Antidiabetic and Toxicological Effects of the Tea Infusion of Summer Collection from Annona cherimola Miller Leaves.

Annona cherimola Miller (Ac) is a plant used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. In this work, the tea infusion extracts obtained from 1.5 g of leaf powder from Ac collected in May (AcMa), June (AcJun), July (AcJul), and August (AcAu) were evaluated on streptozocin-induced diabetic (STID) mice and for subchronic toxicity in STID and non-diabetic (ND) mice. In addition, extracts were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Results showed that the tea infusion extract of the sample collected in August (AcAu) exhibited the most significant antihyperglycemic activity during all acute assays. The analysis of the extracts (AcMa, AcJu, AcJul, and AcAu) by HPLC-DAD revealed that flavonoid glycosides, rutin, narcissin, and nicotiflorin were the major components. In addition, the sample AcAu contained the best concentration of flavonoids. In the case of subchronic oral toxicity, the AcAu sample did not cause mortality in STID mice, and histopathological analysis revealed significant improvement in the changes associated with diabetes in the liver and kidneys. These findings suggest that the Ac leaves collected in August may be a source of flavonoids such as rutin, with antidiabetic potential. In addition, these findings support the use of Ac to treat diabetes in traditional medicine.

Tannase application in secondary enzymatic processing of inferior Tieguanyin oolong tea

Background: Inferior Tieguanyin oolong tea leaves were treated with tannase. The content and bioactivity of catechins in extracts from the treated tea leaves were investigated to assess the improvement in the quality of inferior Tieguanyin oolong tea. Results: Analysis showed that after treatment, the esterified catechin content decreased by 23.5%, whereas non-galloylated catechin and gallic acid contents increased by 15.3% and 182%, respectively. The extracts from tannase-treated tea leaves showed reduced ability to bind to BSA and decreased tea cream levels. The extracts also exhibited increased antioxidant ability to scavenge OH and DPPH radicals, increased ferric reducing power, and decreased inhibitory effects on pancreatic α-amylase and lipase activities. Conclusions: These results suggested that tannase treatment could improve the quality of inferior Tieguanyin oolong tea leaves.

Detección de Benzoilecgonina en orina de consumidores de té de coca mediante métodos de inmunoensayo / Detection of Benzoilecgonine in urine of consumers of coca tea by immunoassay methods

Con el fin de detectar la presencia de benzoilecgonina en orina de consumidores de té de coca, se realizó un estudio piloto analizando muestras de orina a 10 voluntarios sanos, no consumidores de cocaína, antes de ingerir la infusión de té de coca (Nasa Esh´s Coca Nasa), y las recolectadas hasta las 48 horas después de la ingestión, de una toma única de 100 mL el mismo día. El análisis se realizó por métodos de inmunoensayo, cualitativo, mediante pruebas rápidas Acu-check, y semicuantitativo AxSYM Cocaine Metabolite, basado en In munoensayo de Fluorescencia Polarizada (FPIA). Antes de la ingestión de la infusión por los métodos cualitativos y semicuantitativos las muestras recolectadas resultaron negativas, después de haber ingerido la infusión, por ambos métodos se detectó concentraciones de benzoilecgonina desde la primera hasta las 48 horas con diversas variaciones entre las muestras, observándose excelente concordancia entre los métodos para la determinación de benzoilecgonina en orina. En este estudio, se concluyó que existe la presencia de benzoilecgonina en muestras de orina de consumidores de té de coca. Los métodos utilizados sólo proporcionan resultados preliminares, se recomienda utilizar unos más específicos a fin de encontrar parámetros que permitan discriminar individuos que hayan ingerido infusión de té de coca, de aquellos que son adictos a la cocaína. Además, es importante prevenir a los consumidores de té de coca sobre el riesgo de detección de benzoilecgonina en orina dentro de las primeras 24 a 48 horas y las implicaciones que trae consigo tales hallazgos de laboratorio.

In order to detect the presence of benzoylecgonine in urine of consumers of coca tea, a pilot study was conducted by analyzing urine samples from 10 volunteers not cocaine users, be fore drinking the coca tea infusion, and collected until 48 hours after ingestión of a single shot (100 mL) the same day, The analysis was performed by immunoassay qualitative methods, using fast Acu-check tests, and semi quantitative automated equipment Abbott Axsym System, based on fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). Before ingestion of the infusion for qualitative and semiquantitative methods for samples collected were negative, and after drinking the tea, for both methods, concentrations of benzoylecgonine was detected from the first to 48 hours with several variations between samples, observed excellent agreement between the methods for the determination of benzoilecgonine in urine. In this study, we concluded that there is the presence of benzoylecgonine in urine samples from consumers of coca tea. According to the methods used provide only preliminary results, we recommend using a more specific in order to find parameters to discriminate individuals who have ingested coca tea infusions of dose that are cocaine addicts, In turn, it is important to prevent cosumers coca tea on the risk of detection of benzoylecgonine in urine within the first 24 to 48 hours and the implications it brings such laboratory findings.