Tumor risk markers in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

Abstract Objectives: This study aims to investigate the pattern of immunoexpression of proteins p16, p53 and Ki-67 in RRP, as well as to evaluate its influence on the number of surgeries that patients have undergone to date and to analyze the benefit of immunohistochemistry in this disease. Methods: Clinical-demographic data and tumor samples were obtained from 33 patients with RRP. The expression of proteins p16, p53 and Ki-67 was analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Results: Most patients had already undergone more than one surgery. The p16 marker was negative in 24.2% of the cases, with little positivity in 27.3% of the cases, moderate in 36.4% and intense in 12.1%. The p53 marker was positive in all cases, with little immunoexpression in 39.4% of cases, moderate in 36.4% and intense in 24.2%. The Ki-67 marker showed nuclear positivity in all lesions, although in varying degrees, with a mean proliferative index ±SD (standard deviation) of 51.7±26. Conclusions: The papillomatous lesions had varying degrees of immunoexpression of proteins p16, p53 and Ki-67, but no specific immunohistochemical pattern was observed. It was found, with statistical difference, that the number of surgeries was higher in cases with greater intensity of p53 expression, without correlation with the other markers. The benefit of immunohistochemistry in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis may lie in the prognostic assessment. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the use of this technique for this purpose. Level of evidence:: 4.

Papilomatosis laringea recurrente con compromiso pulmonar: reporte de caso / Recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis with pulmonary involvement: case report

La papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente es una enfermedad neoplásica causada por el virus del papiloma humano y caracterizada por el crecimiento de lesiones proliferativas exofíticas que afectan la mucosa de las vías respiratorias. En su epidemiología se presenta una distribución bimodal, con una forma juvenil en menores de 20 años, más agresiva, con múltiples lesiones papilomatosas y alta frecuencia de recurrencia, en comparación con la forma adulta. El compromiso pulmonar es poco frecuente y su manejo es un desafío. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 13 años con antecedente de papilomatosis laríngea desde los dos años. El paciente mostró dificultad respiratoria y múltiples nódulos estenosantes en laringe y tráquea, y varios quistes pulmonares visualizados en la tomografía de tórax. Se le realizó exéresis de las lesiones papilomatosas y traqueostomía. Recibió dosis única de bevacizumab 400 mg intravenoso y terapias respiratorias con evolución favorable, sin recurrencias en el seguimiento.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a neoplastic disease caused by the human papillomavirus and characterized by the growth of exophytic proliferative lesions affecting the mucosa of the respiratory tract. This condition has a bimodal age distribution; the juvenile form affects those under 20 years of age, is more aggressive and presents multiple papillomatous lesions and high frequency of recurrence, compared to the adult form. Pulmonary involvement is rare and challenging to treat. We present the case of a 13-year-old male with a history of laryngeal papillomatosis since the age of two years. The patient showed respiratory distress and multiple stenosing nodules in the larynx and trachea, as well as several pulmonary cysts identified on chest CT. The patient underwent excision of the papillomatous lesions and tracheostomy. Then, the patient received a single dose of intravenous bevacizumab 400 mg and respiratory therapies with favorable evolution, without recurrences during follow-up.

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal miR-653-5p suppresses laryngeal papilloma progression by inhibiting BZW2.

OBJECTIVES: Although miR-653-5p has been validated to participate in the progression of multiple types of cancer, the functional role of exosomal miR-653-5p derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Laryngeal Papilloma (LP) has still remained elusive. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the role of MSCs-derived exosomal miR-653-5p in LP. METHODS: LP tissues (n = 15) and adjacent normal tissues (n = 10) were collected to examine the expression level of miR-653-5p. The expression level of miR-653-5p in LP cells and normal cells was also detected. Then, miR-653-5p was overexpressed or silenced to explore its effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of LP cells. Thereafter, the effects of exosomal miR-653-5p derived from MSCs on LP cell progression and the potential regulatory mechanism of miR-653-5p were assessed. RESULTS: It was revealed that the expression level of miR-653-5p was downregulated in LP tissues and cells. In addition, miR-653-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of LP cells. Exosomes derived from MSCs played a suppressive role in LP development and mediated the transmission of miR-653-5p to LP cells. Further exploration identified Basic leucine Zipper and W2 domains 2 (BZW2) as the target of miR-653-5p. More importantly, the rescue experiments revealed that MSCs-secreted exosomal miR-653-5p efficiently inhibited the aggressive phenotypes of LP cells, which could be significantly reversed by BZW2 overexpression in LP cells. CONCLUSION: MSCs-derived exosomal miR-653-5p exerted inhibitory effects on LP progression through targeting BZW2, which provided a novel idea for the therapy of LP. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: chictr-ior-17011021.

