Study on Juniritsuho: Todo Yoshimasu's Pills and Powder Formulations / 日本東洋医学雑誌

The author reveals that Todo Yoshimasu prescribed patients both decoctions from the <I>Shanhanglun</I> and the <I>Jinguiyaolue</I> in pill and powder formulations. The establishment of combined uses for his decoctions and pills and powders was the fruit of his many years of experience as a clinician. In his formularies are the “Juniritsuho ” which are his original twelve classes of pills and powders. In addition, his “Juniritsuho” terms originated from ancient “Juniritsu ” twelve-tones terms. Todo Yoshimasu proposed removing poison, or “Doku ” through his “Juniritsuho”, because, in his “Manbyoichidoku ” medical theory, he recognized all diseases as the action of one fundamental poison on various organs of the body. Additionally, he stated such poison results from the congestion of indigestible foods or drinks. With his clinical principles, Todo Yoshimasu insisted on the availability of abdominal palpation for the diagnosis of poison, and gave the pills and powders to take away that root of illness. Thus he applied a correspondence between the abdominal palpation of poison and “Juniritsuho” prescriptions. At the same time, he regarded “Sho ” in the <I>Shanghanlun</I> as the appearance of symptoms, and prescribed <I>Shanghanlun</I> decoctions corresponding to their “Sho”.

The Formation of Decoctions from Pills and Powder Formulations in Shanhanlun / 日本東洋医学雑誌

This paper reveals the formation of the decoctions in the Shanhanlun by comparisons of its pills, powders formulations and decoctions. In the early medicine found in the Huatuofang, pills and powder formulations, which have intense diaphoretic, emetic and laxative effects, were adopted. Although the Shanhanlun steers away from these extreme medicines, in the chapter Kebukepian there are two medical indications for such pills and powder formulations for basic treatment, and for such decoctions for relatively complicated symptoms of diseases. Focusing on the decoction preparations:the doses of the decoctions are related to those of the pills and the powder formulations. In addition, some of the decoction ingredients come from soup or gruel to take with a pill or a powder formulation. These mean that dosage forms are changed from pills and powders, to decoctions in stages. We therefore conclude that the decoctions in the Shanhanlun are derived from pills and powder formulations.