Criminological profile of minors who have committed child-to-parent violence.

The rise of CPV cases in the last decade has become a matter of concern among researchers, who have investigated prevalence rates and factors related to this type of behavior. This study aims to analyze the criminological profile of the minors who have committed CPV compared to minors who have committed other type of crimes. The participants were 341 juveniles with a disciplinary record in the Juvenile Court of a Spanish province, whose ages ranged from 14 to 17 years old (M = 15.86, SD = 1.02). The results showed that the CPV group represented a moderate level of recidivism and the comparison group had a low risk of recidivism. The CPV group had mostly committed CPV, while the comparison group had tended to commit property crimes. The CPV group had generally served probation or confinement sentences, while the comparison group had mostly been acquitted or served probation.

A Comparative Analysis of the Risk Profiles of Australian Young Offenders From Rural and Urban Communities.

Australian young people from rural areas, particularly Aboriginal young people, are overrepresented in the juvenile justice system. Apart from broad evidence regarding the entrenched social disadvantages experienced by young people in rural communities, the literature is limited in describing why this might be case. Due to these social disadvantages, it is hypothesised that young offenders from rural communities will have higher levels of offending risk factors, as measured by the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory-Australian Adaption (YLS/CMI-AA). A total of 6,750 archival records were analysed, showing that significantly more Aboriginal young offenders live in rural areas. Contrary to the hypothesis, urban young offenders had significantly higher risk scores than rural young offenders. These findings suggest that there may be particular ecological factors that are not assessed in the current risk assessment instrument or that rural young people have a range of protective factors that may insulate against the broader context of social disadvantage.

Predicting running away in girls who are victims of commercial sexual exploitation.

Youth that are victims of commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) have a host of clinical problems and often run away from home, residential care, and treatment, which complicates and limits treatment effectiveness. No research to date has attempted to predict running away in CSEC victims. The present study aimed to 1) characterize a clinically referred sample of girls who were victims of CSEC and compare them to other high-risk girls (i.e., girls who also have a history of trauma and running away, but deny CSEC); and 2) examine the utility of using the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) to predict future running away. Data were collected from de-identified charts of 80 girls (mean age = 15.38, SD = 1.3, 37.9% White, 52.5% CSEC victims) who were referred for psychological assessment by the Department of Child Services. Girls in the CSEC group were more likely to have experienced sexual abuse (χ2 = 6.85, p = .009), an STI (χ2 = 6.45, p = .01), a post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis (χ2 = 11.84, p = .001), and a substance use disorder diagnosis (χ2 = 11.32, p = .001) than high-risk girls. Moderated regression results indicated that YLS/CMI scores significantly predicted future running away among the CSEC group (ß = 0.23, SE = .06, p = .02), but not the high-risk group (ß = -.008, SE = .11, p =.90). The YLS/CMI shows initial promise for predicting future running away in girls who are CSEC victims. Predicting running away can help identify those at risk for and prevent running away and improve treatment outcomes. We hope current findings stimulate future work in this area.

Risk Factors and Youth Recidivism Prediction in General and Property Offenders.

The predictive validity of risk factors for recidivism in general offenders is well known, but few studies have considered specific crimes - such as non-violent property offences - in this context. The prediction of risk factors on recidivism among general and property offenders is analysed in an attempt to capture any motivational differences underlying diverse types of crimes. Subsamples of theft and property damage offenders were extracted from a general population of 210 juvenile offenders aged between 14 and 18 years. All participants were assessed using the Spanish version of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) and their recidivism rates were evaluated in terms of the number of new records in a 24-month follow-up period. Factors pertaining to the Big Four (especially the antisocial peers risk factor) seem to be the most predictive factors for both general offenders and non-violent property offenders; the type of crime does not seem to make a significant difference to youth offenders' needs.

Como a eficiência do comportamento tático e a data de nascimento condicionam o desempenho de jogadores de futebol? / How tactical behavior efficiency and birthdate affect performance of soccer players?

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar como a eficiência do comportamento tático e a data de nascimento podem condicionar o desempenho tático de jogadores de futebol. A amostra foi composta por 6640 ações táticas realizadas por 108 jogadores da categoria Sub-15. Foi utilizado o FUT-SAT para coleta e análise dos dados. A data de nascimento foi obtida através da carteira de identidade ou da certidão de nascimento. Foram utilizadas análise descritiva, teste de Regressão Logística Multinomial (p < 0,05) e o teste Kappa de Cohen. Para as análises estatísticas foi utilizado o software SPSS. Foram verificadas associações positivas entre a eficiência do comportamento tático e o desempenho tático para os princípios "cobertura ofensiva", "unidade ofensiva", "cobertura defensiva", "equilíbrio" e "unidade defensiva". Foram verificadas associações positivas entre a data de nascimento e o Índice de Performance Tática Defensiva em jogadores nascidos no segundo quartil. Conclui-se que para esta amostra, a eficiência do comportamento tático e a data de nascimento influenciaram o desempenho tático.

The aim of this study was to investigate how tactical behavior efficiency and birthdate affect the tactical performance of soccer players. The sample comprised 6640 tactical actions performed by 108 players of U-15. FUT-SAT was used to collect and analyze data. Birthdate was obtained through identity card or birth certificate. It was used descriptive analysis, Multinomial Logistic Regression (p < 0.05) and Cohen's Kappa tests. For statistical analysis, SPSS software was used. It was found positive associations between tactical behavior efficiency and tactical performance for the tactical principles "offensive coverage", "offensive unity", "defensive coverage", "balance" and "defensive unity". It was also observed positive associations between birthdate and Defensive Tactical Performance Index for players who were born within the second quartile. It is concluded that for this sample, tactical behavior efficiency and birthdate influenced tactical performance.

Screening Offenders: The Exploration of a Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory: (YLS/CMI) Brief Screener.

Although structured assessments have helped standardize juvenile court processes by systematically measuring risk for recidivism, it has been argued that some assessments lack the ability to perform as a brief screener. This study explored the potential for the original 42-item Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) risk assessment to perform as a brief screener for a sample of first-time juvenile offenders in a mid-western, industrialized county. Results indicated that the original and shortened version of the YLS/CMI significantly predicted two-year recidivism for male and female offenders. Implications for situationally targeted forms of risk assessment are discussed.