. VFI/PBF ratio was positively associated with sizes of AVA, SV, STJ, and AscAo (p < 0.05), and was independently related to PAD (p < 0.05). A 1-SD increment in VFI/PBF ratio was associated with 13.35-fold increased risk of PAD (odds ratio: 13.35, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: VFI/PBF ratio is independently associated with PAD. An increased proportion of visceral fat may contribute to PAD. VFI/PBF ratio calculation may be used for the preliminary identification of individuals at high risk of PAD in the Chinese population.

[Association between body fat percentage, visceral fat index and cardiometabolic risk factor clustering among population aged 35 year old or over, in Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region].

Objective: To investigate the association between body fat percentage (BFP), visceral fat index (VFI) and Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering (CRFC), among population aged 35 or older in Tibet and Xinjiang areas. Methods: Using the stratified multi-stage random sampling method, 7 571 residents aged 35 or above were examined with international standardized examination between 2015 and 2016. Of the eligible 5 643 participants, association of BFP and VFI with CRFC was defined as having two or more of the four risk factors: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, high TG and low HDL-C, at the same time. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to further explore the relationships. Results: The overall prevalence of CRFC among aged 35 and older population in Tibet and Xinjiang areas was 9.78%. BFP and VFI were divided into four groups by quartile. After adjustment for age, gender, race, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, education attainments, and altitude of residence, ORs of CRFC seemed to have increased with BFP and VFI. Compared with people having BFP of 5.0%-27.0%, the OR(95% CI) were 1.15(0.86-1.54), 1.48(1.05-2.07) and 1.72(1.10-2.68) for the ones who presented 27.1%-31.7%, 31.8%-36.6% and 36.7%-50.0% of BFP. Compared to people of having 1-6 of VFI, with OR (95%CI) as 1.20(0.81-1.79), 1.91(1.30-2.80) and 3.91(2.64-5.77) for the ones having 7-9, 10-13 and 14-30 of VFI. Areas under the curve (AUC) of CRFC appeared as 0.55 for BFP and 0.70 for VFI, respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: Both BFP and VFI levels were closely associated with CRFC while VFI seemed to have a better predictive value than the BFP.

Association between body fat percentage, visceral fat index and cardiometabolic risk factor clustering among population aged 35 year old or over, in Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between body fat percentage (BFP),visceral fat index (VFI) and Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering (CRFC),among population aged 35 or older in Tibet and Xinjiang areas.Methods Using the stratified multi-stage random sampling method,7 571 residents aged 35 or above were examined with international standardized examination between 2015 and 2016.Of the eligible 5 643 participants,association of BFP and VFI with CRFC was defined as having two or more of the four risk factors:hypertension,diabetes mellitus,high TG and low HDL-C,at the same time.Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to further explore the relationships.Results The overall prevalence of CRFC among aged 35 and older population in Tibet and Xinjiang areas was 9.78％.BFP and VFI were divided into four groups by quartile.After adjustment for age,gender,race,cigarette smoking,alcohol consumption,education attainments,and altitude of residence,ORs of CRFC seemed to have increased with BFP and VFI.Compared with people having BFP of 5.0％-27.0％,the OR(95％CI) were 1.15(0.86-1.54),1.48(1.05-2.07) and 1.72(1.10-2.68) for the ones who presented 27.1％-31.7％,31.8％-36.6％ and 36.7％-50.0％ of BFP.Compared to people of having 1-6 of VFI,with OR (95％CI) as 1.20(0.81-1.79),1.91(1.30-2.80) and 3.91(2.64-5.77) for the ones having 7-9,10-13 and 14-30 of VFI.Areas under the curve (AUC) of CRFC appeared as 0.55 for BFP and 0.70 for VFI,respectively,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusion Both BFP and VFI levels were closely associated with CRFC while VFI seemed to have a better predictive value than the BFP.

Association between body fat percentage, visceral fat index and cardiometabolic risk factor clustering among population aged 35 year old or over, in Tibet Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between body fat percentage (BFP),visceral fat index (VFI) and Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering (CRFC),among population aged 35 or older in Tibet and Xinjiang areas.Methods Using the stratified multi-stage random sampling method,7 571 residents aged 35 or above were examined with international standardized examination between 2015 and 2016.Of the eligible 5 643 participants,association of BFP and VFI with CRFC was defined as having two or more of the four risk factors:hypertension,diabetes mellitus,high TG and low HDL-C,at the same time.Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed to further explore the relationships.Results The overall prevalence of CRFC among aged 35 and older population in Tibet and Xinjiang areas was 9.78％.BFP and VFI were divided into four groups by quartile.After adjustment for age,gender,race,cigarette smoking,alcohol consumption,education attainments,and altitude of residence,ORs of CRFC seemed to have increased with BFP and VFI.Compared with people having BFP of 5.0％-27.0％,the OR(95％CI) were 1.15(0.86-1.54),1.48(1.05-2.07) and 1.72(1.10-2.68) for the ones who presented 27.1％-31.7％,31.8％-36.6％ and 36.7％-50.0％ of BFP.Compared to people of having 1-6 of VFI,with OR (95％CI) as 1.20(0.81-1.79),1.91(1.30-2.80) and 3.91(2.64-5.77) for the ones having 7-9,10-13 and 14-30 of VFI.Areas under the curve (AUC) of CRFC appeared as 0.55 for BFP and 0.70 for VFI,respectively,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusion Both BFP and VFI levels were closely associated with CRFC while VFI seemed to have a better predictive value than the BFP.

Comparison of visceral and body fat indices and anthropometric measures in relation to untreated hypertension by age and gender among Chinese.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of bioelectrical indices (percentage body fat, PBF; visceral fat index, VFI) and various anthropometric measures (body mass index, BMI; waist circumference, WC; waist-to-height ratio, WHtR) on determining hypertension in Chinese. METHODS: We conducted the community-based cross-sectional survey during August of 2013 to August of 2015 in 66 sample sites selected by multistage random sampling method from Henan province. 14,364 residents were included in the study. RESULTS: In both genders, VFI and PBF tended to rise with age. However, for each age-specific group, men consistently had significantly greater VFI than women (all P<0.0001) and women had considerably higher PBF (all P<0.0001). The odds ratios and area under the ROC curves (AUCs) for hypertension associated with adiposity indices decreased with age. In younger (15~34year) men and women, VFI had the highest crude (2.43-7.95) and adjusted (2.40-11.63) odds ratio for hypertension. The AUCs for PBF, VFI and WHtR were significantly larger than those for BMI and WC (all P<0.01). Whereas no statistically significant difference were found in AUCs among PBF, VFI and WHtR (all P>0.10). Additionally, VFI and PBF yielded the greatest Youden index in identifying hypertension in men (0.27) and women (0.34), respectively. Optimal cutoffs for VFI/PBF were 11.70/24.45 and 7.55/33.65 in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: VFI and PBF could be better candidates for identifying hypertension in men and women, respectively. Adolescents and young adults should be highlighted in preventing hypertension by control of excess body and visceral fat.