RESUMO
Objetivo: Sintetizar la evidencia reciente sobre la atención por gestión de casos de enfermería dirigida a pacientes adultos con patologías crónicas, en relación a resultados en salud, calidad de vida y satisfacción para el paciente. Material y métodos: Revisión de revisiones realizada en el año 2022, incluyendo estudios publicados entre 2011 y 2021, ambos incluidos, a través de las bases de datos Pubmed, Web of Science (WoS), Cochrane y el Índice bibliográfico español de ciencias de la Salud (IBECS). Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 9 revisiones. Todas ellas analizaron la gestión de casos enfermera en relación a la efectividad en general. De ello, cinco estudios, además, se centraron también en calidad de vida del paciente, cuatro estudios en satisfacción del paciente, uno de ellos se centró en resultados en salud y otro hizo alusión a aspectos emocionales. La mayor parte de los artículos se centran en analizar la gestión de casos en varias enfermedades crónicas. El resto de artículos analizaron otras situaciones concretas: presión arterial y colesterol, insuficiencia cardiaca, depresión en enfermedades crónicas y atención domiciliaria. Discusión y conclusiones: Los estudios demuestran que existe una mejoría en los resultados de salud tras la gestión de casos, disminuyendo los ingresos hospitalarios y la atención en los servicios de urgencias. También se observa un aumento en la satisfacción del paciente. Con respecto a la calidad de vida, aunque existente escaso respaldo, los estudios reflejan resultados positivos en dicha variable. Los diferentes autores subrayan la necesidad de realizar más estudios con mayor calidad metodológica. (AU)
Objective: Synthesize recent evidence on nursing case management care aimed at adult patients with chronic pathologies, in relation to health outcomes, quality of life and patient satisfaction. Material and methods: Review of reviews carried out in the year 2022, including studies published between 2011 and 2021, both included, through the Pubmed, Web of Science (WoS), Cochrane databases and the Spanish Bibliographic Index of Health Sciences (IBECS). Results: A total of 9 reviews were included. All of them analyzed nursing case management in relation to overall effectiveness. Of this, five studies also focused on patient quality of life, four studies on patient satisfaction, one of them focused on health outcomes and another alluded to emotional aspects. Most of the articles focus on analyzing case management in various chronic diseases. The rest of the articles analyzed other specific situations: blood pressure and cholesterol, heart failure, depression in chronic diseases and home care. Discussion and Conclusions: Studies show that there is an improvement in health outcomes after case management, decreasing hospital admissions and care in emergency services. The existence of very little published bibliography on the repercussion on the quality of life of patients with chronic pathologies has been evidenced. Regarding patient satisfaction, it can be concluded that said satisfaction has increased compared to patients who have received care without SG. The best valued aspect was accessibility to health care. The different authors underline the need to carry out more studies with higher methodological quality. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Administração de Caso , Doença Crônica , Assistência Integral à Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Satisfação do PacienteRESUMO
La dependencia severa afecta en múltiples aspectos la vida a quien la padece, pero también a todo su entorno familiar, especialmente a quien asume el rol de cuidador principal. Esta tarea se hace más compleja cuando la ubicación geográfica es adversa. Es por esto que se desarrolló un programa de intervención de enfermería basado en visitas domiciliarias integrales y enfermera gestor de caso con el fin de prestar apoyo a la familia con el propósito de que les permitan mantener su funcionalidad y adaptación a su nueva condición.
Severe dependence affects in many aspects of life to the sufferer, but also to all their families, especially who assumes the role of primary caregiver. This task becomes more complex when the geographic location is adverse. That is why one programed was developed during the internship surgery of the authors of this article called a nursing intervention program based on integral home visits in order and nursing case management to provide the care of the family that allow them to maintain their functionality and adaptation in their new conditions.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Saúde da População Rural , Idoso Fragilizado , Visita Domiciliar , Chile , Cuidadores/psicologia , Enfermagem DomiciliarRESUMO
The decreasing supply of advanced practice nurses continues to be a problem that plagues America, especially in rural regions. It has been suggested that nurse educators aggressively recruit potential graduate students and provide "easy access" for nurses presently living and practicing in rural areas. Web-based or on-line courses not only improve access to graduate education for rural nurses but also provide for high quality teaching and learning experience for both students and faculty. The purpose of this study was to examine what students in a web-based graduate program in rural nursing case management and faculty perceive are the advantages and disadvantages of web-based learning. In this descriptive study, interviews and a written survey were used for data collection. The sample included six faculty teaching in the graduate nursing program at the time of data collection and 29 former students enrolled or graduated from the program. Findings revealed by students included difficulties with computer technology, unclear expectations for coursework, and lack of socialization as disadvantages. Students identified teacher advocacy and accessibility through distance education as advantages of the program. Faculty identified access as the major advantage. Disadvantages identified by faculty included lack of socialization for students, faculty workload, and a need for ongoing faculty development.
