Investigating the trends and causes of changes in human anthropometric dimensions over the past three decades: a challenge for ergonomic design.

Objectives. The present study aimed to review the changes in anthropometric dimensions around the world during the last 30 years.Methods. The search for this study was conducted in four databases with related keywords. Papers from 1990 to 2021 were reviewed and 4139 articles were identified, with 505 related titles. Of these, 187 articles met the eligibility criteria, and their whole text was examined; 132 articles were then included for the final review.Results. The reviewed studies showed that a large number of anthropometric dimensions of the human body have become larger than in the past, such as height. Although the increasing trend of anthropometric dimensions in the past has been faster than in recent years, decreasing changes have also been seen in some anthropometric dimensions, such as the human jaw, face width and head width. It should be noted that the main reasons for the changes mentioned in the studies are economics and family income, social conditions, health and nutrition.Conclusion. Since the process of changes in anthropometric dimensions is not always the same, anthropometric data should be updated regularly, and work environments and equipment should be reviewed or redesigned according to the new anthropometric data.

Development and validation of multiple linear regression models for predicting total hip arthroplasty acetabular prosthesis.

PURPOSE: To establish a multivariate linear equation to predict the diameter (outer diameter) of the acetabular prosthesis used in total hip arthroplasty. METHODS: A cohort of 258 individuals who underwent THA at our medical facility were included in this study. The independent variables encompassed the patients' height, weight, foot length, gender, age, and surgical access. The dependent variable in this study was the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis utilized during the surgical procedure. The entire cohort dataset was randomly partitioned into a training cohort and a validation cohort, with a ratio of 7:3, employing the SPSS 26.0 software. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between the patients' height, weight, foot length, gender, age, surgical access, and the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis in the training cohort. Additionally, a multiple linear regression equation was developed using the independent variables from the training cohort and the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis as the dependent variable. This equation aimed to predict the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis based on the patients' characteristics. The accuracy of the equation was evaluated by substituting the data of the validation cohort into the multiple linear equation. The predicted acetabular prosthesis diameters were then compared with the actual diameters used in the operation. RESULTS: The correlation analysis conducted on the training cohort revealed that surgical access (r = 0.054) and age (r = -0.120) exhibited no significant correlation with the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis utilized during the intraoperative procedure. Conversely, height (r = 0.687), weight (r = 0.654), foot length (r = 0.687), and sex (r = 0.354) demonstrated a significant correlation with the diameter of the acetabular prosthesis used intraoperatively. Furthermore, a predictive equation, denoted as Y (acetabular prosthesis diameter in mm) = 20.592 + 0.548 × foot length (cm) + 0.083 × height (cm) + 0.077 × weight (kg), was derived. This equation accurately predicted the diameter within one size with an accuracy rate of 64.94% and within two sizes with an accuracy rate of 94.81%. CONCLUSION: Anthropometric data can accurately predict the diameter of acetabular prosthesis during total hip arthroplasty.

Validation of an Automated Optical Scanner for a Comprehensive Anthropometric Analysis of the Foot and Ankle.

Background: Our objective was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the reproducibility of foot and ankle anthropometric measurements with a three-dimensional (3D) optical scanner. Methods: We evaluated thirty-nine different anthropometric parameters obtained with a 3D Laser UPOD-S Full-Foot Scanner in a healthy population of twenty subjects. We determined the variance of the measurements for each foot/ankle, and the average variance among different subjects. Results: For 40 feet and ankles (15 women and 5 men; mean age 35.62 +/- 9.54 years, range 9-75 years), the average variance was 1.4 ± 2 (range 0.1 to 8). Overall, the mean absolute measurement error was <1 mm, with a maximum variance percentage of 8.3%. Forefoot and midfoot circumferences had a low variance <2.5, with variance percentages <1%. Hindfoot circumferences, malleolar heights, and the length of the first and fifth metatarsal to the ground contact points showed the highest variance (range 1 to 7). Conclusions: The UPOD-S Full-Foot optical Scanner achieved a good reproducibility in a large set of foot and ankle anthropometric measurements. It is a valuable tool for clinical and research purposes.

