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Objetivo: O presente estudo busca descrever o relato de experiência do clube de leitura "Por uma Prescrição Segura" de estudantes de medicina como estratégia para desenvolver habilidades de pesquisa na literatura científica e estudo crítico de evidências, focando em uma prescrição segura. Método: Desenvolveu-se o clube de leitura com nove estudantes de medicina, os quais participaram de reuniões dirigidas por líder estudantil e uma professora. As reuniões ocorreram quinzenalmente, ao vivo, via Google Meet. Os estudantes desenvolveram questões sobre diferentes temas, pesquisaram a literatura, localizaram e estudaram criticamente os artigos. Resultados: os dados revelaram a participação dos estudantes no Clube de Leitura nas reuniões planejadas coletivamente e com os temas: "Medicina Baseada em Evidências"; "Revisão Integrativa"; "Segurança da prescrição, paciente e medicamento"; "Polifarmácia"; "Resistência aos antimicrobianos"; "Prescrição de psicofármacos"; "Incorporação de tecnologias"; "Práticas integrativas e complementares, Cuidados paliativos". Conclusão: O clube de leitura proporcionou o desenvolvimento do trabalho acadêmico de pesquisa e estudo da literatura científica sobre prescrição segura. Além disso, trouxe compreensão dos conceitos e modelos de práticas de medicina baseada em evidência no estágio pré-clínico. Foi uma estratégia-modelo liderada por estudante e orientada pela professora com resultado favorável para integrar as atividades curriculares.
Objective: The present study seeks to describe the experience report of the medical students' jornal club "For a Sefety Prescription" as strategy to develop skills on searching in cientific literature and critically study of the evidences, focusing on safe prescription. Method: The journal club was developed with nine medical students, who participated in meetings led by a student leader and a teacher. The meetings ocorred biweekly, live, via Google Meet. The students developed questions on different topics, searched the literature, located and critically studied the articles. Results: the data revealed the participation of students in the jornal club in meetings planned collectively and with the themes: "Evidence-Based Medicine"; "Integrative Review"; "Prescription, patient and medication safety"; "Polypharmacy"; "Antimicrobial resistance"; "Prescription of psychotropic drugs"; "Incorporation of technologies"; "Integrative and complementary practices, Palliative care". Conclusion: The article-centered journal club provided the development of academic work on research and study of the scientific literature on safe prescribing. In addition, broght understanding of the concepts and models of evidence-based medicine practices in the preclinical stage. It is a student-led and teacher-led model strategy with favorable outcome for integrating curricular activities.
Objetivo: El presente estudio describe el relato de experiencia del club de lectura de estudiantes de medicina como una estrategia para desarrollar habilidades de investigacion en la literatura cientifica y estudio critico de la evidencia, con enfoque en la prescripción segura. Método: se desarrolló un club de lectura con nueve estudiantes de medicina que participaron en reuniones dirigidas por un líder estudiantil y un maestro. Las reuniones se realizaron quincenalmente, en vivo, a través de Google Meet. Los estudiantes desarrollaron preguntas sobre diferentes temas, investigaron la literatura, localizaron y estudiaron críticamente los artículos. Resultados: los datos revelaron la participación de los estudiantes del club de lectura en encuentros planificados colectivamente y con los temas: "Medicina Basada en la Evidencia"; "Revisión Integrativa"; "Seguridad de la prescripción, del paciente y de los medicamentos"; "Polifarmacia"; "Resistencia antimicrobiana"; "Prescripción de psicofármacos"; "Incorporación de tecnologías"; "Prácticas integradoras y complementarias, cuidados paliativos". Conclusión: El club de lectura centrado en el artículo proporcionó el trabajo académico de investigar y estudiar la literatura científica sobre la prescripción segura. Además, comprensión de los conceptos y modelos de las prácticas de la medicina basada en la evidencia en la etapa preclínica. Es una estrategia modelo dirigida por el estudiante y el docente con resultados favorables para la integración de actividades curriculares.
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The 2022 revision of the Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education by the Japan Society for Medical Education was based on several data sets including academic papers and survey results. It is recommended that the formation of a team consisting of diverse attributes, sufficient discussion using a web conference system, smooth communication between the government and academic societies, and dialogue with organizations related to medical education be continued in the next revision. On the other hand, collaboration and communication with academic societies in specialized fields is an issue for the future. Although the revised Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education is the product of the collective wisdom of experts in medical education in Japan in the early 2020s, it is by no means a legal mandate imposed by the state, nor does it force faculty members of each university to follow it blindly. We hope that those involved in medical education will use this Model Core Curriculum, which was prepared with an eye to society 20 years from now, as a reference guide, and at the same time, we hope that those involved in education in the field will implement the updated guidelines while sometimes questioning them.