Tumor risk markers in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the pattern of immunoexpression of proteins p16, p53 and Ki-67 in RRP, as well as to evaluate its influence on the number of surgeries that patients have undergone to date and to analyze the benefit of immunohistochemistry in this disease. METHODS: Clinical-demographic data and tumor samples were obtained from 33 patients with RRP. The expression of proteins p16, p53 and Ki-67 was analyzed by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: Most patients had already undergone more than one surgery. The p16 marker was negative in 24.2% of the cases, with little positivity in 27.3% of the cases, moderate in 36.4% and intense in 12.1%. The p53 marker was positive in all cases, with little immunoexpression in 39.4% of cases, moderate in 36.4% and intense in 24.2%. The Ki-67 marker showed nuclear positivity in all lesions, although in varying degrees, with a mean proliferative index ±â€¯SD (standard deviation) of 51.7 ±â€¯26. CONCLUSIONS: The papillomatous lesions had varying degrees of immunoexpression of proteins p16, p53 and Ki-67, but no specific immunohistochemical pattern was observed. It was found, with statistical difference, that the number of surgeries was higher in cases with greater intensity of p53 expression, without correlation with the other markers. The benefit of immunohistochemistry in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis may lie in the prognostic assessment. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the use of this technique for this purpose. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal miR-653-5p suppresses laryngeal papilloma progression by inhibiting BZW2

Abstract Objectives: Although miR-653-5p has been validated to participate in the progression of multiple types of cancer, the functional role of exosomal miR-653-5p derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Laryngeal Papilloma (LP) has still remained elusive. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the role of MSCs-derived exosomal miR-653-5p in LP. Methods: LP tissues (n = 15) and adjacent normal tissues (n = 10) were collected to examine the expression level of miR-653-5p. The expression level of miR-653-5p in LP cells and normal cells was also detected. Then, miR-653-5p was overexpressed or silenced to explore its effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of LP cells. Thereafter, the effects of exosomal miR-653-5p derived from MSCs on LP cell progression and the potential regulatory mechanism of miR-653-5p were assessed. Results: It was revealed that the expression level of miR-653-5p was downregulated in LP tissues and cells. In addition, miR-653-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of LP cells. Exosomes derived from MSCs played a suppressive role in LP development and mediated the transmission of miR-653-5p to LP cells. Further exploration identified Basic leucine Zipper and W2 domains 2 (BZW2) as the target of miR-653-5p. More importantly, the rescue experiments revealed that MSCs-secreted exosomal miR-653-5p efficiently inhibited the aggressive phenotypes of LP cells, which could be significantly reversed by BZW2 overexpression in LP cells. Conclusion: MSCs-derived exosomal miR-653-5p exerted inhibitory effects on LP progression through targeting BZW2, which provided a novel idea for the therapy of LP. Clinical Trial registration number: chictr-ior-17011021.

Genome typing, histopathology, and evolution of BPV30, a novel Xipapillomavirus type isolated from Bovine papilloma in Costa Rica.