Dietary acid load decreases with age and is associated with sagittal abdominal diameter: a nationally representative quantification study in US adults.

BACKGROUND: Dietary acid load (DAL) has been associated with frailty and hip fractures in older adults, who often have a reduced kidney function and thus compromised buffering capacities. Studies to quantify DAL in older adults are scarce and controversies persist as to whether DAL in- or decreases with age. AIM: To enhance the understanding of DAL in older individuals, we examined its relationship with increasing age and selected anthropometric data in a well-characterized sample of US adults. METHODS: Secondary data analysis of nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data (NHANES 2011-2016). The sample included n = 3018 adults aged 60+, which may be extrapolated to represent n = 45,113,471 Americans. DAL was estimated using 4 formulas, including Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP). RESULTS: All employed DAL scores tended to decline with increasing age. Participants aged 80 years or older yielded the lowest DAL scores. The average US citizen aged 60+ consumed an acidifying diet, yet there were sex-specific differences in the adjusted means for some scores. NEAP was positively correlated with both body mass index (r = 0.26, p < 0.001) and the sagittal abdominal diameter (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) in this nationally representative sample. CONCLUSION: The previously reported phenomenon of increasing DAL values in older people in non-Western countries may not apply to the US. Our findings may constitute an important step towards a better understanding of DAL in older US adults, and highlight the need for additional population-specific research in the field.

Reference values and influencing factors of the glenohumeral subluxation index: a study on 3004 participants.

BACKGROUND: The primary objective of this study was to examine the glenohumeral subluxation index (GHSI) in a large general population cohort and to define reference values. Glenohumeral subluxation is important in the development and prediction of pathological states of the shoulder joint and in total shoulder arthroplasty. Therefore, another objective was to examine the influence of age, sex, body mass index, and body height and weight on GHSI. METHODS: GHSI according to Walch was measured on bilateral magnetic resonance imaging of 3004 participants of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP, aged 21-90 years). SHIP drew a sample of the adult general population of Pomerania (Northeastern Germany). Reference values for GHSI were assessed by quantile regression models. Associations of sex, age, and anthropometric markers with the GHSI were calculated by linear regression models. RESULTS: A reference range between 42% and 55% for men with a mean of 49% ± 4% was defined, while the upper reference limit for women was 1% higher (mean, 50% ± 4%). Age was inversely associated with the GHSI in males (P < 0.001), while no significant association in females was observed (P = .625). Body weight and body mass index were positively associated (P < .001) without effect modification by sex. Heavy mechanical oscillations on the upper extremity showed no significant association with GHSI (P = .268). CONCLUSION: The reference values for GHSI were expanded to a range of 42%-57% on magnetic resonance imaging. Several associations between GHSI and anthropometric properties are present. According to these associations, adjusted formulas are provided to enable individual, patient-specific diagnostics and therapy. Nevertheless, the clinical picture cannot be neglected.

Associations between Dietary Patterns, Anthropometric and Cardiometabolic Indices and the Number of MetS Components in Polish Adults with Metabolic Disorders.

Diet-therapy of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is of great importance due to significant health and social consequences. The aim of this study was (1) to determine dietary patterns (DPs), and (2) to search for associations between defined DPs, anthropometric and cardiometabolic indices, and the number of MetS components in Polish adults with metabolic disorders. The study was designed as a cross-sectional. The study group was 276 adults. Data about the frequency of consumption of selected food groups were collected. Anthropometric measurements: body height (H), body weight (BW), waist (WC), and hip (HC), as well as body composition, were taken. Blood samples were obtained for measurements of glucose and lipids. The obtained biochemical and anthropometric parameters were used to calculate the anthropometric and metabolic dysfunction indices. Three dietary patterns were identified in our study group: Western, Prudent and Low Food. Results of logistic regression analysis indicated rare consumption of fish as a predictor of risk of more severe forms of MetS. The possibility of using body roundness index (BRI) for fast diagnosis of cardiometabolic risk was found. In the management of MetS, the development of strategies to reduce the risk of more severe forms of MetS should be focused on increasing fish consumption and other prohealthy food.

