Consumption of a high-fat diet does not potentiate the deleterious effects on lipid and protein levels and body development in rats subjected to maternal protein restriction.

Maternal undernutrition may cause injuries in several organs of the offspring, as well as lead to diseases in adulthood. Obesity and/or the consumption of a high-fat diet may also induce metabolic and cardiorespiratory diseases. We hypothesized that the consumption of a post-weaning high-fat diet would potentiate the deleterious effects of maternal protein undernutrition. This study evaluated the effects of the association of a low-protein diet during gestation and lactation with a post-weaning high-fat diet on the biochemical and ventilatory parameters of rats. Male Wistar rats from mothers who received a low-protein (9% of protein) or normoprotein diet during pregnancy and lactation received a high-fat (32% of total kilocalories from lipids) or a normal fat diet after weaning. Mass gain and somatic growth of the offspring were monitored. Also examined were biochemical chemical parameters and respiratory frequency, tidal volume (volume of air displaced in each normal respiratory cycle when extra effort is not applied), and pulmonary ventilation. Offspring from undernourished mothers presented lower birth weight (P = .0225), which remained until the end of lactation (P < .01). The rats that consumed high-fat diet and had been submitted to maternal undernutrition presented higher tidal volume when compared to the ones that consumed control diet at the 21st day of life (P Ë‚ .05). At 30 and 90 days, no further ventilatory changes were observed. Our data show that the consumption of a high-fat diet post-weaning did not seem to potentiate the changes induced by maternal undernutrition.

El ideal de cuerpo delgado y la formación del sujeto neoliberal: un estudio de caso / O ideal do corpo magro e a formação do sujeito neoliberal: um estudo de caso / The thin body ideal and the constitution of the neoliberal subject: a case study

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar mediante un estudio de caso único, cómo la discrepancia entre la imagen corporal del ideal delgado y la real puede estimular los procesos de formación del sujeto neoliberal. El instrumento de recogida de información fue la entrevista cualitativa, abierta y semiestructurada. Los resultados muestran cómo la imagen corporal del ideal delgado puede funcionar como una tecnología de poder, al exhibir un cuerpo normalizado y homogéneo que estimula los procesos reflexivos críticos sobre uno mismo, procesos que pueden abocar en prácticas de transformación del propio cuerpo, contribuyendo a la construcción de sujetos sensibles al impulso neoliberal. Finalmente, aportamos algunas implicaciones pedagógicas para el desarrollo de tecnologías del yo liberadoras orientadas al autoconocimiento y al aumento de la consciencia crítica.

O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar, através de um único estudo de caso, como a discrepância entre a imagem corporal do magro ideal e o real pode estimular os processos de formação do sujeito neoliberal. O instrumento de coleta de informações foi a entrevista qualitativa, aberta e semi-estruturada. Os resultados mostram como a imagem corporal do ideal magro pode funcionar como uma tecnologia de potência, exibindo um corpo ideal normalizado e homogêneo que estimula processos reflexivos críticos sobre si mesmo, processos que podem levar a práticas de transformação do próprio corpo, contribuindo para a construção do corpo, contribuído para a construção de sujeitos sensíveis ao impulso neoliberal. Por fim, fornecemos algumas implicações pedagógicas para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias libertadoras de si voltadas para o autoconhecimento e o aumento da consciência crítica.

As a single case study, this paper shows how the discrepancy between the thin-ideal body image and the real body can drive processes that form the neoliberal subject. Data were collected through qualitative, open and semi-structured interviews. The results show how the thin-ideal body image can function as a power technology by exhibiting a normalized and homogeneous ideal body that stimulates critical reflective processes about oneself, which can lead to practices of transformation of the body itself, contributing to form subjects that are receptive to the neoliberal impulse. Finally, we point out some pedagogical implications for the development of liberating technologies of the self, aimed at self-knowledge and increasing critical awareness.