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La educación médica basada en evidencia ha proporcionado los estándares para fundamentar la práctica docente. En la medida que los profesores tomen decisiones educativas basadas en evidencia, se lograrán mejores resultados de aprendizaje en los estudiantes y esto se traducirá en que los nuevos profesionales, brinden una atención de salud de calidad a las personas. También es importante incorporar en este proceso de toma de decisiones basados en evidencia, a las ciencias de la salud, ya que este hecho favorecerá el tra-bajo colaborativo e interdisciplinar, por consiguiente, se favorecerá la salud de la comunidad. El propósito de este artículo es analizar las perspectivas de la educación médica y de las ciencias de la salud y plantear los desafíos actuales y futuros de esta.
Evidence based medical education has provided the standards to inform teaching practice. To the extent that teachers make educational decisions based on evidence, better learning results will be achieved in students and this will translate into new professionals providing quality health care to people. It is also important to incorporate health sciences into this evidence-based decision-making process, since this fact will favor collaborative and interdisciplinary work, therefore, the health of the community will be favored. The purpose of this article is to analyze the perspectives of medical education and the health sciences and to present the current and future challenges of this.
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Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Educação , Educação Médica , Ciências da Saúde , PesquisaRESUMO
Along with the continued exponential growth of information and treatment options, healthcare practitioners must now deal with increasing documentation requirements, varying data systems, altering health plans, rising patient expectations, loss of autonomy, and demands to decrease costs while increasing revenue. Add to the complexity, the need to transform coursework and clinical experiences to address the constraints presented by COVID-19 can quickly overwhelm medical educators. Given such prodigious challenges, educational specialists with a solid understanding of learning research and theory, instructional design, and emerging technology can play a vital role in designing engaging learning experiences. In this plenary session, Dr. Atsusi "2c" Hirumi illuminated 10 ways an instructional designer may help health science educators unlock the potential of the new normal based on his experience working with professionals in medical, healthcare, aviation, sports, and hospitality industries as well as faculty, staff, and administrators in K12 and higher education across five continents.
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PURPOSE: At graduation from medical school, competency in otoscopy is often insufficient. Simulation-based training can be used to improve technical skills, but the suitability of the training model and assessment must be supported by validity evidence. The purpose of this study was to collect content validity evidence for a simulation-based test of handheld otoscopy skills. METHODS: First, a three-round Delphi study was conducted with a panel of nine clinical teachers in otorhinolaryngology (ORL) to determine the content requirements in our educational context. Next, the authenticity of relevant cases in a commercially available technology-enhanced simulator (Earsi, VR Magic, Germany) was evaluated by specialists in ORL. Finally, an integrated course was developed for the simulator based on these results. RESULTS: The Delphi study resulted in nine essential diagnoses of normal variations and pathologies that all junior doctors should be able to diagnose with a handheld otoscope. Twelve out of 15 tested simulator cases were correctly recognized by at least one ORL specialist. Fifteen cases from the simulator case library matched the essential diagnoses determined by the Delphi study and were integrated into the course. CONCLUSION: Content validity evidence for a simulation-based test of handheld otoscopy skills was collected. This informed a simulation-based course that can be used for undergraduate training. The course needs to be further investigated in relation to other aspects of validity and for future self-directed training.
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Competência Clínica , Treinamento por Simulação , Simulação por Computador , Alemanha , Humanos , OtoscopiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to design and validate a cross-specialty basic robotic surgical skills training program on the RobotiX Mentor virtual reality simulator. METHODS: A Delphi panel reached consensus on six modules to include in the training program. Validity evidence was collected according to Messick's framework with three performances in each simulator module by 11 experienced robotic surgeons and 11 residents without robotic surgical experience. RESULTS: For five of the six modules, a compound metrics-based score could significantly discriminate between the performances of novices and experienced robotic surgeons. Pass/fail levels were established, resulting in very few novices passing in their first attempt. CONCLUSIONS: This validated course can be used for structured simulation-based basic robotic surgical skills training within a mastery learning framework where the individual trainee can practice each module until they achieve proficiency and can continue training on other modalities and more specific to their specialty.