Body Composition, Nutritional Intake Assessment, and Perceptions about Diet for Health and Performance: An Exploratory Study for Senior Futsal Players.

This study aims to assess the body composition and nutritional intake of senior male futsal players from the II Futsal Division-Azores Series and explore their individual viewpoints regarding the benefits and barriers of healthy eating and performance. Two groups were identified: those who only completed the sociodemographic questionnaire and the anthropometric data (Group 1, n = 48), and those who additionally had their food intake assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls and were interviewed (Group 2, n = 20). Although most of the players have a healthy body composition, those from Group 2 had a significantly higher Body Mass Index, showing that they are under "pre-obesity", and have a higher percentage of body fat compared to the players from Group 1. Findings from the nutritional intake assessment revealed that players from Group 2 met dietary recommendations for protein, but not for energy and carbohydrate, and they slightly exceeded recommendations for fat. Findings from the interviews revealed that most of these players reported low levels of satisfaction with their sport performance, explained by their deviation from a healthy eating practice in their daily lives. They recognized the need to alter their diets, identifying food items that should be taken and avoided.

Sex-specific association between elective cesarean section and growth trajectories in preschool children: A prospective birth cohort study.

Background: Elective cesarean section (ECS) primarily contributes to the rising cesarean section (CS) rate, and much attention has been attracted to its health consequences. The association between ECS and overweight and obesity in children has been controversial, and few studies distinguished ECS with medical indications from those without indications. Based on a large sample birth cohort, we aim to examine the association of ECS with or without medical indications on children's physical development by using repeated anthropometric data from birth to 6 years of age. Methods: A total of 2304 mother-child pairs with complete data on delivery mode and children's anthropometric measurements were recruited from the Ma'anshan-Anhui Birth Cohort (MABC) in China. ECS was the main exposure in this study, and the primary outcomes were children's growth trajectories and early adiposity rebound (AR). Children's BMI trajectories were fitted by using group-based trajectory models and fractional polynomial mixed-effects models. The association between ECS and children's growth trajectories and early AR was performed using multiple logistic regression models. Results: Among 2,304 mother-child pairs (1199 boys and 1105 girls), 1088 (47.2%) children were born by CS, including 61 (5.6%) emergency CS, 441 (40.5%) ECS with medical indications, and 586 (53.9%) ECS without medical indications. After adjusting for potential confounders, it was found that ECS with medical indications was associated with a "high level" of BMI trajectory (OR = 1.776; 95% CI: 1.010-3.123), and ECS without medical indications was associated with early AR (OR = 1.517; 95% CI: 1.123-2.050) in girls. In boys, we found that ECS without medical indications was unlikely to experience an accelerated growth trajectory (OR = 0.484; 95%CI: 0.244-0.959). Conclusions: ECS may be related to girls' "high level" BMI trajectories and early AR. If causal, the findings will provide an evidence-based reference for early life interventions for childhood obesity.

The prevalence of underweight and obesity in CHD. Response to body mass index and age are associated with ventricular end-diastolic pressure in adults with a Fontan circulation.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to determine the impact of obesity in children with CHD which is severe enough to require invasive catheterisation. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective study in a cardiac catheterisation laboratory of a large paediatric hospital. The material consisted of 378 children from 2 to 19 years old who underwent heart catheterisation in the years 2011-2019. Their anthropometric data were collected, and the body mass index was calculated. The BMI centile was then calculated according to the Centers for Diseases Control (CDC). They were classified as overweight (85-95th centile), obese (> 95th centile), normal weight (5th-85 centile), and underweight (< 5th centile). RESULTS: 18.7% of children were underweight, 54.76% were normal weight, 11.64% were overweight, and 14.81% were obese. Overall, 26.45% of the children were overweight. Boys were more likely to have increased body weight than girls, but the difference was not statistically significant. The percentage of increased weight was similar in children with acyanotic CHD as well as heart disease from other causes. On the contrary, children with cyanotic heart disease were more likely to be younger and have a higher percentage of underweight children. CONCLUSIONS: The rates of obesity and overweight in children with CHD depend on the sex, age, and cardiopathy type. In addition, they agree with the findings that have been published in international series studies for children with CHD.

