Effect of one or more microorganisms on the yield components of upland rice under greenhouse conditions.

The use of beneficial microorganisms is an important strategy to improve rice production in a sustainable way. The study was carried out to determine the effect of single and combined beneficial microorganism on the development of upland rice. The experiment was performed in greenhouse and arranged in a completely randomized design with 29 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments consisted of rice seeds cultivar BRS A501 CL treated with single and combined multifunctional microorganisms (1 (Serratia marcescens), 2 (Bacillus toyonensis), 3 (Phanerochaete australis), 4 (Trichoderma koningiopsis), 5 (Azospirillum brasilense), 6 (Azospirillum sp.), 7 (Bacillus sp.), 8 to 28 (combination of all these microorganisms in pairs) and 29 (control)). Inoculation of upland rice with sole and combined microorganism on upland rice increased the roots and shoots development, yield components and grain yield of upland rice. The combinations of Bacillus sp. (BRM 63573) and A. brasilense (AbV5), Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) + B. toyonensis (BRM 32110) and Phanerochaete australis (BRM 62389) + Serratia marcenscens (BRM 32114) led to improved roots and shoots development; increased number of panicles and grains per pot, 1000 grains weight and grain yield of rice plants. Besides, the combinations allow helped in increased accumulation of nutrients in roots, shoots and grains of rice plants.

Root and shoot development of corn seedlings as affected by rhizobacteria / Desenvolvimento radicular e aéreo de plântulas de milho afetado por rizobactérias

Multifunctional microorganisms are beneficial microorganisms able of promoting plant growth through direct and indirect mechanisms. Because of this, has enormous potential for use when aiming a sustainable agriculture. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of seed inoculation with multifunctional microorganisms on the initial development of corn seedlings. The experiment was carried out under controlled conditions in a completely randomized design, with seven treatments and six replications. Treatments consisted of microbiolization of corn seeds with the rhizobacteria: 1. Burkholderia cepacea (BRM 32111), 2. Serratia marcenses (BRM 32113), 3. Serratia sp. (BRM 32114), 4. Bacillus sp. (BRM 63573), 5. Azospirillum brasilense (Ab-V5), 6. Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) and 7. control treatment (no microorganisms).For each experimental unit, 500 mL plastic pots filled with soil and two corn seeds were used. After 14 days the seedlings were removed from the pots, set aside from the ground and photographed with a digital camera. The images presented were analyzed by WinRHIZO 2012 software to determine: total root length, root diameter, total root surface area and root volume. After this, roots and shoots of the seedlings were dried and weighed. Corn seedlings treated with the multifunctional microorganisms Bacillus sp. (BRM 63573), Serratia sp. (BRM32114) and Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) presented increased in the root and shoots biomass compared to untreated seeds. The microorganism Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) was the one that provided the highest values in the parameters of total root length, root diameter, root volume, root dry mass, shoot dry mass and total dry mass compared to the control treatment. The use of multifunctional microorganisms is a promising alternative to provide greater development of corn seedlings.

Microrganismos multifuncionais são microrganismos benéficos, capazes de promover o crescimento vegetal por meio de ações diretas e indiretas, tendo, portanto, enorme potencial de uso quando se visa a agricultura sustentável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito da inoculação de sementes com microrganismos multifuncionais no desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de milho. O experimento foi conduzido em condições controladas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na microbiolização das sementes de milho, cultivar AG 8088, com os isolados de rizobactérias: 1. Burkholderia cepacea (BRM 32111), 2. Serratia marcescens (BRM 32113), 3. Serratia sp. (BRM 32114), 4. Bacillus sp. (BRM 63573), 5. Azospirillum brasilense (Ab-V5), 6. Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) e 7. tratamento controle (sem microrganismos). Para cada unidade experimental foram utilizados copos plásticos de 500 mL, preenchidos com solo e com duas sementes de milho. Após 14 dias as plântulas foram retiradas dos copos, separadas do solo e fotografadas com câmera digital. As imagens obtidas foram analisadas pelo software WinRHIZO 2012, para determinação de: comprimento total da raiz, diâmetro da raiz, área de superfície total de raízes e volume de raízes. Após serem fotografadas as raízes e parte aérea das plântulas foram levadas a estufa de secagem até atingirem massa constante e pesadas. As plântulas de milho tratadas com os microrganismos multifuncionais Bacillus sp. (BRM 63573), Serratia sp. (BRM32114) e Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) apresentaram incremento do sistema radicular e aéreo em comparação com plântulas não tradadas. O microrganismo Azospirillum sp. (BRM 63574) foi o que proporcionou maiores valores nos parâmetros de comprimento total da raiz, diâmetro da raiz, volume da raiz, massa seca da raiz, massa seca de parte aérea e massa seca total em comparação ao tratamento controle. A utilização de microrganismos multifuncionais é alternativa promissora para proporcionar maior desenvolvimento de plântulas de milho.