RESUMO
Objective@#To investigate the clinical effect of a titanium-zirconium small-diameter implant in anterior teeth with bone deficiencies in the esthetic area and to provide a basis for clinical application of this implant. @* Methods @# A retrospective analysis was performed using clinical data from 30 patients with a missing alveolar ridge width < 5.5 mm and a titanium-zirconium 3.3 mm diameter implant prosthesis in the anterior esthetic region. A total of 38 titanium-zirconium implants with a diameter of 3.3 mm were implanted in 30 patients. Clinical examination and CBCT were performed 12 and 24 months after implantation to evaluate the success rate and marginal bone resorption of the 3.3 mm small-diameter titanium-zirconium implants. The modified plaque index, improved gingival sulcus bleeding index, exploration depth, pink esthetic score (PES) and prosthetic complications were measured and recorded.@*Results @#The 24-month success rate of the implant was 100%. The average marginal bone resorption height was 0.51 ± 0.20 mm at 12 months after implant placement and 0.59 ± 0.18 mm at 24 months. The edge bone height did not change significantly (t=1.381, P=0.178). No significant differences were found in the modified plaque index around the implant, modified sulcus bleeding index and probing depth between 12 and 24 months (P > 0.05), and the gingival health was good. The PES value was 9.77 ± 1.48 at 12 months and 10.77 ± 1.50 at 24 months (t=0.426, P=0.672). The PES was increased at 24 months versus 12 months, but this difference was not significant (P > 0.05). The overall esthetic effect was good, and no complications occurred after repair.@*Conclusion@# Titanium-zirconium small-diameter implants can achieve good short-term clinical results in the esthetic area of the anterior teeth.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to classify the dynamic smile and to quantify the gingival line (GL), as well as apico-coronal displacement of the gingival zenith (GZ), in the maxillary anterior dentition in a young Chinese population. METHODS: Two-hundred young Chinese subjects (100 men and 100 women; 20-35 years of age) with healthy dentogingival tissue were recruited. The dynamic smile process was captured using a digital camera. The smile type, GL type, the vertical distance of the GZ between the canine and the central incisor on the same side and the GZ of the lateral incisor-GL relationship were measured using a self-developed smile-analysis method. The kappa statistics was used to examine the reliability of the data recorded by the rater. The Pearson chi-square test was used to analyse the differences between subjects regarding the frequencies of smile type and GL type at α = 0.05. RESULTS: Data revealed that 45.5% of subjects had a high smile and 45.5% had an average smile; 58.2% of the subjects presented an upwards GL. The GZ of canine teeth was 0.33 mm apical to the corresponding central incisor and no significant difference between both sides of the GZ was observed. The GZ of the lateral incisor was located coronal to the GL in 87.9% of samples. The vertical distance between the GZ of the lateral incisor and the GL was 0.59 mm and no statistically significant difference was detected. CONCLUSIONS: The most common findings were a high or average smile type, combined with an upward GL. In the majority of subjects, the GZ of the lateral incisor is coronal to the GL. The apico-coronal displacement of the GZ showed bilateral symmetry.