Xipapillomavirus includes a group of viruses almost exclusively reported in both beef cattle and dairy breeding, in which they induce papillomatosis and occasionally malignant tumors. Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) infection impacts greatly on animal productions, and this is amplified by their cosmopolitan distribution. Cutaneous proliferative lesions in bovines can relate to leather depreciation and impaired milk production by giving rise to obstruction of the teat and hygiene limitations, often leading to hemorrhagic mastitis. This study reports the identification of a novel Xipapillomavirus type associated with udder papilloma in a Jersey cow in Costa Rica. Viral genome was fully sequenced and molecularly characterized. Histopathology and viral phylogeny and evolution are also presented and discussed by comparison with already described BPVs. Based on results, a novel Xipapillomavirus type, namely BPV30, is proposed. BPV30 is a typical Xipapillomavirus 2 most similar to BPV12, from which it separated roughly 18 million years ago. The absence of E6 and the presence of E10 in BPV30 confirm an E6 loss occurring along the clade leading to BPV12. The identification of this novel BPV is fundamental to the development of specific prophylactic tools, which represent the most effective weapon to fight viral circulation, to prevent infections, and eventually controlling associated proliferative lesions.

Systemic Bevacizumab for Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: A Scoping Review from 2009 to 2022.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory recurrent papillomatosis (RRP) is a fatal disease with no known cure. In severe RRP cases, systemic bevacizumab (SB) could be used as adjuvant therapy. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the extent and type of evidence in relation to the clinical outcomes of RRP after SB treatment. METHODS: Participants with RRP of all genders are included in this scoping review. There were no exclusion criteria (country, language, or document type). The information sources included experimental, quasi-experimental, and analytical observational studies. Unpublished data will not be covered, but gray literature was covered. Screening, paper selection, and data extraction were all done by two independent reviewers. This procedure was performed blindly. RESULTS: Of the 175 unique records found, 15 were eligible for inclusion. Fourteen studies were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-four patients in these studies came from the United States, India, Germany, Colombia, Argentina, Chile, and Spain. In total, 17 and 34 patients were below 18 years old and were adults respectively. The most commonly reported dose was 10 mg/kg, which was received by 25 (73.5%) patients. According to reports, 58.8% of patients completed the questionnaire. Twelve (35%) patients did not require a repeat surgery. The time interval between surgical procedures has increased for patients who require them. CONCLUSION: SB may be a promissory treatment and control option for RRP. More research is needed to evaluate the efficiency and adverse effects in various populations.

Orofacial Manifestations Assisting the Diagnosis of Cowden Syndrome in a Middle-Aged Patient: Case Report and Literature Overview.

Middle-aged and old adults (≥ 50 years) diagnosed with Cowden syndrome (CS) with orofacial manifestations are uncommon. We describe a case of CS in a 53-year-old female showing "narrow bird-like" face, macrocephaly, acral keratoses, oral candidiasis, burning in the mouth, and multiple asymptomatic papillomatous lesions with a cobblestone pattern distributed on the alveolar ridge, tongue, buccal mucosa, and commissure. The histopathological features of lesions of the oral mucosa were those of papillary fibroepithelial hyperplasia. Immunohistochemistry revealed strong positivity for PTEN and p53 in most epithelial cells, while the expression of Bcl-2, S-100, and Ki-67 was weak/negative. According to a review conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus for the analysis of reports of CS individuals ≥ 50 years with orofacial manifestations, 56 cases have been described in literature. Predilection for women was observed, with a female:male ratio of 2.3:1. Thirty-five (62.5%) individuals developed some malignant neoplasms. Oral health providers should be aware of the orofacial aspects of CS, including multiple papillomatosis, which can be an important criterion for diagnosis. Since malignancies may occur in older adults with CS, the need for strict surveillance is necessary. The present case has been under follow-up for 7 years without evidence of other manifestations.

Papilomatosis confluente y reticulada de Gougerot-Carteaud / Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot-Carteaud

La papilomatosis confluente y reticulada es una dermatosis infrecuente, benigna, de curso crónico y etiopatogenia desconocida. Actualmente, se acepta que se debe a un trastorno de la queratinización. Se caracteriza por máculas y pápulas hiperpigmentadas, que coalescen en el centro y adoptan un patrón reticular en la periferia. Se la puede confundir con otras patologías, como la pitiriasis versicolor y la acantosis nigricans. Con la administración de minociclina por vía oral suelen obtenerse excelentes resultados. Se comunica el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de papilomatosis confluente y reticulada. Se describen sus características clínicas, criterios diagnósticos y trata-miento instaurado.

Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis is an infrequent, benign dermatosis of chronic course and unknown etiopathogenesis. Currently it is accepted that this dermatosis is due to a keratinization disorder. It is characterized by hyperpigmented macules and papules that coalesce in the center and adopt a reticular pattern in the periphery. It can be confused with other pathologies such as pityriasis versicolor and acanthosis nigricans. Oral minocycline usually shows excellent results. The present work reports a case of a patient with a diagnosis of confluent and retic-ulated papillomatosis, describing its clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria and established treatment.

Rol del virus papiloma humano en cabeza y cuello

Resumen El virus papiloma humano (VPH) es un virus de ADN circular doble hebra con alrededor de 200 genotipos. Este virus se relaciona a distintas lesiones tumorales que afectan cabeza y cuello, incluyendo lesiones malignas escamosas causadas por genotipos de alto riesgo como VPH-16 y VPH-18. Esta revisión tiene por objetivo determinar el rol del VPH en distintas patologías, haciendo distinción entre lesiones benignas y malignas, y con particular énfasis en aquellas en que se ha demostrado una asociación causal con el virus, tales como papilomatosis laríngea y carcinoma escamoso orofaríngeo. Además, se analizarán los mecanismos moleculares de daño, métodos de detección y de prevención como la vacunación contra el virus. Es necesario conocer la relevancia del VPH en nuestra especialidad, ya que su determinación puede tener implicancias en cuanto al manejo y pronóstico de los pacientes.

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a double stranded circular DNA virus with around 200 genotypes. This virus is related to different tumor lesions that affect the head and neck, including malignant squamous lesions caused by high-risk genotypes such as HPV-16 and HPV-18. The objective of this review is to determine the role of HPV in different pathologies, distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions, and with particular emphasis on those in which a causal association with the virus has been demonstrated, such as laryngeal papillomatosis and oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma. In addition, molecular damage mechanisms, detection and prevention methods such as vaccination against the virus will be analyzed. It is necessary to know the relevance of HPV in our specialty, since its determination may have implications in terms of patient management and prognosis.

Association between the TAP1 gene polymorphisms and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in patients from Western Mexico: A pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a respiratory tract disease that affects children and adults and is characterized by the recurrent proliferation of multiple papillomas. The etiologic agent is the human papillomavirus, mainly genotypes 6 and 11. Furthermore, polymorphisms in TAP1 appear to influence the selection of antigenic peptides and the transport process to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, for their subsequent presentation to T lymphocytes, an essential process against viral diseases and tumor processes. Previous studies have shown that individuals with those polymorphisms are susceptible to immune, infectious, and tumor-related diseases. The present study aimed to determine the association between the TAP1 rs1057141 (c.1177A>G) and rs1135216 (c.2090A>G) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and RRP. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out on a group of 70 individuals (35 controls and 35 patients). RRP diagnosis, HPV genotyping, and viral load were determined through histology and PCR. SNPs rs1057141 and rs1135216 were identified through allelic discrimination, using real-time PCR. The haplotypic analyses were performed using the Arlequin 3.5 program. RESULTS: HPV-6 and HPV-11 were the genotypes found in the samples. In the polymorphism analysis, rs1057141 showed no significant differences (p = 0.049, CI = 0.994-7.331). In contrast, a significant difference was found in rs1135216 (p = 0.039, OR = 2.4) in the allelic analysis, as well as in the dominant (p = 0.027, OR = 3.06), codominant (p = 0.033, OR = 3.06), and additive model (p = 0.043, OR = 2.505) in subjects with the G allele. CONCLUSION: The G allele in rs1135216 was associated with a genetic risk of susceptibility for RRP in a population in Western Mexico.

