Capacidade fecundante do sêmen congelado de Prochilodus brevis / Fertilizing capacity of the cryopreserved sperm of Prochilodus brevis

Background: Seminal cryopreservation is a technique that optimizes aquacultural production, as it requires less breedingand enables reproduction outside of the breeding season. This technique also helps to preserve species, thus reducing thepressure on the natural stocks. Several studies have sought to develop freezing protocols that result in semen of a goodquality. However, some studies do not evaluate the ability of frozen semen to produce viable larvae. Therefore, the aimof this study was to verify the fertilizing capacity of the frozen semen of Prochilodus brevis.Materials, Methods & Results: Semen from twenty adult males of the Brazilian bocachico was collected and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, membrane integrity, pH,and concentration. Six pools were formed, each of which was diluted in a freezing medium containing 5% glucose with10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 5% glucose with 10% methyl glycol (MG). The samples were loaded into 0.25 mLFrench straws, frozen in a dry shipper, and stored in a liquid nitrogen canister. The semen was then thawed and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, and membrane integrity.For the fertilization test, four females were used. The oocytes from each female were divided into three batches and fertilized with either fresh or cryopreserved semen. The rates of fertilization, hatching, and larval survival were then measured.Data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using SAS (2002). The frozen semen with glucose +DMSO was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the frozen semen with glucose + MG, in all seminal quality parametersevaluated (63.95 ± 15.88% and 25.36 ± 3.53% for the motility, 36.38 ± 7.02 μm.s-1 and 20.45 ± 2.84 μm.s-1 for the curvilinear velocity, 19.26 ± 2.74 μm.s-1 and...(AU)

Capacidade fecundante do sêmen congelado de Prochilodus brevis / Fertilizing capacity of the cryopreserved sperm of Prochilodus brevis

Background: Seminal cryopreservation is a technique that optimizes aquacultural production, as it requires less breedingand enables reproduction outside of the breeding season. This technique also helps to preserve species, thus reducing thepressure on the natural stocks. Several studies have sought to develop freezing protocols that result in semen of a goodquality. However, some studies do not evaluate the ability of frozen semen to produce viable larvae. Therefore, the aimof this study was to verify the fertilizing capacity of the frozen semen of Prochilodus brevis.Materials, Methods & Results: Semen from twenty adult males of the Brazilian bocachico was collected and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, membrane integrity, pH,and concentration. Six pools were formed, each of which was diluted in a freezing medium containing 5% glucose with10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 5% glucose with 10% methyl glycol (MG). The samples were loaded into 0.25 mLFrench straws, frozen in a dry shipper, and stored in a liquid nitrogen canister. The semen was then thawed and evaluatedto establish the total motility, curvilinear velocity, straight linear velocity, average path velocity, and membrane integrity.For the fertilization test, four females were used. The oocytes from each female were divided into three batches and fertilized with either fresh or cryopreserved semen. The rates of fertilization, hatching, and larval survival were then measured.Data were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using SAS (2002). The frozen semen with glucose +DMSO was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the frozen semen with glucose + MG, in all seminal quality parametersevaluated (63.95 ± 15.88% and 25.36 ± 3.53% for the motility, 36.38 ± 7.02 μm.s-1 and 20.45 ± 2.84 μm.s-1 for the curvilinear velocity, 19.26 ± 2.74 μm.s-1 and...

The use of skimmed dried milk as an alternative diluent for the cooling step during the boar sêmen freezing procedure / Leite em pó desnatado como diluente alternativo na etapa de resfriamento durante protocolo de congelação do sêmen suíno

One of the critical points in the cryopreservation process is the use of a proper diluent while lowering the temperature following the resuspension and thawing processes. Here, we tested an alternative diluent for the process of freezing boar semen. We used skimmed dried milk (SDM) during the cooling and post-thawed resuspension steps. To do so, we collected semen from 15 Dalland boars using the glovedhand technique, and incubated each ejaculate sample at 30 C. We then removed two semen aliquots from a pre-dilution. We diluted one of the aliquots in Beltsville thawing solution (BTS - control), and the remaining sample was diluted in SDM. Both aliquots were subsequently held at 30º C for 45 min (1st period of stabilization). At the end of this period, we analysed vigor and motility to determine sperm metabolic activity. We then held the diluted semen at 25 C for 30 min (2nd period of stabilization) and at 17 C for 2 h (3rd period stabilization). We centrifuged the semen at 800 × g and 1600 × g at 5º C for 15 min, discarded the supernatant, and resuspended the sperm pellet in 2 mL of the cooling diluent at 5 C for 1h. We again diluted the samples in 2 mL of the freezing diluent, poured them into straws, and cooled and plunged them into liquid N2. The sêmen samples were thawed in a 39º C water bath, and were resuspended in their respective diluents at the same temperature. We determined the following sperm features: vigor, motility, vitality, acrosomal integrity and membrane functionality. During the first phase of temperature cooling (30º C), semen diluted in SDM exhibited a higher vigor (3.4 ± 0.6) and motility (78.6 ± 13.0) than those diluted BTS (vigor: 3.1 ± 0.7; motility: 69.4±14.3).(AU)

