Productive, physiological and behavioral sheep profiles housed on facilities with different roofs in the Amazon region

The Brazilian Amazon region is characterized by high rainfall, with high temperatures and relative humidity, where sheep are raised in extensive and semi-intensive systems and some regions. This work aimed to evaluate the climatic indices of sheepfolds in the Amazon region, the productive performance, and physiological variables of Santa Inês sheep confined in sheepfolds with fiber cement (FC) and polyvinyl chloride (PC) tiles. Twenty castrated males of Santa Inês sheep were used, with a mean age of 1.5±0.2 years old and a live weight of 23±2.1 kg. The statistical design used was a completely randomized design with two roofs (FC and PC). The temperature, relative humidity of the air, temperature index of the black globe, and thermal radiation load was above the comfort zone for sheep, being higher (P < 0.05) in the sheepfold with PVC tile than FC, which contributed to the increase in respiratory rate, as a way to maintain the animals' homeotherm. Furthermore, sheep installed in the sheepfold with FC tile showed the highest weight gain, spent more time feeding, increased feeding efficiency, dry matter and fiber intake, reducing daily water intake.

Photocatalytic degradation of H2S in the gas-phase using a continuous flow reactor coated with TiO2-based acrylic paint.

For the photocatalytic degradation of the hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in the gas-phase it was developed a rectangular reactor, coated with acrylic paint supported on fiber cement material. The surface formed by the paint coverage was characterized structural and morphologically by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction analysis. The flow rate and the inlet concentration of H2S were evaluated as operational performance parameters of the reactor. Removal efficiencies of up to 94% were obtained at a flow rate of 2 L min-1 (residence time of 115 s) and inlet concentration of 31 ppm of H2S. In addition, the H2S degradation kinetics was modelled according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) model for the inlet concentrations of 8-23 ppm of H2S. The results suggest that flow rate has a more important influence on photocatalytic degradation than the inlet concentration. It is assumed that H2S has been oxidized to SO42- , a condition that led to a deactivation of the photocatalyst after 193 min of semi-continuous use.

Effect of roof painting of aviaries on thermal comfort, productive performance and physiological variables of broilers chickens / Efeito da pintura de telhado de aviários no conforto térmico, desempenho produtivo e variáveis fisiológicas de frangos de corte

The objective this study was to evaluate the thermal comfort, performance and the physiological variables of 21-42 day of age broiler chickens housed in aviaries with painted and not painted fiber cement roof. A completely randomized design was used in a split-plot design where the plots were composed of the sheds (painted and not painted roof) and the subplots were the evaluation hours (6h00, 9h00, 12h00, 15h00 and 18h00) for a 22-day data collection, considered as the replicates. It was observed that the external painting in white of the roof provided improvements inside the shed for airtemperature (Ta), roof temperature (Tr) and the thermal load of radiation (TLR). The relative humidity (RH) and the Globe-Temperature-Humidity-Index (GTHI) varied only according to the collection times. The exterior painting of the roof had no effect on the physiological variables of the broilers. Productivity performance indexes and financial compensation per lot were better for the roof painted shed. As a result, fiber cement roof painted in white is recommended in aviaries located in hot climates, such as the region in this study.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o conforto térmico, o desempenho e as variáveis fisiológicas de frangos de corte alojados em aviários com e sem pintura de telhados de fibrocimento, no período de 21 a 42 dias de idade. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo com parcela subdividida, onde as parcelas foram compostas pelos galpões (com e sem pintura de telhado) e as subparcelas os horários de avaliação (6, 9, 12, 15 e 18h) ao longo de 22 dias de coleta de dados, considerados como repetição. Observou-se que a pintura externa do telhado na cor branca, proporcionou melhorias no interior do galpão para a temperatura ambiente (Ta), temperatura de telhado (Tt) e na carga térmica de radiação (CTR). A umidade relativa (UR) e o índice de temperatura de globo negro e umidade (ITGU) variaram apenas em função dos horários de coleta. Não houve efeito da pintura externa do telhado nas variáveis fisiológicas das aves. Os índices de desempenho produtivo e a remuneração financeira por lote foram melhores para o galpão com pintura de telhado. Assim, recomenda-se a pintura externa em telhados de fibrocimento, na cor branca, em aviários localizados em ambientes de clima quente, como a região em estudo.(AU)

Effect of roof painting of aviaries on thermal comfort, productive performance and physiological variables of broilers chickens / Efeito da pintura de telhado de aviários no conforto térmico, desempenho produtivo e variáveis fisiológicas de frangos de corte

The objective this study was to evaluate the thermal comfort, performance and the physiological variables of 21-42 day of age broiler chickens housed in aviaries with painted and not painted fiber cement roof. A completely randomized design was used in a split-plot design where the plots were composed of the sheds (painted and not painted roof) and the subplots were the evaluation hours (6h00, 9h00, 12h00, 15h00 and 18h00) for a 22-day data collection, considered as the replicates. It was observed that the external painting in white of the roof provided improvements inside the shed for airtemperature (Ta), roof temperature (Tr) and the thermal load of radiation (TLR). The relative humidity (RH) and the Globe-Temperature-Humidity-Index (GTHI) varied only according to the collection times. The exterior painting of the roof had no effect on the physiological variables of the broilers. Productivity performance indexes and financial compensation per lot were better for the roof painted shed. As a result, fiber cement roof painted in white is recommended in aviaries located in hot climates, such as the region in this study.

Objetivou-se avaliar o conforto térmico, o desempenho e as variáveis fisiológicas de frangos de corte alojados em aviários com e sem pintura de telhados de fibrocimento, no período de 21 a 42 dias de idade. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo com parcela subdividida, onde as parcelas foram compostas pelos galpões (com e sem pintura de telhado) e as subparcelas os horários de avaliação (6, 9, 12, 15 e 18h) ao longo de 22 dias de coleta de dados, considerados como repetição. Observou-se que a pintura externa do telhado na cor branca, proporcionou melhorias no interior do galpão para a temperatura ambiente (Ta), temperatura de telhado (Tt) e na carga térmica de radiação (CTR). A umidade relativa (UR) e o índice de temperatura de globo negro e umidade (ITGU) variaram apenas em função dos horários de coleta. Não houve efeito da pintura externa do telhado nas variáveis fisiológicas das aves. Os índices de desempenho produtivo e a remuneração financeira por lote foram melhores para o galpão com pintura de telhado. Assim, recomenda-se a pintura externa em telhados de fibrocimento, na cor branca, em aviários localizados em ambientes de clima quente, como a região em estudo.