HPV genotype is a prognosticator for recurrence of respiratory papillomatosis in children.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the prognosis according to age, genotype or human papillomavirus (HPV) variant in patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). DESIGN: Non-concurrent cohort. PARTICIPANTS: Forty one patients with RRP. SETTING: Tertiary referral hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disease severity was defined by the number of surgeries performed, and Derkay score at surgeries, obtained from medical records. HPV was detected and genotyped, and HPV-6 variants were also assessed. RESULTS: Fifteen (36.58%) individuals belonged to the juvenile RRP group (JoRRP, less than 18 years), while 26 patients (63.41%) were allocated at the adult group (AoRRP, equal or more than 18 years). JoRRP patients needed, in average, a higher number of surgeries to control the disease than AoRRP patients (mean difference: 3.36). Also, JoRRP patients showed a higher Derkay score at each surgery (mean difference: 3.76). There was no significant difference in the number of surgeries when we compared patients infected with HPV-6 or HPV-11, neither in accordance to HPV-6 variants. Patients with HPV-11 presented a higher mean Derkay score at surgery than those with HPV-6 (mean difference: 4.39); when co-variated by age, we observed that this difference occurred only among JoRRP patients (mean difference: 6.15). CONCLUSIONS: Age of onset of RRP has an important impact on number of surgeries to control disease. Patients with JoRRP and HPV-11 tend to present worse Derkay score at each surgery. HPV genotype among adults and HPV-6 variants had no impact on the outcome of the disease.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus 6 and 11 variants in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11 are the etiological agents of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). We examined the prevalence and distribution of HPVs 6 and 11 genetic variants in juvenile onset (JORRP) and adult onset (AORRP) laryngeal papillomas. Cases of JORRP and AORRP were collected, retrospectively. HPV detection and genotyping were accessed by polymerase chain reaction-sequencing in 67 RRP samples. Overall, the most prevalent HPV-6 variants were from B1 (55.8%) and B3 (27.9%) sublineages, whereas among HPV-11 positive samples A2 (62.5%) variants were predominant. A higher prevalence of HPV-6 B1 was observed in JORRP (83.3% B1 and 16.7% B3), compared with AORRP cases (58.3% B1 and 41.7% B3). HPV-11 A2 variants were more prevalent both in JORRP (57.2%) and in AORRP cases (70.0%). Nevertheless, with the exception that HPV-6 B1 were significantly less likely to recur, there was a lack of association between any particular HPVs 6 or 11 variant and clinicopathological features. Our data do not support an association between HPVs 6 and 11 variability and RRP.

Factors Related to Extralaryngeal Spread in Juvenile Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To identify factors associated to increased risk of extra-laryngeal spread in pediatric patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted evaluating the clinical charts of patients younger than 16 years with histopathologically confirmed RRP treated between January 2014 and December 2018. Characteristics of patients with and without extra-laryngeal disease dissemination were compared. Odds ratios were calculated and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Data from 82 patients were analyzed. Mean age at symptom onset was 42 months. Fifteen (18.29%) patients had extra-laryngeal spread (ELS) at time of diagnosis and in four, the disease continued to spread to other sites. Of 67 patients with disease restricted to the larynx, 17 (25.37%) developed ELS during the disease course. Human papilloma virus (HPV) typing was performed in 49 (59.8%) patients; in 28 (57.1%) HPV subtype 6 was identified and in 21 (42.9%) HPV subtype 11. ELS was found in 11 patients with serotype 11 (52.38%) and in seven patients with serotype 6 (25%) (P = .048). Statistically significant differences for ELS were also found for age at diagnosis younger than 5 years (P = .045), presence of tracheostomy (P = .031), and need for adjuvant therapy (P = .010). CONCLUSIONS: Age at diagnosis of RRP younger than 5 years and presence of tracheostomy were factors related to ELS. A statistically significant association between infection with HPV subtype 11 and ELS were also observed. Adjuvant medication might be considered a protective factor against ELS. Laryngoscope, 131:1652-1656, 2021.

