Economic performance evaluation of Brangus and Nellore cattle breed naturally infested with Rhipicephalus microplus in an extensive production system in Central-West Brazil.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of Brangus and Nellore cattle in an extensive production system. Sixty growing bulls, 30 of the Brangus and 30 of the Nellore breeds that were naturally infested with Rhipicephalus microplus were subdivided into four groups: control Nellore (15 animals), treated Nellore (15), control Brangus (15), and treated Brangus (15). The animals in the treated groups underwent acaricidal treatments for 1 year. Tick counts, acaricidal treatments and animal weighing were performed every 18 days, and the costs of acaricidal, anti-myiasis, and preventive treatments for tick fever were recorded for cost evaluation. The treated Brangus and Nellore groups did not show a significant difference in weight gain, whereas Nellore weight gain was superior in the control groups. The cost of acaricidal treatment throughout the experimental period was $494 US. The costs of the preventive treatment for tick fever and myiasis were $98 US and $15 US, respectively. The highest rates of tick infestation were found in the control group of the Brangus animals, which served as the basis for the suggested implementation of a strategic control program for animals in the growth phase. Nellore animals showed low rates of infestation. Under the conditions of this study, the Nellore animals were more efficient than the Brangus animals because they achieved satisfactory weight gain, similar to the Brangus, and a low tick count even in the control group. This finding demonstrates that expenses related to the acaricidal, anti-myiasis and tick fever treatments are unnecessary in Nellore cattle, making these animals more profitable.

Serological study on toxoplasmosis in the Haliti-Paresí community of the Utiariti indigenous territory, Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Toxoplasma gondii is the etiological agent of toxoplasmosis, a widespread zoonosis that affects several homeothermic animals, including humans. This disease causes serious health problems, such that 10% of infected individuals develop clinical manifestations. Some studies on indigenous human populations have indicated variations in seroprevalence from 10.6% to 80.4% in such populations in different regions of Brazil and in other countries like Venezuela and Malaysia. To date, there have been no studies regarding the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in Haliti-Paresí Indians living in Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Our objective here was to determine the frequency of occurrence of antibodies against this protozoon in nine Haliti-Paresí villages by correlating seroprevalence with locations and variables. Serodiagnoses were made using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis and Other Protozoan Diseases of IOC/Fiocruz. It was considered that samples tested positive for T. gondii infection if IgG/IgM antibodies against this protozoon were detected through serodiagnosis using either IFAT or ELISA. Among the 293 samples analyzed, 66.9% presented anti-T. gondii IgG and 3.4% presented anti-T. gondii IgM. It was observed that there were no statistically significant differences in frequency of antibody occurrence among infected individuals, based on sex, schooling or occupation/activities. However, there were statistical differences based on age and villages. The prevalence observed in this study is in agreement with values found in other studies on indigenous populations in Latin America. Like among other such populations, the Haliti-Paresí villages are located close to forests and the individuals have domestic cats as pets, are involved in hunting and farming and consume water directly from water accumulation sources. These factors might cause exposure to T. gondii tissue cysts and oocysts.

Cnidários do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil / Cnidarians of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

In this work it was a survey about the knowledge of the cnidarians in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, and its studies possibilities for this group.(AU)

Neste trabalho foi levantado o conhecimento atual sobre os cnidários do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, e as possibilidades de estudos para este grupo.(AU)

Cnidários do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

ABSTRACT In this work it was a survey about the knowledge of the cnidarians in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, and its studies possibilities for this group.

RESUMO Neste trabalho foi levantado o conhecimento atual sobre os cnidários do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, e as possibilidades de estudos para este grupo.

Cnidários do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil / Cnidarians of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

In this work it was a survey about the knowledge of the cnidarians in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, and its studies possibilities for this group.

Neste trabalho foi levantado o conhecimento atual sobre os cnidários do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, e as possibilidades de estudos para este grupo.