Vitamin D Metabolite Ratio in Pregnant Women with Low Blood Vitamin D Concentrations Is Associated with Neonatal Anthropometric Data.

Existing evidence on the correlation between maternal vitamin D concentrations and birth outcomes is conflicting. Investigation of these associations requires accurate assessment of vitamin D status, especially in individuals with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. This study examined the correlations between birth outcomes and the maternal vitamin D metabolite ratio (VMR) 1 (defined as the ratio of 24,25(OH)2D3 to 25(OH)D) and VMR2 (defined as the ratio of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 to 25(OH)D) using data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study at Chiba Regional Center. A total of 297 mother-neonate pairs were analyzed. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we measured 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentrations in maternal serum samples. These data were analyzed in relation to birth anthropometric data using multivariable linear regression. Of the study participants, 85.2% showed insufficient vitamin D concentrations. VMR1 was strongly correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations, whereas VMR2 showed a weak correlation. Only VMR2 was associated with all anthropometric data. VMR2 in pregnant women with low vitamin D blood concentrations is a useful marker for neonatal anthropometric data and is independent of 25(OH)D. Accurate measurement of vitamin D metabolites could help better understand the effects of vitamin D on birth outcomes.

Ergonomic assessment of postal workers' pain symptoms and musculoskeletal risks related to parcel processing activity for delivery.

The parcel delivery activity is carried out all over the world and workers in this sector have suffered from musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to the strong demand for work generated by the recent increase in e-commerce. This study aimed to evaluate postal workers' pain symptoms, movements and identify MSDs risks related to the parcel processing activity for delivery, proposing preventive measures. A sample of thirty-two workers was evaluated with the application of sociodemographic and Nordic questionnaires and electrical bioimpedance. The motion capture sensors were used to evaluate right/left shoulder joints, segment C7-T1 (Cervical) and segment L5-S1 (Lumbar) of three postal workers (percentiles of anthropometric data: 5, 50, and 95) during four real work activities that are part of the parcel processing. The analyzed workers presented musculoskeletal complaints in practically all body regions, with a greater prevalence in shoulders, hands, lower back, and knees. According to the Body Mass Index (BMI), they were on average overweight (27.8 ± 3.7 kg/m2). In the movement analysis, we identified risks related to cervical protrusion, anterior trunk flexion, and shoulder flexion, in addition to repetitive movements. In some activities, the higher stature showed an increase in lumbar and cervical anterior flexion. The set of evaluations showed that the activity of processing orders for delivery offers musculoskeletal risks. We identify that ergonomic adaptations are necessary to adapt the heights of the work environment to the statures of the postal workers. Relevance to industry: The activity of processing orders for delivery is carried out practically all over the world generating jobs and income for its employees. Nonetheless, there are still situations of ergonomic disadvantage that can generate musculoskeletal risks. The findings elucidate ergonomic risks and provide useful information for future ergonomic interventions in the postal/delivery workplace environment.

IS THERE A CORRELATION BETWEEN PLACENTAL LEPTIN AND MATERNAL GESTATIONAL FACTORS WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA OF THE NEWBORN? / HÁ CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE LEPTINA PLACENTÁRIA E FATORES MATERNOS GESTACIONAIS COM DADOS ANTROPOMÉTRICOS DO RECÉM-NASCIDO?