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Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos , Treinamento por Simulação , Cirurgiões , Realidade Virtual , Competência Clínica , Simulação por Computador , HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Handheld otoscopy requires both technical and diagnostic skills, and is often reported to be insufficient after medical training. We aimed to develop and gather validity evidence for an assessment tool for handheld otoscopy using contemporary medical educational standards. STUDY DESIGN: Educational study. SETTING: University/teaching hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A structured Delphi methodology was used to develop the assessment tool: nine key opinion leaders (otologists) in undergraduate training of otoscopy iteratively achieved consensus on the content. Next, validity evidence was gathered by the videotaped assessment of two handheld otoscopy performances of 15 medical students (novices) and 11 specialists in otorhinolaryngology using two raters. Standard setting (pass/fail criteria) was explored using the contrasting groups and Angoff methods. RESULTS: The developed Copenhagen Assessment Tool of Handheld Otoscopy Skills (CATHOS) consists 10 items rated using a 5-point Likert scale with descriptive anchors. Validity evidence was collected and structured according to Messick's framework: for example the CATHOS had excellent discriminative validity (mean difference in performance between novices and experts 20.4 out of 50 points, P < .001); and high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.94). Finally, a pass/fail score was established at 30 points for medical students and 42 points for specialists in ORL. CONCLUSION: We have developed and gathered validity evidence for an assessment tool of technical skills of handheld otoscopy and set standards of performance. Standardized assessment allows for individualized learning to the level of proficiency and could be implemented in under- and postgraduate handheld otoscopy training curricula, and is also useful in evaluating training interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: NA.
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Competência Clínica , Educação de Graduação em Medicina , Otolaringologia/educação , Otoscopia/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Técnica Delphi , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Competency-based surgical training involves progressive autonomy given to the trainee. This requires systematic and evidence-based assessment with well-defined standards of proficiency. The objective of this study is to develop standards for the cross-institutional mastoidectomy assessment tool to inform decisions regarding whether a resident demonstrates sufficient skill to perform a mastoidectomy with or without supervision. METHODS: A panel of fellowship-trained content experts in mastoidectomy was surveyed in relation to the 16 items of the assessment tool to determine the skills needed for supervised and unsupervised surgery. We examined the consensus score to investigate the degree of agreement among respondents for each survey item as well as additional analyses to determine whether the reported skill level required for each survey item was significantly different for the supervised versus unsupervised level. RESULTS: Ten panelists representing different US training programs responded. There was considerable consensus on cut-off scores for each item and trainee level between panelists, with moderate (0.62) to very high (0.95) consensus scores depending on assessment item. Further analyses demonstrated that the difference between supervised and unsupervised skill levels was significantly meaningful for all items. Finally, minimum-passing scores for each item was established. CONCLUSION: We defined performance standards for the cross-institutional mastoidectomy assessment tool using the Angoff method. These cut-off scores that can be used to determine when trainees can progress from performance under supervision to performance without supervision. This can be used to guide training in a competency-based training curriculum.
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Avaliação Educacional/métodos , Mastoidectomia , Otolaringologia/educação , Competência Clínica , Currículo , Educação/métodos , Educação/normas , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Medicina/métodos , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Medicina/organização & administração , Humanos , Mastoidectomia/educação , Mastoidectomia/métodos , Mastoidectomia/normas , Organização e Administração , Otolaringologia/normas , Treinamento por Simulação/métodos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Medical Education Journal Club is an evidence-based approach to teach and learn critical appraisal techniques on available literature. This study evaluates the implementation and experience of two academic years of Journal club at Medical Education Department, King Saud University. METHODS: We started JC in 2015 at medical education department, KSU. An invitation with a published paper and event poster were sent 2 weeks prior of the session to participants. A traditional one-group posttest design with open item survey were conducted at the end of every session. RESULTS: A total of 12 sessions were conducted in total. The average attendance of 26 (Male: 42/79, 53.1%) and (Female: 31/79, 39.2%) with mix of professors, associate and assistant professors. The MEJC had a positive effect on participant's session expectations (45/79, 92.4%), and had increased their knowledge of the field (73/79, 92.4%). It was observed that the attendance of event depends on the speaker for the event. The sessions have also arisen the need of trainings and other scientific activities. CONCLUSIONS: MEJC is an educational activity that can play important aspect in providing high quality healthcare teachings. We conclude that the success and consistency of MEJC depends on speaker. It commensurate the audience interest to attend and learn. While proper advertisement of event, and regular attendance also plays a vital role in this regard.
