Risco de lesão por pressão em pessoas acamadas assistidas pela estratégia saúde da família / Risk of pressure ulcers in bedridden individuals assisted by the family health strategy / Riesgo de lesiones por presión en personas encamadas atendidas por la estrategia de salud de la familia

Objetivo: Avaliar o risco de Lesão por Pressão em pessoas acamadas assistidas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 62 pacientes. A coleta de dados sucedeu-se por meio de questionário semiestruturado com dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e a avaliação do risco de Lesão por Pressão por meio da Escala de Braden. Os dados foram analisados pelo softwareestatístico Statistical Package for Social Science, versão 20.0. Resultados: Prevaleceram os pacientes do sexo feminino (61,3 %), cor branca (43,5%), viúvos (35,5%), aposentados (66,1%) e não alfabetizados (62,9%). O principal motivo de estar acamado foi devido a sequelas do Acidente Vascular Encefálico (35,5%). Evidenciou-se prevalência de risco muito alto em 59,7% das pessoas acamadas. Conclusão: O risco para Lesão por Pressão foi elevado, e a identificação dos fatores de risco é necessária e pode contribuir para estratégias preventivas ou redutoras deste agravo. (AU)

Objective: To assess the risk of pressure ulcers in bedridden individuals assisted by the Family Health Strategy. Method: A cross-sectional study employing a quantitative approach was conducted with 62 patients. Data collection was performed through a semi-structured questionnaire, encompassing sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as the assessment of pressure ulcer risk using the Braden Scale. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 20.0. Results: Female patients (61.3%), Caucasians (43.5%), widows (35.5%), married individuals (66.1%), and those with no formal education (62.9%) predominated. The primary reason for being bedridden was sequelae from a stroke (35.5%). A prevalence of very high risk was observed in 59.7% of bedridden individuals. Conclusion: The risk of pressure ulcers was high, emphasizing the necessity of identifying risk factors to inform preventive or mitigating strategies for this condition. (AU)

Objetivo: Evaluar el riesgo de Úlceras por Presión en personas encamadas atendidas por la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Método: Se realizó un estudio transversal con enfoque cuantitativo con 62 pacientes. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de un cuestionario semiestructurado con datos sociodemográficos y clínicos, así como la evaluación del riesgo de úlceras por presión utilizando la Escala de Braden. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando el softwareStatistical Package for Social Science, versión 20.0. Resultados: Predominaron pacientes de sexo femenino (61,3%), raza blanca (43,5%), viudas (35,5%), jubiladas (66,1%) y analfabetas (62,9%). El principal motivo de encamación fue por las secuelas de un accidente cerebrovascular (35,5%). Hubo una prevalencia de riesgo muy alta en el 59,7% de las personas encamadas. Conclusión: El riesgo de úlceras por presión fue alto, y la identificación de los factores de riesgo es necesaria y puede contribuir a estrategias preventivas o reductoras de esta condición. (AU)

Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA in Bedridden Patients and Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities.

At present, multidrug-resistant microorganisms are already responsible for community-acquired infections. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious public health risk worldwide because of the rapid spread and diversification of pandemic clones that are characterized by increasing virulence and antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with nasal, oral and rectal carriage of S. aureus and MRSA in bedridden patients and residents of long-term care facilities for the elderly (LTCFs) in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Nasal, oral and rectal swab isolates obtained from 226 LTCF residents or home-bedridden patients between 2017 and 2018 were submitted to susceptibility testing, detection of the mecA gene, SCCmec characterization, and molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with the presence of S. aureus and MRSA. The prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA was 33.6% (n = 76) and 8% (n = 18), respectively. At the nine LTCFs studied, the prevalence of S. aureus ranged from 16.6% to 85.7% and that of MRSA from 13.3% to 25%. Living in an LTCF, male gender, a history of surgeries, and a high Charlson Comorbidity Index score were risk factors associated with S. aureus carriage, while MRSA carriage was positively associated with male gender. This study showed a high prevalence of S. aureus among elderly residents of small (<15 residents) and medium-sized (15−49 residents) LTCFs and a higher prevalence of MRSA in the oropharynx.