Esse estudo objetivou testar um diluente alternativo, a base de leite em pó desnatado, durante as etapas de resfriamento e ressuspensão pós descongelação durante a congelação do sêmen suíno. Para isso o sêmen de 15 varrões da raça Dalland, foi coletado através da técnica da mão enluvada. Visando o início da curva de congelação, cada ejaculado foi incubado a 30 C. Em seguida, foram retiradas duas alíquotas de sêmen para uma pré-diluição. Uma das alíquotas foi diluída no diluente Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS - Controle) e a outra em leite em pó desnatado (LPD), onde permaneceram a essa temperatura por 45 minutos. O sêmen pré-diluído passou por três tempos de estabilização. Ao final do primeiro tempo (30 C - 45 minutos) foi realizada análise de vigor e motilidade a fim de acompanhar a atividade metabólica espermática. Em seguida o sêmen diluído passou pelas temperaturas: 25C 30 minutos e 17 C - 2 horas. Ao final, o sêmen foi centrifugado (à 5 C - 800g - 1600 rpm - 15 minutos), sendo desprezado o sobrenadante, enquanto que o pellet de espermatozoides foi ressuspenso em 2 mL do diluente de resfriamento e mantido a 5 C por 1 hora. Ao final, foi realizada a 2ª diluição com 2 mL do diluente de congelação, seguida do envaze das amostras, rampa de congelação e submergidas em N2 líquido. O sêmen foi descongelado em banho-maria (39 C), ressuspendido em seus respectivos diluentesà mesma temperatura e só então analisado quanto às características de vigor, motilidade, vitalidade,integridade acrossomal e funcionalidade da membrana. Durante a primeira fase de abaixamento de temperatura (30 °C), observou-se que o sêmen diluído em LPD em comparação ao BTS, apresentou valores superiores de vigor (3,4±0,6 e 3,1±0,7, respectivamente) e motilidade (78,6±13,0 e 69,4±14,3 respectivamente).(AU)

The use of skimmed dried milk as an alternative diluent for the cooling step during the boar sêmen freezing procedure / Leite em pó desnatado como diluente alternativo na etapa de resfriamento durante protocolo de congelação do sêmen suíno

One of the critical points in the cryopreservation process is the use of a proper diluent while lowering the temperature following the resuspension and thawing processes. Here, we tested an alternative diluent for the process of freezing boar semen. We used skimmed dried milk (SDM) during the cooling and post-thawed resuspension steps. To do so, we collected semen from 15 Dalland boars using the glovedhand technique, and incubated each ejaculate sample at 30 C. We then removed two semen aliquots from a pre-dilution. We diluted one of the aliquots in Beltsville thawing solution (BTS - control), and the remaining sample was diluted in SDM. Both aliquots were subsequently held at 30º C for 45 min (1st period of stabilization). At the end of this period, we analysed vigor and motility to determine sperm metabolic activity. We then held the diluted semen at 25 C for 30 min (2nd period of stabilization) and at 17 C for 2 h (3rd period stabilization). We centrifuged the semen at 800 × g and 1600 × g at 5º C for 15 min, discarded the supernatant, and resuspended the sperm pellet in 2 mL of the cooling diluent at 5 C for 1h. We again diluted the samples in 2 mL of the freezing diluent, poured them into straws, and cooled and plunged them into liquid N2. The sêmen samples were thawed in a 39º C water bath, and were resuspended in their respective diluents at the same temperature. We determined the following sperm features: vigor, motility, vitality, acrosomal integrity and membrane functionality. During the first phase of temperature cooling (30º C), semen diluted in SDM exhibited a higher vigor (3.4 ± 0.6) and motility (78.6 ± 13.0) than those diluted BTS (vigor: 3.1 ± 0.7; motility: 69.4±14.3).

Esse estudo objetivou testar um diluente alternativo, a base de leite em pó desnatado, durante as etapas de resfriamento e ressuspensão pós descongelação durante a congelação do sêmen suíno. Para isso o sêmen de 15 varrões da raça Dalland, foi coletado através da técnica da mão enluvada. Visando o início da curva de congelação, cada ejaculado foi incubado a 30 C. Em seguida, foram retiradas duas alíquotas de sêmen para uma pré-diluição. Uma das alíquotas foi diluída no diluente Beltsville Thawing Solution (BTS - Controle) e a outra em leite em pó desnatado (LPD), onde permaneceram a essa temperatura por 45 minutos. O sêmen pré-diluído passou por três tempos de estabilização. Ao final do primeiro tempo (30 C - 45 minutos) foi realizada análise de vigor e motilidade a fim de acompanhar a atividade metabólica espermática. Em seguida o sêmen diluído passou pelas temperaturas: 25C 30 minutos e 17 C - 2 horas. Ao final, o sêmen foi centrifugado (à 5 C - 800g - 1600 rpm - 15 minutos), sendo desprezado o sobrenadante, enquanto que o pellet de espermatozoides foi ressuspenso em 2 mL do diluente de resfriamento e mantido a 5 C por 1 hora. Ao final, foi realizada a 2ª diluição com 2 mL do diluente de congelação, seguida do envaze das amostras, rampa de congelação e submergidas em N2 líquido. O sêmen foi descongelado em banho-maria (39 C), ressuspendido em seus respectivos diluentesà mesma temperatura e só então analisado quanto às características de vigor, motilidade, vitalidade,integridade acrossomal e funcionalidade da membrana. Durante a primeira fase de abaixamento de temperatura (30 °C), observou-se que o sêmen diluído em LPD em comparação ao BTS, apresentou valores superiores de vigor (3,4±0,6 e 3,1±0,7, respectivamente) e motilidade (78,6±13,0 e 69,4±14,3 respectivamente).