In-situ-grown multidimensional Cu-doped Co1-xS2@MoS2 on N-doped carbon nanofibers as anode materials for high-performance alkali metal ion batteries.

Transition metal sulfides with the high theoretical capacity and low cost have been considered as advanced anode candidate for alkali metal ion batteries, but suffered from unsatisfactory electrical conductivity and huge volume expansion. Herein, a multidimensional structure Cu-doped Co1-xS2@MoS2 in-situ-grown on N-doped carbon nanofibers (denoted as Cu-Co1-xS2@MoS2 NCNFs) have been elaborately constructed for the first time. The bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework CuCo-ZIFs were encapsulated in the one-dimensional (1D) NCNFs through an electrospinning route and then on which the two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 nanosheets were in-situ grown via a hydrothermal process. The architecture of 1D NCNFs can effectively shorten ion diffusion path and enhance electrical conductivity. Besides, the formed heterointerface between MOF-derived binary metal sulfides and MoS2 can provide extra active centers and accelerate reaction kinetics, which guarantee a superior reversibility. As expected, the resulting Cu-Co1-xS2@MoS2 NCNFs electrode delivers excellent specific capacity of Na-ion batteries (845.6 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g), Li-ion batteries (1145.7 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g), and K-ion batteries (474.3 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g). Therefore, this innovative design strategy will bring a meaningful prospect for developing high-performance multi-component metal sulfides electrode for alkali metal ion batteries.

Psychological Construction and Cultivation of New Entrepreneurs Using Industrial Cluster Theory and Multidimensional Structure Model.

This study aims to analyze the influencing factors and training plans of cultivating new entrepreneurs in the new era based on industrial cluster theory. First, the status of the research on the correlation between psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial performance of new entrepreneurs is reviewed. Second, 200 new entrepreneurs in the Xi'an City of Shaanxi Province are randomly selected as the research objects. An empirical model of the correlation between entrepreneurial psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial performance is innovatively proposed. Finally, the questionnaire data are analyzed by correlation analysis and SPSS 26.0 (Chicago) statistical analysis. The results show that most of the entrepreneurs are between 30 and 50 years old, with a larger number of mens, and most graduate from junior colleges. The gender and education level of the new entrepreneurs have a little impact on their entrepreneurial performance (P > 0.05), whereas their age has a significant impact on their entrepreneurial performance (P < 0.05). Moreover, there is a significant correlation between the psychological characteristics of the entrepreneur and the two dimensions of entrepreneurial performance (development and profitability) (P < 0.05). This shows that the key to cultivating new entrepreneurs is to develop their age and psychological characteristics, which can enhance the entrepreneurial ability of new entrepreneurs and provide a basis for cultivating multidimensional entrepreneurial talents in new enterprises.

[Practice and development of structural characteristics and quality control of multi-dimensional structure of basic components of genuine material of Moutan Cortex].

Traditional Chinese medicine is the product of clinical medication practice of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. Its material basis is the key to reveal the essence of the roles of traditional Chinese medicine, and the fundamental guarantee to solve the difficulties in the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the material basis of traditional Chinese medicine is to exert the overall pharmacodynamic effect through multi-targets, multi-approaches and mutual cooperation, resulting in unclear quality control index. In recent years, the quality control standards of traditional Chinese medicine have experienced great changes by shifting the focus from the appearance characteristics to the internal material basis, which however is limited to the control of a single com-ponent or multiple components. In other words, the intrinsic effectiveness and safety could not be guaranteed without the characteristics of the integrity of traditional Chinese medicine. With Moutan Cortex as an example, this paper analyzed the evolution of Moutan Cortex quality standards based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and comprehensively summarized the material basis of Moutan Cortex. Based on the theory of "component structure", this study analyzed current quality control of the material basis of Moutan Cortex and its preparations, and expounded the development trend of multi-dimensional quality control, so as to lay a foundation for establishing a more rational quality control system for traditional Chinese medicine in the future.

Practice and development of structural characteristics and quality control of multi-dimensional structure of basic components of genuine material of Moutan Cortex / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine is the product of clinical medication practice of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. Its material basis is the key to reveal the essence of the roles of traditional Chinese medicine, and the fundamental guarantee to solve the difficulties in the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the material basis of traditional Chinese medicine is to exert the overall pharmacodynamic effect through multi-targets, multi-approaches and mutual cooperation, resulting in unclear quality control index. In recent years, the quality control standards of traditional Chinese medicine have experienced great changes by shifting the focus from the appearance characteristics to the internal material basis, which however is limited to the control of a single com-ponent or multiple components. In other words, the intrinsic effectiveness and safety could not be guaranteed without the characteristics of the integrity of traditional Chinese medicine. With Moutan Cortex as an example, this paper analyzed the evolution of Moutan Cortex quality standards based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and comprehensively summarized the material basis of Moutan Cortex. Based on the theory of "component structure", this study analyzed current quality control of the material basis of Moutan Cortex and its preparations, and expounded the development trend of multi-dimensional quality control, so as to lay a foundation for establishing a more rational quality control system for traditional Chinese medicine in the future.