Introduction: Leptin in maternal/fetal compartments, and its mechanisms, are being elucidated. Hormonal factors, genetic predisposition, chromosomal formation, environmental conditions, infections and the use of toxic substances may be related to negative outcomes in pregnancy, the fetus and the neonate. Objective: To analyze the correlation of placental leptin with maternal gestational factors and anthropometric data on the newborn. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, uncontrolled study. The sample consisted of 103 parturients and their respective newborns (NB). They were arranged according to the presented gestational risk factors and usual risk factors, and later, blood was collected from the placental fragments, for the serum leptin dosage. Gestational age, weight, height, BMI and head circumference were evaluated. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in leptin distribution below or above 0.1 in mothers with and without gestational risk factors. However, there was a trend in those with diabetes and obesity. Regarding the assessment of the presence and absence of maternal gestational factors between them and the level of placental leptin, only the obesity factor was significant. When the association between NB characteristics and leptin values was evaluated, no significant difference was observed; however, when related to gender, there was twice as much in females. In the assessment between weight/GA with placental leptin, there was no difference, but it was superior in big for gestational age NBs. Conclusion: Placental leptin was correlated with maternal gestational obesity risk, but without correlation with NB anthropometric data.

Introdução: lLeptina nos compartimentos materno/fetais, e seus mecanismos, estão sendo elucidados. Fatores hormonais, predisposição genética, formação cromossômica, condições ambientais, infecções e a utilização de substâncias tóxicas podem estar relacionadas a desfechos negativos na gestação, no feto e no neonato. Objetivo: Analisar a correlação da leptina placentária com fatores maternos gestacionais e dados antropométricos do recém-nascido. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo, não controlado. A amostra constou de 103 parturientes e seus respectivos recém-nascidos (RN). As parturientes foram dispostas conforme os fatores de risco gestacionais apresentados e fatores de risco habituais, e posteriormente coletado sangue dos fragmentos placentários, para a dosagem sérica da leptina. Foram avaliados a idade gestacional, peso, estatura, IMC e perímetro cefálico. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na distribuição da leptina inferior ou superior a 0,1 em mães com e sem os fatores de risco gestacionais. No entanto verificou-se tendência naquelas com diabete e obesidade. Quanto à avaliação da presença e ausência de fatores maternos gestacionais entre si e o nível de leptina placentária, apenas o fator obesidade foi significante. Quando avaliada a associação entre as características do RN e os valores de leptina não foi observada diferença significativa; no entanto, houve quando relacionada ao gênero, o dobro no sexo feminino. Na avaliação entre peso/IG com leptina placentária não houve diferença, porém foi superior em RN's grande para a idade gestacional. Conclusão: A leptina placentária apresentou correlação com o risco materno gestacional de obesidade, mas sem correlação com a antropometria do RN.

Correlation between anthropometric data and preparatory maneuvers difficulties during laparoscopic right liver resections: a single center prospective study.

PURPOSE: The difficulty of laparoscopic right liver resections (LRLR) is mainly associated with their poor accessibility. Anthropometric data rather than BMI was reported to predict transection time and blood loss. Aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between anthropometric data and preparatory manoeuvres difficulties during LRLR. METHODS: All patients who underwent LRLR requiring full right liver mobilization from November 2019 to March 2021 were prospectively included in the study. Data on surgeons' difficulty perceptions on liver mobilization (LM), isolation of right hepatic vein (RHVI), liver manageability and visibility were rated with a 5-point scale. Data on cranio-caudal liver diameters (CCliv), CHALLENGE Index (CCliv/latero-lateral abdomen diameter), times needed to LM and RHVI were collected. RESULTS: Sixty-five patients (29 wedge and 36 anatomical resections) with a median BMI of 25.5 were analysed. One patient required open conversion due to oncological reason. No correlations between BMI and CCliv or CHALLENGE Index were found. Larger CCliv diameter correlated with longer time for both RHVI (r = 0.589, p = 0.002) and LM (r = 0.222, p = 0.049). Higher CHALLENGE index correlated with longer time for RHVI (r = 0.589, p = 0.002). The CHALLENGE index showed a linear correlation with difficulty to the isolation of RHV (r = 0.327, p = 0.045), whilst the liver manipulation difficulty increased with latero-lateral liver diameter (r = 0.244, p = 0.033). BMI had no correlation with the duration of preparatory maneuvers neither with surgeons' difficulties. CONCLUSIONS: Anthropometric data can help to anticipate the difficulty of preparatory maneuvers during laparoscopic right liver resections.

