Metastatic vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in a mare

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common cutaneous neoplasm in horses, which mainly affects the external genitalia, oral cavity, and periocular region. The development of SCC metastases is rare in these animals, and the most common occurrence is a marked local infiltration. Exposure to ultraviolet rays and skin depigmentation are the main etiological factors of SCC. Definitive diagnosis of the neoplasm is performed through histological examination of lesions. The present report describes the clinical, anatomopathological, and immunohistochemical (IHC) aspects of a case of metastatic SCC, with the vulva as the primary site in a mare. Case: A 17-year-old mare, mixed breed, was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), with history of areas of depigmented skin (pinto coat), and clinical history of anorexia, frequent episodes of colic, and recumbency. During clinical evaluation, heart rate (68 bpm), rectal temperature (38.4ºC), and respiratory rate (48 mpm) were elevated, and the oral mucosa was pale. The mare also had an ulcerated tumor mass involving the vulva, which extended to the inguinal region and involved the mammary gland. A cytological aspirate of the vulvar tumor was performed, in which no neoplastic cells were found. Next, a biopsy of 2 distinct areas of the vulva was performed. The material was sent for anatomopathological examination, which showed markedly pleomorphic malignant squamous cells, with individual keratinization and high mitotic index, organized in trabeculae with rare keratin pearl-like formations. The exam allowed the diagnosis of SCC Grade II. Due to the poor prognosis and high cost of treatment, the owner consented to euthanasia and necropsy examination. During necropsy, the vulvar tumor mass was grayish, firm to hard, infiltrative, and had friable areas. Tumor foci suggestive of metastasis were also observed in inguinal, mesenteric, mediastinal and renal lymph nodes, adrenal glands, lung, pericardium, medullary canal, intercostal muscles, right 15th rib, and tissue surrounding the azygos vein. Samples from all organs were collected for anatomopathological examination. Diagnosis of metastatic vulvar SCC was confirmed through histological and IHC studies, which evaluated the expression of cytokeratins (AE1/ AE3), as well as the proliferative activity of neoplastic cells through the PCNA marker. Discussion: The diagnosis of metastatic SCC was obtained through the observed clinical, necroscopic, histological, and IHC characteristics. This neoplasm usually appears in depigmented regions exposed to ultraviolet light, and older animals are more likely to be affected. The mare in the present case had areas of depigmented skin (pinto coat). The animal was kept in a paddock outdoor and exposed to constant solar radiation. Although rare in horses, manifestation of anorexia, progressive weight loss, and frequent colic episodes and recumbency may be closely related to the multiple sites of metastasis in the present case. The main histological findings of the neoplasm were the dense proliferation of malignant squamous cells with individual keratinization, arranged in a trabecular pattern and with rare formations of keratin pearls, in line with previous studies. During IHC evaluation, the neoplastic cells showed expression of cytokeratins (AE1/AE3), as well as high proliferative activity evidenced by the PCNA marker. Given this background, the present report describes the clinical, anatomopathological, and IHC aspects of a case of metastatic SCC with a primary site in the vulva of a mare.

Papiloma peniano associado a parafimose persistente em um equino / Penile papillomatosis associated with persistent paraphimosis in a horse

Background: Papillomas are cutaneous neoplasms, also known as warts. They are usually benign and are caused by apapillomavirus. The development of papillomas in certain locations on the body may cause irreparable consequences.Paraphimosis is a urological emergency characterized by the inability of the penis to retract or the impossibility of retentioninside the foreskin, causing local circulatory disorders and severe pain. However, the association between genital papillomas and the development of paraphimosis in horses has not been previously documented. The objective here is to describethe clinical and histopathological aspects of a case of penile papilloma associated with persistent paraphimosis in a horse.Case: A 15-year-old mixed-breed, 350 kg, horse presented nodular and crusted lesions, similar to warts, on the penis andforeskin, which progressed over at least 6 months. An incisional biopsy of one of the nodular lesions of the horses peniswas performed. Tissue fragments were collected, packed in 10% buffered formaldehyde, and sent for histopathologicalevaluation to the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of CampinaGrande (UFCG), Campus de Patos, Paraíba. The biopsy resulted in a histopathological diagnosis of papilloma, and thehorse was reevaluated. Due to the severity of the clinical case, it was referred to the HVU/UFCG Large Animal Medicaland Surgical Clinic for surgical removal of the penis. The penectomy product was sent to the Animal Pathology Laboratory. Macroscopically, the penis fragment measured 18.0×10.5×6.0 cm in size, had an irregular surface, and presented withnumerous multilobulated, reddish nodules on a sessile base, which were exophytic with projections having the appearanceof a “cauliflower.” The nodules extended from the foreskin and compromised from...(AU)

Papiloma peniano associado a parafimose persistente em um equino / Penile papillomatosis associated with persistent paraphimosis in a horse