Multidimensional Structure and Properties of Silk Fibroin/Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Bionic Bone Materials / 医用生物力学

Objective To construct a two-dimensional (2D) composite membrane and a three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic scaffold by silk fibroin (SF), type I collagen (Col-I) and hydroxyapatite (HA) blends in vitro, so as to study its physicochemical properties, as well as biocompatibility and explore the feasibility of its application in tissue engineering scaffold materials. Methods 2D composite membranes and 3D scaffolds were prepared by blending SF/Col-I/HA at the bottom of cell culture chamber and low temperature 3D printing combined with vacuum freeze drying. The biocompatibility was evaluated by mechanical property testing, scanning electron microscope and Micro-CT to examine the physicochemical properties of the material, and cell proliferation was detected to evaluate its biocompatibility. Results Stable 2D composite membrane and 3D porous structural scaffolds were obtained by blending and low temperature 3D printing. The mechanical properties were consistent. The pore size, water absorption, porosity and elastic modulus were all in accordance with the requirements of constructing tissue engineering bone. The scaffold was a grid-like white cube with good internal pore connectivity; HA was evenly distributed in the composite membrane, and the cells were attached to the composite membrane in a flat shape; the cells were distributed around pore walls of the scaffold. The shape of the shuttle was fusiform, and the growth and proliferation were good. Conclusions The composite membrane and 3D scaffold prepared by SF/Col-I/HA blending system had better pore connectivity and pore structure, which was beneficial to cell and tissue growth and nutrient transport. Its physicochemical properties and biocompatibility could meet the requirements of bone tissue engineering biomaterials.

[Influence factors for hepatotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine preparations].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) preparation is one of the most important aspects in the development and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine, and its security problem becomes more and more serious. It is worthy to note that the liver, as the main drug metabolic organ, bears the brunt of the damage caused by TCM preparations. In this paper, the author attempts to explore the relationship between TCM preparations and hepatotoxicity based on the processing chains from crude drugs to the end product. Besides, the author hopes to clarify the underlying mechanism of hepatotoxicity of TCM preparations and provide basis and guidance for the quality control and rational clinical use of the preparations as well as the development of modern TCM preparations with high quality and low toxicity.

[Influence factors of hepatotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine preparation products based on multidimensional structure dynamic process].

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) products are the finished products by adopting certain preparation processes according to the profile of the herbs, with Chinese herbs or decoction pieces as the raw materials.Among their adverse reactions to the organs, hepatotoxicity can not be ignored. As a new stage of quality control in TCM, dynamic quality control system of the multidemensional structure process emphasized on the research of the effectiveness and safety, focused on the pretreatment, preparation process,dosage forms and drug delivery methods to control the quality of TCM preparation products and reduce the generation of hepatotoxicity.In this paper, we will start from these factors to discuss the causes of hepatotoxicity underlying drug products and hope to provide the reference for developing low toxicity and high quality modern Chinese medicine products.

Influence factors of hepatotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine preparation products based on multidimensional structure dynamic process / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) products are the finished products by adopting certain preparation processes according to the profile of the herbs, with Chinese herbs or decoction pieces as the raw materials.Among their adverse reactions to the organs, hepatotoxicity can not be ignored. As a new stage of quality control in TCM, dynamic quality control system of the multidemensional structure process emphasized on the research of the effectiveness and safety, focused on the pretreatment, preparation process,dosage forms and drug delivery methods to control the quality of TCM preparation products and reduce the generation of hepatotoxicity.In this paper, we will start from these factors to discuss the causes of hepatotoxicity underlying drug products and hope to provide the reference for developing low toxicity and high quality modern Chinese medicine products.

Influence factors for hepatotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine preparations / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) preparation is one of the most important aspects in the development and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine, and its security problem becomes more and more serious. It is worthy to note that the liver, as the main drug metabolic organ, bears the brunt of the damage caused by TCM preparations. In this paper, the author attempts to explore the relationship between TCM preparations and hepatotoxicity based on the processing chains from crude drugs to the end product. Besides, the author hopes to clarify the underlying mechanism of hepatotoxicity of TCM preparations and provide basis and guidance for the quality control and rational clinical use of the preparations as well as the development of modern TCM preparations with high quality and low toxicity.

Bryant's Empathy Index: Structure and Measurement Invariance across Gender in a Sample of Primary School-Aged Children.

The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensional structure and measurement invariance of Bryant's Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents (IECA) (Bryant, 1982) across gender in a representative sample of primary school-aged children in Spain. The sample consisted of 2,050 children (50.80% girls), with a mean age of 9.80 years (SD = 1.24), recruited from 27 primary schools. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. The model that presented the best fit indices was Lasa, Holgado, Carrasco, and del Barrio's (2008) three-factor model: Understanding Feelings, Feelings of Sadness, and Tearful Reaction. The levels of internal consistency for the subscales ranged from .76 to .83. In addition, the results partially support the measurement invariance of the IECA across gender. When the latent means of the empathy dimensions were compared across gender, statistically significant differences were found. These results coincide with those found in the literature showing the multidimensionality of the IECA. Specifically, the findings support its three-factor structure and its invariance across gender, making it a very useful instrument for exploring the expression of empathy in primary school children.