DEVIATION BETWEEN THE PLANNED DOSE AND THE IN VIVO DOSIMETRY RESULTS DURING POSTOPERATIVE IRRADIATION IN PATIENTS WITH UTERINE CANCER DEPENDING ON ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA. / VIDKhYLENNIa MIZh ZAPLANOVANOIu DOZOIu I REZUL'TATAMY DOZYMETRIÏ IN VIVO PRY PISLIaOPERATsIINOMU OPROMINENNI U PATsIIeNTOK, KhVORYKh NA RAK TILA MATKY, ZALEZhNO VID ANTROPOMETRYChNYKh DANYKh.

Topometry is an integral part of irradiation whose task is to repeat the position of the patient set by the simulator to repeat the PTV and the spatial relationship between the radiation field and the risk organs that were identified during planning. The dose distribution formulated in the plan is only an ideal model. There is some gap between the actual and planned dose distribution, especially in overweight patients. OBJECTIVE: evaluate the effect of anthropometric data on the deviation between the planned dose and the results of dosimetry in vivo in patients with uterine cancer during postoperative irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors analyzed the results of treatment of 110 patients with stage IB-II uterine can- cer who were treated at the Department of Radiation Therapy of the Institute of Medical Radiology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine from 2016 to 2019. The technique of classical fractionation was used with a single focal dose of 2.0 Gy 5 times a week, the total focal dose was 42.0-50.0 Gy. To assess the effect of the patient's anthropometric data on the difference between the actual and calculated dose, the authors per- formed in vivo dosimetry after the first session and in the middle of the postoperative course of external beam radi- ation therapy. RESULTS: Рatients with BSA < 1.92 m2, had the median relative deviation at the first session -4.12 %, after 20.0 Gy - 3.61 %, patients with BSA > 1.92 m2: -2.06 % and -1.55 % respectively. After 20 Gy 34.8 % of patients with BSA < 1.92 m2 there was an increase in deviation from the planned dose, 65.2 % a decrease, while in 56.1 % of patients with BSA > 1.92 m2 there was an increase, and in 43.9 % - its reduction. With increasing BMI, the actual dose received on the rectal mucosa in the tenth session of irradiation is approaching the calculated one. CONCLUSIONS: When irradiated on the ROKUS-AM device, we did not find a probable dependence of the influence of the constitutional features of patients between the received and planned radiation dose. When treated with a Clinac 600 C, only body weight and body mass index at the tenth irradiation session have a likely effect on the dose differ- ence. Therefore, issues related to the individual approach to the treatment of uterine cancer, depending on anthro- pometric data is an urgent problem of modern radiotherapy.

Stature estimation using foot dimensions via 3D scanning in Taiwanese male adults.

In forensic identification, the use of foot dimensions to predict stature is a requisite. For Taiwanese male stature prediction, available information about stature estimation using foot dimensions is still lacking. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to establish Taiwanese adult male stature prediction models for various foot dimensions. A total of 2,072 male 3D foot models were collected and the subjects' ages ranged from 18 to 59 years old. Thirteen foot dimensions for each foot were utilized in this study. Bilateral differences were tested using pairedt-tests. Stature predictions based on different foot dimensions were conducted using simple linear and stepwise regression methods. The results showed significant bilateral differences in the majority of the selected foot dimensions (p < 0.001). Foot length had the highest positive correlation with stature in the right and left foot. Using length-related dimensions generated better prediction accuracy (0.356 < R2 < 0.533, 4.193 < SEE < 4.928), whereas the worst accuracy was observed with angle-related dimensions (0.001 < R2 < 0.023; 6.072 < SEE < 6.137) when employing a single foot dimension to estimate Taiwanese male stature. Stepwise regression analysis results indicated that the coefficient of determination was improved to 0.590 and 0.593 by applying five and six foot parameters to predict stature, respectively. The findings of the present study suggest that these stature estimation equations can be applied to predict Taiwanese male stature in the forensic science field.