Background: Papillomas are cutaneous neoplasms, also known as warts. They are usually benign and are caused by apapillomavirus. The development of papillomas in certain locations on the body may cause irreparable consequences.Paraphimosis is a urological emergency characterized by the inability of the penis to retract or the impossibility of retentioninside the foreskin, causing local circulatory disorders and severe pain. However, the association between genital papillomas and the development of paraphimosis in horses has not been previously documented. The objective here is to describethe clinical and histopathological aspects of a case of penile papilloma associated with persistent paraphimosis in a horse.Case: A 15-year-old mixed-breed, 350 kg, horse presented nodular and crusted lesions, similar to warts, on the penis andforeskin, which progressed over at least 6 months. An incisional biopsy of one of the nodular lesions of the horse’s peniswas performed. Tissue fragments were collected, packed in 10% buffered formaldehyde, and sent for histopathologicalevaluation to the Animal Pathology Laboratory of the University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of CampinaGrande (UFCG), Campus de Patos, Paraíba. The biopsy resulted in a histopathological diagnosis of papilloma, and thehorse was reevaluated. Due to the severity of the clinical case, it was referred to the HVU/UFCG Large Animal Medicaland Surgical Clinic for surgical removal of the penis. The penectomy product was sent to the Animal Pathology Laboratory. Macroscopically, the penis fragment measured 18.0×10.5×6.0 cm in size, had an irregular surface, and presented withnumerous multilobulated, reddish nodules on a sessile base, which were exophytic with projections having the appearanceof a “cauliflower.” The nodules extended from the foreskin and compromised from...

Tumor adenomatoide del tracto genital femenino: Informe de dos casos de cuerpo uterino y ovario, y revisión de la literatura / Adenomatoid tumour of the female genital tract: A report of two cases located in the uterine body and ovary and review of the pertinent literature

Objetivo: informar dos casos de tumor adenomatoide (TA) del tracto genital femenino y efectuar una revisión de la literatura, con énfasis en sus aspectos histopatológicos y diagnóstico diferencial. Presentación de los casos: se informan dos casos de TA del tracto genital femenino, diagnosticados mediante estudios histológicos y de inmunohistoquímica de piezas quirúrgicas. El primero corresponde a una paciente de 39 años que consultó por hemorragia uterina, a quien se le realizó diagnóstico clínico y ecográfico de miomatosis uterina, para el cual se le practicó histerectomía y cuyo estudio patológico demostró un tumor adenomatoide del cuerpo uterino. El segundo caso se presentó en una paciente de 26 años con masa de ovario izquierdo, cuyo material histológico fue remitido para consulta con diagnóstico inicial de tumor de seno endodérmico. Discusión: el TA es un tumor benigno de origen mesotelial, infrecuente en el tracto genital femenino, cuyo tratamiento sólo requiere cirugía conservadora. Su diagnóstico diferencial incluye tumores malignos primarios y metastáticos, tanto del cuerpo uterino como del ovario, que de acuerdo con su estado clínico, requieren para su manejo cirugía oncológica y quimioterapia y/o radioterapia complementarias.

Objective: reporting two cases of adenomatoid tumour (AT) of the female genital tract and to reviewing the pertinent literature, emphasising histopathological features and differential diagnosis. Cases report: two cases of AT of the female genital tract are reported; they were diagnosed by histological and immunohistochemistry studies of surgical specimens. The first case concerned a 39-year-old woman who consulted for uterine bleeding; uterine myomatosis was suggested by clinical and ultrasonographic diagnosis, but the pathological study revealed an AT. The second case concernid a 26-year-old woman with a left ovarian mass. Ooforectomy initially diagnosed the histological material as endodermal sinus tumour and it was then sent for consultation. Discussion: AT is an infrequently occurring mesothelial benign tumour of the female genital tract; its treatment only requires conservative surgery. Its differential diagnosis includes malignant primary and metastatic tumours of both the uterine body and the ovaries, requiring oncologic resection and complementary chemo-and/or radiotherapy, according to their clinical state.

Em busca de um olhar integral: implementação do protocolo de consulta de enfermagem no atendimento a mulheres com câncer ginecológico no HC/UFMG / In search of a global approach: implementation of the nursing consultation protocol in caring for women with gynecologic cancer at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) / En busca de una mirada integral: implementación del protocolo de consulta de enfermería en la atención a mujeres con cáncer ginecológico en el HC/URMG

Trata-se de um relato de experiência da implantação do protocolo para Consulta de Enfermagem às mulheres portadoras de câncer ginecológico, realizado entre Enfermeiras integrantes das equipes de oncoginecologia e mastologia do Ambulatório Carlos Chagas (ACC) do HC/UFMG. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo divulgar a implementação de um protocolo unificado para consulta da Enfermeira às pacientes com câncer ginecológico e de mama, promovendo ações educativas e curativas a estas mulheres, com vistas também à promoção do auto-cuidado, além da integração multiprofissional

This is a report on the experience of implementation of a nursing consultation protocol for women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer, carried out by nurses on the mastology and oncogynecology team of the University Hospital of the UFMG, at the Carlos Chagas Ambulatory. This study intends to publish a unified protocol for the nursing team when examining patients with breast and gynecologic cancer, thereby providing educational and curative actions for these patients, as well as promoting self-cure and multidisciplinary integration

Se trata del relato de una experiencia de implantación del protocolo para Consulta de Enfermería a las mujeres portadoras de cáncer ginecológico, realizado entre las enfermeras integrantes de los equipos de ginecología oncológica y mastología del Ambulatorio Carlos Chagas (ACC) del HC/UFMG. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo divulgar la puesta en marcha de un protocolo unificado para las consultas realizadas por enfermeras a las pacientes con cáncer ginecológico y mamario, promoviendo acciones educativas y curativas a estas mujeres, con miras también a promover el auto-cuidado, además de la integración multiprofesional.