Evaluación radio-anatómica del receso del seno frontal en población colombiana / Radio-anatomic evaluation of the frontal sinus recess in colombian population

Objetivos: La cirugía endoscópica del seno frontal es quizá uno de los procedimientos más complejos en el manejo endoscópico de los senos paranasales debido a su localización y a las múltiples variantes anatómicas que pueden encontrarse durante su disección. Es indispensable conocer al detalle la anatomía quirúrgica de esta región en nuestra población, para optimizar la planeación quirúrgica de los pacientes. Actualmente en nuestro país se desconoce la frecuencia de estas variaciones. El objetivo del proyecto es evaluar la frecuencia de las variables anatómicas del seno frontal y realizar un estudio radio-anatómico en una muestra de pacientes en Colombia. Diseño del estudio: Observacional, descriptivo de tipo transversal. Métodos: Muestra aleatorizada de 406 tomografías computarizadas de senos paranasales que incluyeron 812 senos frontales recolectados durante el año 2018 Resultados: La celdilla suprabular fue la más comúnmente reportada con una frecuencia de 59.61%. La segunda celdilla fue la supra agger nasi con una frecuencia de 57.88%, seguido de la celdilla supra agger frontal (25.12%), celdilla suprabular frontal (22.17%), celdillas supraorbitarias (34.98%) y las celdilla frontal intersinusal (24,14%). La arteria etmoidal anterior se reportó colgante en un 31.28% y el diámetro AP más frecuente fue entre 5 -10 milímetros. Conclusiones: Para realizar una sinusotomía frontal endoscópica de forma adecuada es necesario conocer al detalle la anatomía del receso del seno frontal. Las diferentes variantes radio-anatómicas son muy frecuentes en el grupo poblacional estudiado. Creemos que este trabajo permitirá a los cirujanos un mejor entendimiento de esta región de difícil acceso quirúrgico en nuestra población. Palabras clave: Seno frontal, senos paranasales, seno clasificación frontal, cirugia endoscopica nasosinusal

Objectives: Endoscopic frontal sinus surgery is perhaps, one of the most complex procedures in the endoscopic sinus surgery, due to its anatomical location and the multiple anatomical variants that can be found. It is essential to know in detail the anatomy of this region in order to obtain a better understanding for the surgical planning. Currently, the frequency of these anatomical variations remains unknown in our country. Therefore, the objective of the study is to evaluate the frequency of the anatomical variants of the frontal sinus and to carry out a radio-anatomic study in a sample of patients from Colombia. Study design: Observational, cross-sectional descriptive. Methods: Randomized sample of 406 CT scan of the paranasal sinuses that included 812 frontal sinuses collected during the year 2018. Results: The supra bulla cell was the most frequently reported with a frequency of 59.61%. The second cell was the supra agger (57.88%) followed by supra agger frontal cell (25.12%), supra bulla frontal cell (22.17%), supraorbital ethmoid cells (34,98%) and frontal septal cell (24,14%) . The anterior ethmoidal artery was found hanging in 31.28% and the most frequent AP diameter was between 5 -10 mm. Conclusions: To perform an appropriate endoscopic frontal sinusotomy, it is necessary to know in detail the anatomy of the frontal sinus recess. The different radio-anatomical variants of the frontal sinus are very frequent in the population group studied. We believe that this study will allow surgeons to obtain a better understanding of this anatomical region of difficult surgical access.

The International Classification of the radiological Complexity (ICC) of frontal recess and frontal sinus.

BACKGROUND: The frontal sinus is considered the most challenging sinus to address surgically. There are no current classifications of the degree of surgical complexity of different frontal sinus configurations. The aim of this study is to develop a classification system of the degree of complexity of frontal recess surgery based on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. METHODS: Authors were asked to submit a classification system. These were circulated to all authors. Selection of the final 3 classifications was based on a majority consensus. These classifications were compared further for time-taken, ease-of-use, and interrater agreement. These were assessed by the authors on 10 CT scans representing a range of anticipated surgical difficulty. RESULTS: Out of 3 compared classifications, classification A was the quickest to score (1.44 minutes vs 1.57 minutes and 2.25 minutes), subjectively easiest (3.23 vs 4.07 and 5 on a visual analogue scale [VAS]), and had a moderate interrater agreement (0.52 vs 0.42 and 0.79). In addition, the grading of complexity was as good whether measurements were taken on the CT scans or whether size of the frontal ostium was visually estimated. CONCLUSION: We propose a fast, easy classification to anticipate the complexity of surgery in the frontal sinus and recess, for patients undergoing primary surgery.