Profile of oncological diseases in dogs and clinical effectiveness of autovaccine therapy of papillomatosis / Perfil de doenças oncológicas em caninos e eficácia clínica da terapia com autovacina em papilomatose

Papillomatosis is one of the few diseases in which autovaccine therapy is recommended, especially in the case of mass manifestation in animals. It is noted that papillomas are diagnosed in 15.7% of cases in histological diagnosis of oncological diseases. Therefore, this work studied the profile of oncological diseases in dogs and the clinical effectiveness of autovaccine therapy of papillomatosis. The article gives a morphological description of papillomas used as a biomaterial, and also describes the technological methods of manufacturing an autovaccine used to treat animals against papillomatosis. A therapeutic scheme for administering the vaccine was proposed and tested, and the results of the clinical trial are presented, as well as a reflection on some moments of the mechanism of vaccine therapy for papillomatosis.(AU)

A papilomatose é uma das poucas doenças onde se recomenda a terapia com autovacina, principalmente no caso de manifestação em massa em animais. Nota-se que papilomas são diagnosticados em 15,7% dos casos em diagnóstico histológico de doenças oncológicas. Portanto, este trabalho estudou o perfil das doenças oncológicas em cães e a eficácia clínica da terapia com autovacina em papilomatose. O presente artigo fornece descrição morfológica dos papilomas utilizados como biomaterial, além da descrição dos métodos tecnológicos de fabricação de uma autovacina usada para tratar animais contra a papilomatose. Um esquema terapêutico para a administração da vacina foi proposto e testado, e os resultados do ensaio clínico são apresentados, e é feita uma reflexão sobre alguns momentos do mecanismo da terapia de vacina para papilomatose.(AU)

Caracterización clinicoepidemiológica y terapéutica de niños con papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente / Clinical, epidemiological and therapeutical characterization of children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

Introducción: La papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente es una enfermedad infrecuente de la vía aérea que afecta a niños y adultos, causada por el papilomavirus. Objetivo: Caracterizar niños con papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente desde los puntos de vista clínico, epidemiológico y terapéutico, así como evaluar su evolución a corto y mediano plazos. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación observacional, longitudinal y prospectiva de 40 niños con papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente, atendidos en el Servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Infantil Docente Sur Dr. Antonio María Béguez César de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero del 2010 hasta diciembre del 2016. Resultados: Los pacientes incluidos en el estudio representaron 3,2 % del total de los ingresos. Predominó el sexo masculino (60,0 %); el promedio de edad fue de 8,6 ± 4 años. Existió asociación estadística entre la localización anatómica de las lesiones y el sexo masculino; sin embargo, no hubo dicha asociación con la edad. Las localizaciones orofaríngea (50,0 %) y laríngea (42,5 %) fueron las de mayor observancia. El parto transvaginal se asoció con el mayor número de pacientes que presentaron la citada afección (85,0 %) y el tratamiento con exéresis e interferón se asoció a la evolución satisfactoria en 95,8 % de los afectados. Conclusiones: Las características clínicas y epidemiologias de los pacientes con papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente de esta casuística no difieren del contexto epidemiológico mundial, siendo una entidad de observación poco frecuente, pero no rara en los servicios de pediatría.

Introduction n The recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is an uncommon disease of the airways that affects children and adults, caused by the papillomavirus. Objective: To characterize children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis from the clinical, epidemiologic and therapeutic points of view, as well as to evaluate their clinical course at short and mid terms. Methods: An observational, longitudinal and prospective investigation of 40 children with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis was carried out, they were assisted in the Otolaryngology Service of Dr. Antonio María Béguez Cesar Teaching Southern Children Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, from January, 2010 to December, 2016. Results: The patients included in the study represented 3.2 % of the total of admissions. The male sex prevailed (60.0 %); the average age was 8.6 ± 4 years. Statistical association existed between the anatomical localization of the lesions and the male sex; however, there was no such association with the age. The oropharyngeal (50.0 %) and laryngeal (42.5 %) localizations were those of more observance. The transvaginal childbirth was associated with the higher number of patients that presented the mentioned disorder (85.0 %) and the treatment with exeresis and Interferon was associated with the satisfactory clinical course in 95.8 % of those affected. Conclusions: The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis of this case material don't differ from the world epidemiological context, being an unusual observation entity, but not strange in the pediatrics services.

