Pedometria e acompanhamento bioquímico no pós-operatório de bovinos Nelore com onfalopatias / Pedometer and biochemistry monitoring on postoperative from Nelore cattle with umbilical diseases

A analgesia pós-operatória em bovinos, por vezes, é negligenciada, frequentemente por falta de métodos quantitativos para seu diagnóstico e dimensionamento. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: avaliar a pedometria e o acompanhamento bioquímico no pós-operatório de bovinos Nelore com onfalopatias e comparar a eficiência anti-inflamatória e analgésica entre diferentes doses de flunixin meglumine e meloxicam nesses animais. Foram utilizados 24 bovinos; deste total, 18 animais foram submetidos a laparotomia para tratamento das onfalopatias e, posteriormente, divididos em três grupos de animais: G1, que recebeu 1,1mg/kg flunixin; G2, 2,2mg/kg flunixin; G3, 0,5mg/kg meloxicam. A via de eleição para os tratamentos foi a IM, uma vez ao dia, totalizando seis aplicações. Outros seis bovinos saudáveis compuseram o grupo controle (GC). As coletas do sangue total para mensuração do cortisol plasmático foram realizadas antes e depois da cirurgia, assim como a leitura do pedômetro e o exame clínico. As concentrações plasmáticas de cortisol diferiram apenas no M0, entre o GC e os grupos tratados. O flunixin meglumine em diferentes doses e o meloxicam foram equivalentes no tratamento da dor pós-operatória e no efeito anti-inflamatório em bovinos submetidos à laparotomia para tratamento das onfalopatias.(AU)

Postoperative analgesia in cattle is sometimes overlooked, frequently due to the lack of quantitative methods for diagnosis and measurement. The objectives of this study were: to analyze the pedometric and biochemistry alterations of postoperative period in Nelore bovines with umbilical diseases; compare the anti-inflammatory and analgesic efficiency between different doses of flunixin meglumine and meloxicam in the postoperative of umbilical diseases in these animals. Twenty four bovines were used. From this total, 18 animals were submitted to laparotomy for treatment of umbilical diseases and subsequently divided into three groups of animals: G1, which received 1.1mg/kg flunixin, G2 2.2mg/kg flunixin, G3 0.5mg/kg meloxicam. Six other healthy cattle were allocated to the control group (CG). Total blood samples for plasma cortisol clinical examination was performed on standardizer times. Plasma cortisol concentrations differed only in the M0 between GC and treated groups. Flunixin meglumine in different doses and meloxicam were equivalent in the treatment of postoperative pain and anti-inflammatory effect in cattle submitted to laparotomy for the treatment of umbilical diseases.(AU)

Application of phototherapy for the healing of the navels of neonatal dairy calves.

The present work evaluated the effects of LED light irradiation on the healing of the navels of neonatal dairy calves. Fifty-seven neonatal calves were divided into two groups. Animals had their umbilical stumps immersed in 10% iodine tincture for 60 s, and this process was repeated every 24 h for three consecutive days. The 29 animals in the first group did not receive LED therapy. The 28 animals in the second group received LED light irradiation at 640 nm with 300 mW power, 46.8 J/cm2 energy density, 60 s irradiation time, and 0.385 cm2 spot size. The animals were irradiated at four points (46.8 J/cm2 per point) evenly distributed around the insertion site of the umbilical stump every 24 h for three consecutive days. Irradiation with LED light was applied before the umbilical stumps were immersed in the iodine solution. The time after birth at which the umbilical stump fell off of each calf was noted. The umbilical stumps of all animals fell off by the 25th day of age. After the umbilical stump fell off, the healing of the remnant wound was followed up to the 30th day after birth. The area of the wound was measured on the 15th, 20th, and 25th day after birth using digital photographs and computer-assisted area measurements. A two-tailed unpaired t test was applied to analyze the falling off the umbilical stump, whereas a Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test with a Dunn's multiple comparison test was used for the wound size evolution. GraphPad Prisma 5.0® and GraphPad StatMate 2.00® were used for the statistical analysis. The results revealed that phototherapy hastened the falling off the umbilical stump, accelerated navel healing, and reduced the mortality rate in newborn calves. Therefore, this study introduced a preventive and adjuvant after birth treatment that proved to be effective in reducing the incidences of omphalitis and newborn mortality.

Imperfuração congênita do óstio uretral externo associada à persistência de úraco em bezerra Nelore: relato de caso / Congenital external urethral ostium imperforation associated to urachal persistence in Nelore calf: case report

A imperfuração uretral associada ou não à persistência do úraco é rara; quando concomitante, o animal mantém o fluxo urinário por via umbilical, entretanto, após o tratamento de correção da persistência do úraco, ocorre o armazenamento de urina, que pode culminar em complicações como bexigoma, hidroureter e ruptura vesical. Uma bezerra Nelore, com 20 dias de idade, foi atendida com persistência de úraco. Prescreveu-se a aplicação local de tintura de iodo a 10% durante cinco dias, e indicou-se retorno para obliteração cirúrgica caso não houvesse resposta à terapia proposta. Após 30 dias, o animal retornou com distensão abdominal, histórico de diminuição gradual do fluxo urinário, com ausência de micção via vaginal e discreto gotejamento de urina através do umbigo. Após diversas tentativas de cateterismo uretral sem sucesso, diagnosticou-se a imperfuração do óstio uretral externo. O exame ultrassonográfico revelou distensão vesical com aproximadamente sete litros de conteúdo, hidroureter e hidronefrose bilateral. Realizou-se a cistocentese e o esvaziamento vesical guiado por ultrassom e optou-se pela abordagem cirúrgica para criação do óstio uretral e correção do úraco persistente. Por meio de cistotomia, realizou-se a sondagem retrógrada da uretra e a perfuração da membrana que recobria o óstio uretral no vestíbulo vaginal, a fim de criar um novo óstio. A sondagem foi mantida por 10 dias, com o intuito de evitar estenose do óstio e, após 30 dias de pós-operatório, o animal recebeu alta com óstio uretral patente no vestíbulo vaginal.(AU)

Urethral imperforation associated or not with urachal patency is rare, when concomitant, the animal maintains urinary flow through umbilical via, but when the treatment is performed storage of urine occurs and can culminate in complications like bexigoma, hydrourether, and vesical rupture. A nelore calf with 20 days of age, was attended with urachal patency, conservative treatment with searing substance (10% iodine) was prescribed. Return for surgical treatment was recommended if no resolution was achieved. After 30 days, the animal returned with abdominal distension and history of gradual decrease in urinary flow without urination via urethra. Urethral catheterization was attempted, unsuccessfully, and sonographic evaluation revealed vesical distention with approximately seven liters of content, hydrourether and hydronephrosis. cystocentesis and vesical deflation was performed. Surgical approach of the bladder was performed and a new ostium for the urethra in the vaginal vestibule was created by retrograde via. Urachal was removed and urethral catheterization was maintained for 10 days. Following 30 days of pos operative procedure, the animal was discharged.(AU)