Lactobacillus treatment as adjuvant for geographic tongue and fissured tongue with gastritis: case report.

Background: Geographic tongue and fissured tongue are both common oral mucous membrane diseases relatively. The treatment of this disease is typically causative therapy because of the unknown etiology, and other afflictions. Gastrointestinal disease is one of the factors that induce geographic tongue with a fissured tongue. As an adjuvant drug that can inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori, the most common pathogen of chronic gastritis, Lactobacillus is widely used in clinic. However, there are seldom studies about Lactobacillus used in the treatment of geographic tongue and fissured tongue. Therefore, this case we used typically causative therapy with Lactobacillus as adjuvant to treat patient with a geographic tongue and fissured tongue with gastrointestinal disease and explore the effectiveness for further application. Case Description: A 33-year-old female patient presented with a geographic tongue and fissured tongue with dysgeusia. At the first visit, there were smooth red lesions on the back of the tongue with the hyperplasia of the surrounding filiform papilla. The cracks in the middle of the tongue had a crack of about 2.5 cm long and 0.8 cm deep, and 5-6 light cracks on the tip of the tongue. The patient reported a history of chronic gastritis for 1 year, often with soft stool and gastroesophageal reflux disease. We administered drug treatment, including sodium bicarbonate tablets, Kangfuxin solution, compound chlorhexidine solution, and stomatitis spray. In addition, we suggested the patient use a yogurt machine to make and drink fresh yogurt with Lactobacillus as adjuvant everyday day and suggested a daily regimen of a light diet with no stimulating food, regular work, and sufficient rest. Ten days after the first visit, the symptoms were obviously alleviated. Twenty days after the initial diagnosis, the geographic tongue lesions had disappeared and the cracks had basically healed. The patient reported that the gastric symptoms had improved, and there was no soft stool or stomach discomfort. Conclusions: This study used Lactobacillus as the adjuvant with typically causative therapy in the treatment of geographic tongue and fissured tongue.

Clinical observation of allergic contact stomatitis treated with Kangfuxin solution as adjuvant: case report.

Background: Allergic contact stomatitis (ACS) is common among people with allergic constitution and who have allergy reaction to specific allergen such as drugs, food, and materials because of immune dysfunction. With the development of materials science, the increasing diversity of cosmetics and food additives has gradually raised the incidence rate of ACS. Now systemic and local therapy are adopted in the therapy of ACS. However, the systemic therapy would drop the drugs' concentration after it reaches the treatment area through the layers of human barriers, while the locally-used drugs such as collutory may not be suitable for patients with skin lesion. Kangfuxin contains a variety of biological extracts which is anti-inflammatory and curative and can produce connective tissues whether it's skin or mucous membrane. It can be used not only in non-oral diseases such as gastric ulcer or gynecological diseases, but also in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer and many kinds of stomatitis and has shown good anti-inflammatory and curative effects. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Kangfuxin solution as a local-used adjuvant drug to treat ACS. Case Description: We present a 22-year-old male with ACS whose complaint at the first visit was severe pain, accompanied by salivation, tongue enlargement, bleeding, tonsil enlargement, and symptoms of difficulty in eating, fatigue, and dizziness. After the physical and laboratory examination, we found no abnormalities other than a history of eating the kiwi fruit, which is a common allergen. Thus, he was diagnosed as ACS. In this case, we provided a pharmacologic therapeutic intervention of chlorpheniramine (one tablet, three times a day) and Kangfuxin solution (gargle for 15 min, three times a day) with advice that no exposure to the allergen. On the third day, the patient felt no significant relief of symptoms, while one week after the first visit, the symptoms had obviously alleviated and most of the red lip erosion disappeared. The patient recovered completely with no discomfort in ten days after the initial visit. Conclusions: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of Kangfuxin solution combined with chlorpheniramine on ACS.

[Key dental challenges during COVID-19 pandemic: oral health monitoring in patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases]. / Klyuchevye stomatologicheskie problemy perioda pandemii COVID-19: monitoring sostoyaniya stomatologicheskogo zdorov'ya u patsientov s khronicheskimi zabolevaniyami slizistoi obolochki polosti rta.