Eating in the Amazon: Nutritional Status of the Riverine Populations and Possible Nudge Interventions.

The Amazon is the largest tropical forest in the world and a source of healthy food, such as fruits and fish. Surprisingly, the Amazonian riverine population present an increased prevalence (as high as 58%) of non-communicable diseases, such as hypertension and insulin resistance, even higher than that described for the urban population of the Amazon. Therefore, this work aimed to analyze the nutritional status and associated risk of the riverine population. Body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio, and neck circumference (NC) were evaluated, and risk analysis was assayed. Furthermore, data about occupation and the prevalence of consumers of the different groups of food were analyzed. All anthropometric parameters revealed high proportions of individuals at risk, WC and NC being the factors that had more high-risk women and men, respectively. Our data confirmed the characteristic profile of the riverine communities with a high number of fish consumers, but also observed different patterns probably associated to a phenomenon of nutrition transition. Based on our data, some nudge interventions that take into account the principles of behavior analysis are discussed and proposed for these populations, aiming to improve the nutritional status and avoid the long-term consequences of the results showed by this work.

Association of Paternal Individual Deprivation Measure with General Anthropometric Data and Dental Caries among 12 to 15 year old school going children, in Tiruvallur District - A cross sectional study.

AIM: To determine General anthropometric data and dental caries and their association of paternal Individual Deprivation Measure among 12- to 15-year-old school going children in Tiruvallur District. METHODS AND MATERIAL: The Anthropometric data such as Body mass index, Skin fold thickness and mid arm circumference was assessed. The study was also conducted to assess children's paternal deprivation using individual deprivation index (IDM). Paternal deprivation was calculated using Individual deprivation index which comprises of 15 dimensions. Pilot study was done to calculate sample size which is found to be 800. RESULTS: Dimension of paternal individual deprivation measure in parent Education, Housing, toileting, family planning, problem in visiting doctor between Government and Private School children was significant with P value of 0.0005. Interpretation of Paternal individual deprivation measure was found to be significant among Government and private school children. There was no association of individual deprivation measure with dental caries, but there was an association of Individual paternal deprivation measure with one of the anthropometric measure was mid arm circumference. In paternal deprivation index 21.8% of the children's parent were not deprived, 45.8% were somewhat deprived, 22.6% were deprived, 7.3% were very deprived, 2.6 were extremely deprived among school children.

Association between Dietary Pattern, Lifestyle, Anthropometric Status, and Anemia-Related Biomarkers among Adults: A Population-Based Study from 2001 to 2015.

Inadequate dietary intake, poor nutritional status, heavy smoking, and alcohol consumption are associated with the risk of anemia. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between dietary patterns, lifestyle, nutritional status, and anemia-related biomarkers among adults using a multivariable regression model. Taiwanese adults aged 20-45 years (n = 118,924, 43,055 men and 75,869 women) were obtained from the Mei Jau Health Management Institution database, between 2001 and 2015, for data analysis. The anemia-inflammation-related dietary pattern was derived by reduced rank regression analysis. Dietary patterns with high intakes of eggs, meat, organ meats, rice or flour products, fried foods, sugary beverages, and processed foods significantly increased the risk of anemia, and was associated with decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cells, but increased white blood cells and C-reactive protein levels. Moreover, current alcohol drinkers, as well as people who were underweight, overweight, obese, and central obese, were more likely to increase their risk of anemia by 46%, 20%, 23%, 34%, and 28%, respectively. Interestingly, participants who are current or past smokers were inversely associated with risk of anemia. In conclusion, adherence to the anemia-inflammation dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of anemia in Taiwanese adults. Furthermore, abnormal weight status and alcohol drinking were correlated with an increased risk of anemia.

