Advancing nursing education in Brazil: A systematic literature review of curricular evolution and emerging challenges.

OBJECTIVE: This study assesses changes and challenges within the nursing curriculum in the Brazilian context, focusing on addressing contemporary professional and societal demands. DESIGN: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to identify and analyze the changes in Brazil's nursing curricula over time. DATA SOURCES: Articles published between 1987 and 2023 were selected from Scopus and Web of Science databases for the systematic review. REVIEW METHODS: A hybrid review approach was employed, integrating Systematic Literature Review (SLR), Bibliometrics, and metanarrative. The study adhered to the SPAR-4-SLR (Scientific Procedures and Rationale for Systematic Literature Reviews) protocol, involving three main stages: (i) aggregation, (ii) organization, and (iii) evaluation. The analysis primarily focused on identifying emerging trends and evaluating curricular changes over the specified timeframe. RESULTS: Analysis of the selected literature identified four principal thematic groups that emerged during the review period: (i) longitudinal curriculum assessment, (ii) biological and health sciences, (iii) human and social sciences, and (iv) nursing sciences. Noteworthy trends included the integration of emerging topics like mental health and care for victims of violence, coupled with a notable increase in emphasis on transformative and competency-based education. Nevertheless, significant gaps were observed in the existing literature, particularly concerning the absence of perspectives from students and recent graduates and limited research on vulnerabilities within the curriculum structure. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the imperative for flexible and adaptable nursing curricula that effectively address Brazil's diverse regional and social realities. It emphasizes the significance of adopting a holistic and inclusive approach to nursing education, preparing professionals to confront contemporary health challenges in a nation characterized by extensive cultural diversity and vast geographical dimensions. Further research and input from students and recent graduates are indispensable to rectify the gaps and ensure the continuous evolution of nursing education in Brazil.

Digitalización de la comunicación y atención a personas LGBTIQ+: dos conflictos éticos emergentes para la Psicología en la Atención Primaria de Salud chilena / Digitalització de la comunicació i atenció a persones LGBTIQ+: dos conflictes ètics emergents per a la psicologia en l'Atenció Primària de Salut xilena / Digitalization of communication and attention to LGBTIQ+ people: Two emerging ethical conflicts for psychology in Chilean Primary Health Care

El artículo analiza los conflictos éticos detectados por Psicólogas/os en la Atención Primaria de Salud en Chile, centrando la descripción y análisis en los percibidos como emergentes, a través de un estudio cualitativo, tipo exploratorio-descriptivo. Dos fueron los principales conflictos identificados: a) resguardo de información sensible en ficha clínica electrónica y b) atención a personas LGBTIQ+ sin capacitación correspondiente. El estudio transparenta la importancia de visibilizar demandas incipientesen salud pública a través de las perspectivas de los propios profesionales, dotándoles de notoriedad para avanzar en su priorización y resolución. Explorar la dimensión ética es relevante para el ejercicio de la psicología contemporánea, porque da cuenta de las necesidades de la sociedad, permitiendo incluso anticiparse a ellas.(AU)

L'article analitza els conflictes ètics detectats pels psicòlegs en l'Atenció Primària de Salut a Xile, centrant-se en la descripció i anàlisi dels que es perceben com a emergents mitjançant un estudi qualitatiu de tipus exploratori-descriptiu. Es van identificar dos conflictes principals: a) la protecció de la informació sensible en els registres clínics electrònics i b) l'atenció a persones LGBTIQ+ sense la formació adequada. L'estudi destaca la importància de fer visibles les demandes incipients en la salut pública a través de les perspectives dels mateixos professionals, donant-los rellevància per avançar en la seva prioritat i resolució. Explorar la dimensió ètica és rellevant per a l'exercici de la psicologia contemporània, ja que reflecteix les necessitats de la societat, fins i tot permetent anticipar-se a elles.(AU)

The article analyzesthe ethical conflicts detected by psychologists in Primary Health Care in Chile, centering the description and analysis on those perceived as emerging, through an exploratory-descriptive qualitative study. There were two main conflicts identified: a) safeguarding of sensitive information in electronic clinical records and b) healthcare for LGBTIQ+ persons without the corresponding qualification. The study illustrates the importance of highlighting developing demands in public healthcare through the perspectives of the professionals themselves, providing the demands with notoriety in order to advance in their prioritization and resolution. Exploring the ethical dimension is relevant for contemporary psychology practice because it accounts for the needs of society, even making it possible to anticipate them.(AU)

History of schistosomiasis epidemiology, current status, and challenges in China: on the road to schistosomiasis elimination.

Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne disease caused by worms of the genus Schistosoma. Worldwide, human schistosomiasis remains a serious public health problem, threatening ∼800 million people in 78 countries with a loss of 70 million disability-adjusted life years. Schistosoma japonicum is the only human blood fluke that occurs in China. As one of the countries suffering greatly from schistosomiasis, over the past 65 years, China has made great strides in controlling schistosomiasis, blocking the transmission of S. japonicum in five provinces, remarkably reducing transmission intensities in the other seven endemic provinces, and China is currently preparing to move toward the elimination of this disease before 2025. However, while on the road to schistosomiasis elimination, emerging challenges merit attention, including severe advanced cases, increased movements of population and livestock, large-area distribution of intermediate host snails, limitations of new drug developments and no vaccine available, as well as imported schistosomiasis and its potential risk.