OBJECTIVE: To develop an effective system of an interactive dynamic telemonitoring of oral health in patients with oral lichen planus (LP) during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The observational longitudinal prospective cohort study (follow-up for 12 months) involved 53 patients (19 men and 34 women aged 49-65 years) with various forms of LP in persistent remission. During the entire observation period dentists carried out telemonitoring (through a Telegram group) of oral health of patients with LP registering the preservation/coming out from remission, as well as the causes of exacerbation of LP. RESULTS: The developed interactive monitoring system based on the use of available video feedback communication technologies (via Telegram, WhatsApp, Viber messengers) provided stable remission in 28.3% of patients with LP (mainly typical and hyperkeratotic forms) and effective relief of exacerbations (mainly erosive-ulcerative forms) associated with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in 35.8% of cases, exacerbation of concomitant systemic pathology (excluding COVID-19) in 16.9%, local traumatic risk factors in 15.1%, development of post-vaccination reactions in 3.9%. COVID-19-associated exacerbation of LP is a polymorphic symptom complex manifested by a change in classical clinical picture and heavier course of skin-mucosal dermatosis due to the addition of new, atypical for LP, manifested COVID-19-associated intraoral symptoms and generalization of skin lesions. Periods of exacerbation of LP in COVID-19 patients are significantly longer, with shorter remissions than in the prepandemic period. CONCLUSION: Interactive telemonitoring of oral health in patients with chronic oral mucosal diseases is a safe and effective tool for dispensary observation, management and maintenance of social communications during periods of social isolation.

The Influence of pH Values on the Rheological, Textural and Release Properties of Carbomer Polacril® 40P-Based Dental Gel Formulation with Plant-Derived and Synthetic Active Components.

The physicochemical properties, especially pH value of dental medicines, have significant influence on the health of oral cavity tissues. The pH of formulations should correspond to the value of saliva pH (5.5-8.0). For carbomer-based gels, the required pH value is obtained by neutralizing them with alkaline components, which leads to their structuring (thickening). This affects the physical properties of the gel, its residence time at the application site and the rate of release of active pharmaceutical ingredient. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the rheological, textural, and biopharmaceutical properties of Carbomer Polacril® 40P-based dental gel depending on the pH value. Evaluation of the rheological properties of gel preparations were performed by measuring the structural viscosity of the samples as a function of pH and temperature. The textural properties of the gel were evaluated by performing tests regarding back extrusion and spreadability. Carbomer Polacril® 40P-based gels haven't shown noticeable thixotropic behavior, and were characterized by plastic flow in the whole studied pH range. The structural viscosity at the selected average pH value hasn't differed at storage (25 °C) and application (37 °C) temperature. Texture studies of dental gels have shown a strong correlation with rheoparameters. Their rheological behavior and textural properties haven't changed significantly between the pH range of 5.5-6.6. The relatively narrow range of working pH values does not affect the change in the viscosity of the preparation significantly and, consequently, does not affect the release of APIs from the developed Carbomer Polacril® 40P-based dental gel.

Beta-defensin 1 gene polymorphisms at 5' untranslated region are not associated with a susceptibility to recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ß-defensin 1 gene: -20 G > A and -44 C > G at 5 untranslated region and recurrent aphthous stomatitis in a cohort of Polish patients. DESIGN: One hundred and six patients suffering from recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 96 healthy volunteers were genotyped at ß-defensin 1-20 G > A and -44 C > G using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach. The results were statistically analysed with the difference test between two proportion and chi-square tests with p < 0.05 as a significance level (Dell Statistica data analysis software system, version 13, Dell Inc. 2016). RESULTS: No statistically significant differences between the tested groups were revealed in the genotype distribution for -20 G > A and -44 C > G polymorphisms of the ß-defensin 1 gene. Stratification into carriers and non-carriers of alleles did not unequivocally show the single nucleotide polymorphism recognized as a risk factor for recurrent aphthous stomatitis. However, after gender stratification, statistically significant differences in the distribution of some DEFB1 genotypes were observed. Heterozygotes of G[-20]A and C[-44]G genotypes were found more frequently in males with RAS than in males from the control group. Moreover, a significantly higher rate of carriers of the polymorphic *A[-20] allele was found in males with RAS compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The role of the tested single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ß-defensin 1 gene in the aetiology of recurrent aphthous stomatitis has not been confirmed. Further observations are required to clarify this potential association.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in young seniors in the Wroclaw region.