Profile of oncological diseases in dogs and clinical effectiveness of autovaccine therapy of papillomatosis / Perfil de doenças oncológicas em caninos e eficácia clínica da terapia com autovacina em papilomatose

Papillomatosis is one of the few diseases in which autovaccine therapy is recommended, especially in the case of mass manifestation in animals. It is noted that papillomas are diagnosed in 15.7% of cases in histological diagnosis of oncological diseases. Therefore, this work studied the profile of oncological diseases in dogs and the clinical effectiveness of autovaccine therapy of papillomatosis. The article gives a morphological description of papillomas used as a biomaterial, and also describes the technological methods of manufacturing an autovaccine used to treat animals against papillomatosis. A therapeutic scheme for administering the vaccine was proposed and tested, and the results of the clinical trial are presented, as well as a reflection on some moments of the mechanism of vaccine therapy for papillomatosis.(AU)

A papilomatose é uma das poucas doenças onde se recomenda a terapia com autovacina, principalmente no caso de manifestação em massa em animais. Nota-se que papilomas são diagnosticados em 15,7% dos casos em diagnóstico histológico de doenças oncológicas. Portanto, este trabalho estudou o perfil das doenças oncológicas em cães e a eficácia clínica da terapia com autovacina em papilomatose. O presente artigo fornece descrição morfológica dos papilomas utilizados como biomaterial, além da descrição dos métodos tecnológicos de fabricação de uma autovacina usada para tratar animais contra a papilomatose. Um esquema terapêutico para a administração da vacina foi proposto e testado, e os resultados do ensaio clínico são apresentados, e é feita uma reflexão sobre alguns momentos do mecanismo da terapia de vacina para papilomatose.(AU)

Molecular and pathological characterization of teat papillomatosis in dairy cows in southern Brazil.

Teat papillomatosis is caused by different bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types and is especially important for dairy cows, because it results in severe damage to the health and structure of the mammary gland. This work describes the molecular and pathological aspects of teat papillomatosis in dairy cows in southern Brazil. Samples of teat papillomas were collect from 73 slaughtered dairy cows. Fragments of the lesions were collected in individual pools per animal and subjected to PCR using the FAP primer pair and sequencing of the amplification products. Teats with the remaining lesions were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, routinely processed for histopathology, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Papillomatous lesions were characterized by three macroscopic patterns, namely exophytic (5 [6.9%]), flat (29 [39.7%]), and mixed (39 [53.4%]). Histologically, all samples were identified as squamous papillomas. Partial sequencing of the L1 gene resulted in the detection of 8 classical BPV types (BPVs 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) in 27 samples, 6 previously reported putative BPV types in 17 samples, and 10 putative new BPV types in 15 samples. Four sequences could not be classified, and 10 were negative in the PCR. There was no correlation between the gross pattern and the BPV type identified, and all the samples were characterized by squamous papillomas under histological examination. However, 24 different BPV types were identified, demonstrating high genetic diversity among BPVs associated with teat papillomatosis in dairy cows in southern Brazil.

Role of epstein-barr virus in the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the prevalence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and its association with human papilloma virus (HPV) detection, clinicopathological features, and the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). METHODS: Cases of juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JRRP) (n = 36) and adult recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (ARRP) (n = 44) were collected retrospectively and subdivided into low- and high-risk severity groups based on the Derkay score. We performed HPV detection and genotyping using a reverse hybridization protocol and investigated the presence of EBV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization. CD21 levels were accessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: All samples were HPV-positive, including 49 cases of HPV 6, 26 cases of HPV 11, four cases of HPV 6 and 11 coinfections, and one case of HPV 16. EBV-DNA was detected in nine samples by PCR, although none of the cases were positive by means of in situ hybridization. CD21 immunoexpression was not statistically associated with any of the variables analyzed. HPV 6 detection was significantly higher in ARRP cases (P = 0.03), whereas HPV 11 was more prevalent in JRRP cases (P = 0.02) and was even more prevalent in JRRP cases of greater severity (Derkay laryngoscopic scale ≥20) (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The presence of EBV does not seem to play an important role in the progression/severity of RRP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 130:E611-E618, 2020.