Anthropometric study as a predictor of anterior cruciate ligament sizes in Asian Indonesian population.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether anthropometric data can predict anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sizes on magneti resonance imaging (MRI) in Asian population. BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of ACL has been performed over a decade ago. Recently, more individualized ACL reconstruction is performed taking account of each patient's ACL characteristics. However, there has been limited study regarding ACL sizes in Asian Indonesian population. This study aimed to evaluate the role of anthropometric data in ACL sizes using MRI in Asian Indonesian population. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective Study. METHOD: A series of 531 knees from 420 patients with knee pain and intact ACL confirmed by MRI study. Length, width and inclination angle of ACL were measured using a T2-weighted sagittal MRI 3.0 Tesla Magnetom Skyra. Height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and age were recorded. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine relationship between the anthropometric data and size of ACL measurements. RESULT: ACL length and width were significantly different between male and female, consecutively. Mean ACL length was 35.36 ± 3.63 mm, male was significantly longer (36.59 ± 3.24 mm) compared to female (32.77 ± 2.99 mm), p < 0.0001. Mean ACL width was 10.23 ± 1.84 mm, male was significantly wider (10.85 ± 1.59 mm) compared to female (8.93 ± 1.64 mm), p < 0.0001. The mean ACL inclination angle was 47.75° ± 3.07° (range 40.17°-57.12°). The strongest correlation for ACL length was height and weight (r = 0.437; r = 0.341 consecutively, p < 0.0001). Females had stronger correlation compared to males for ACL length (R2 = 0.489 vs R2 = 0.418). ACL width showed weak correlation with anthropometric data. The following regression analysis equation was obtained for ACL length: ACL length = 60.697 - 0.11*age + 0.461*weight (kg) - 16.522*height (meter) - 1.093*BMI (R2 = 0.539; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Anthropometric data can be utilized as a predictor of ACL length in Asian Indonesian population. The ACL length in Asian Indonesian population is shorter than that in Western population study.

Socioeconomic, Eating- and Health-Related Limitations of Food Consumption among Polish Women 60+ Years: The 'ABC of Healthy Eating' Project.

The study aimed at identifying the socioeconomic, eating- and health-related limitations and their associations with food consumption among Polish women 60+ years old. Data on the frequency of consumption of fruit, vegetables, dairy, meat, poultry, fish, legumes, eggs, water and beverages industrially unsweetened were collected with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) and were expressed in the number of servings consumed per day or week. Three indexes: the Socioeconomic Status Index (SESI), the Eating-related Limitations Score (E-LS) and the Health-related Limitations Score (H-LS) were developed and applied. SESI was created on the base of two variables: place of residence and the self-reported economic situation of household. E-LS included: difficulties with self-feeding, decrease in food intake due to digestive problems, chewing or swallowing difficulties, loss of appetite, decrease in the feeling the taste of food, and feeling satiety, whereas H-LS included: physical function, comorbidity, cognitive function, psychological stress and selected anthropometric measurements. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the socioeconomic, eating-, and health-related limitations of food consumption. Lower socioeconomic status (vs. higher) was associated with a lower chance of consuming fruit/vegetables ≥ 2 servings/day (OR = 0.25) or consuming dairy ≥ 1 serving/day (OR = 0.32). The existence of multiple E-LS limitations (vs. few) was associated with a lower chance of consuming fruit/vegetables ≥ 2 servings/day (OR = 0.72), consuming dairy ≥ 1 serving/day (OR = 0.55) or consuming water and beverages industrially unsweetened ≥6 cups/day (OR = 0.56). The existence of multiple H-LS limitations was associated with a lower chance of consuming fruit/vegetables ≥ 2 servings/day (OR = 0.79 per 1 H-LS point increase) or consuming dairy ≥ 1 serving/day (OR = 0.80 per 1 H-LS point increase). Limitations found in the studied women were related to insufficient consumption of selected groups of food, which can lead to malnutrition and dehydration. There is a need for food policy actions, including practical educational activities, to eliminate barriers in food consumption, and in turn to improve the nutritional and health status of older women.