BACKGROUND: The morbidity of certain oral pathologies, for example denture-related stomatitis, burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and benign neoplasms is higher in the elderly. It is necessary to periodically assess the changes in the profile of the occurrence of these diseases and determine the dominant risk factors associated with their incidence. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosal pathologies (in particular, potentially malignant and cancerous disorders) in a randomly selected population of 65-74-year-old residents of Wroclaw and Olawa, Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A group of 1,600 persons aged 65-74 years, living in Wroclaw (a large city) and Olawa (a small town) were randomly selected to participate in the study. 285 people from Wroclaw and 102 from Olawa were examined. In a clinical dental examination, the following parameters were assessed: the number of teeth; probing/pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) for all the teeth at 4 measuring points (on this basis, periodontal diagnoses were made according to American recommendations - of the American Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP)); and the presence of prosthetic restorations and their quality. In the anamnestic study, variables concerning the socioeconomic status, systemic conditions (comorbidity of selected general diseases, nicotine addiction status, body mass) and selected behaviors promoting oral health were determined. RESULTS: The most common clinical changes in the oral mucosa were denture-related stomatitis (6.7%), hemangiomas (5.9%) and fibromas (4.1%). Potentially malignant disorders and cancerous lesions were diagnosed in 59 persons (15.2% of the respondents). One case of tongue cancer was diagnosed in an inhabitant of Olawa. CONCLUSIONS: More than 1/3 of the examined persons were diagnosed with certain clinical, pathological oral mucosal lesions requiring treatment, of which nearly half were potentially malignant and cancerous. Poor tooth brushing efficiency was associated with a higher incidence of pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions in the oral cavity.

The absence of an association between Interleukin 1ß gene polymorphisms and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS).

OBJECTIVES: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a chronic, ulcerative disease with a probable polygenic mode of inheritance and complex etiology with a strong immunological background. The aim of the present study was to determine the possible association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-1ß gene: IL-1ß-511 T>C (rs16944) and IL-1ß+3954C>T (rs1143634) and RAS susceptibility in a moderately large group of patients. DESIGN: One hundred and four patients with minor, major and herpetiform RAS and 75 healthy volunteers were genotyped at IL-1ß-511 T>C (rs16944) and IL-1ß+3954C>T (rs1143634) using the PCR-RFLP approach. The results were statistically analysed with chi-square test and test of difference between two rates of structure, with p<0.05 assumed to be a statistically significance level (Statistica 10, StatSoft®, Kraków, Poland). RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the genotype distribution for the IL-1ß C[+3954]T polymorphism between the RAS and control groups. The frequency of IL-1ß*T[-511]/*T[-511] homozygotes among the patients was significantly higher when compared to our study control (p<0.0347). The results after stratification into carriers and non-carriers of C and T alleles did not clearly indicate which SNP may be considered a risk factor for RAS. CONCLUSIONS: The genetic association between the studied SNPs of the IL-1ß gene and RAS remains controversial and requires further investigation.

Clinical analysis on 3 792 cases of child oral mucosal diseases in Chongqing / 重庆医学

Objective To understand the characteristics and regularity of child oral mucosal diseases in Chongqing by analyzing its related factors so as to provide a reference for its diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 3792 children with oral mucosal diseases in the stomatology department of our hospital from January to December 2015 were taken as the research subjects for analyzing the disease entities,gender,age,onset time.Results Among 3 792 cases,15 kinds of oral mucosal diseases were recorded.The top five places of prevalence rates were herpetic stomatitis (42.67 ％),oral candidiasis(23.36 ％),traumatic ulcer(14.82 ％),recurrent aphthous ulcer (8.81％) and migratory glossitis (8.65％).Conclusion The clinical characteristics of child oral mucosal diseases are complex and various,and the onset age and time have a certain rule,which indicates that early diagnosis and treatment are very important to prognosis.