An annotated checklist of the Arcella (Arcellidae) from littoral zone of Paranoá lake-Brazil, with a pictorial key / Checklist comentada de Arcella (Arcellidae) da região litorânea do lago Paranoá, Brasil, com uma chave pictórica

The pictorial key contributes to taxonomic analysis, as it lists the species found in a given environment, and points out the morphological characteristics that differs one specific taxon from the others. Arcellidae Ehrenberg, 1830 is one of the testate amoebae families with highest representativity in terms of richness and abundance, including three genera, that Arcella shows greater dispersion in different types of aquatic biotopes. The zooplankton community in the Paranoá Lake has been extensively studied over the decades. However, there are no studies on testate amoebae in this environment. The study aimed to develop a pictorial key to help in the identification of Arcella in the Paranoá Lake. Samples were taken with plankton net at 13 sites in the littoral zone of the lake. The elaboration of the key was based on morphological characteristics of the shell and pseudostoma of the individuals. There were identified 23 taxa, 16 species and seven subspecies. Two species with low incidence in Brazil were recorded (Arcella catinus and Arcella rota). The species richness was higher than the records published to date in Brazil, thus demonstrating the relevance of the data and the applicability of this pictorial key in other studies both in the Paranoá Lake, as in other regions.

A chave pictórica apresenta -se como uma ferramenta que contribui para análise taxonômica, pois além de apresentar uma listagem de espécies encontradas em determinado ambiente, pontua os caracteres morfológicos que difere um táxon específico dos demais. Arcellidae Ehrenberg, 1830 é considerada uma das famílias de amebas testáceas com maior representatividade em termos de riqueza e abundância, abrangendo três gêneros, dos quais, Arcella apresenta maior distribuição em diferentes tipos de biótopos aquáticos. O lago Paranoá tem sido foco de diversos trabalhos sobre a comunidade zooplanctônica. Entretanto, não há publicações com as amebas testáceas naquele ambiente. O presente estudo objetivou elaborar uma chave pictórica para auxiliar na identificação de Arcella para o lago Paranoá. Foram coletadas amostras em 13 pontos da região litorânea do lago, com rede de plâncton. A construção da chave baseou-se em características morfológicas da carapaça e do pseudostoma dos organismos. Foram identificados 23 táxons, 16 espécies e sete subespécies. Observou-se o registro de espécies com pouca incidência no Brasil (Arcella catinus e Arcella rota). A riqueza foi superior aos registros publicados até o momento para o Brasil, evidenciando, assim, a relevância dos dados encontrados e a aplicabilidade desta chave pictórica em outros estudos tanto no lago Paranoá, como em outras regiões.

Paracoccidioidomicose no Hospital Universitário de Brasília / Paracoccidioidomycosis at Brasilia’s University Hospital

Foram estudados 76 pacientes com paracoccidioidomicose, assistidos no Hospital Universitário de Brasília, entre 1984 e 2005. O gênero masculino representou 82,9 por cento e a média de idade foi 42 anos. Atividades agropecuárias caracterizaram 54,9 por cento dos pacientes. Entre pacientes com a forma crônica, 87 por cento eram tabagistas e 55,3 por cento etilistas. Em 71 pacientes sem co-infecção por HIV/aids: a) houve recidiva da paracoccidioidomicose em 21 (29,6 por cento); b) a forma crônica ou mista acometeu 77,5 por cento dos pacientes, com predominância de comprometimento orofaríngeo (70,9 por cento) e pulmonar (67,3 por cento), além de lesões linfonodais (29,8 por cento), laríngeas (27,3 por cento) e cutâneas (16,4 por cento); c) na forma aguda/subaguda, predominou o comprometimento linfonodal (81,3 por cento), seguido por lesões cutâneas (43,8 por cento), resultando doença grave em 62,5 por cento e moderada em 37,5 por cento. Cinco pacientes tinham co-infecção por HIV/aids, dos quais três tiveram a infecção fúngica disseminada associada a acentuada imunodepressão.

Seventy-six paracoccidioidomycosis patients attended at the university hospital of Brasília from 1984 to 2005 were studied. 82.9 percent were male and the mean age was 42 years. 54.9 percent of the patients were engaged in farming activities. Among the patients with the chronic form, 87 percent were smokers and 55.3 percent consumed alcohol. Among 71 patients without HIV/AIDS coinfection: a) paracoccidioidomycosis was recurrent in 21 (29.6 percent); b) the chronic or mixed form affected 77.5 percent of patients, predominantly in the oropharynx (70.9 percent) and lungs (67.3 percent), with lymph node lesions in 29.8 percent, laryngeal lesions in 27.3 percent and cutaneous lesions in 16.4 percent; c) in the acute/subacute form, lymph node lesions predominated (81.3 percent), followed by cutaneous lesions in 43.8 percent, which resulted in severe disease in 62.5 percent and moderate disease in 37.5 percent. Five patients had HIV/AIDS coinfection and three of them presented disseminated fungal infection together with marked immunosuppression.