The clinical efficacy of "water-jet" hemostasis in gastrointestinal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of "water-jet" hemostasis during endoscopic submucosal dissection. Methods: In this prospective single-arm clinical study, 10 patients aged 18-60 years with gastric or intestinal mucosal lesions who were admitted to Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital (Xiamen, P. R. China) between June 2022 and June 2023 and met the absolute indications for endoscopic treatment were finally analyzed. The primary outcomes of this study are the incidence rates of adverse events and R0 resection, and the secondary outcomes are length of hospital stay and short- and long-term outcomes. Results: Successful hemostasis was achieved in all the included cases. In one case, the "water-jet" hemostasis failed to stop bleeding in one blood vessel, so the hemostatic forceps were used instead. No adverse events occurred in all cases. Pathologic results showed R0 resection in all samples. Conclusion: The "water-jet" method is safe and feasible for hemostasis in endoscopic submucosal dissection.

A comparison of the biofouling potential of field-collected and laboratory-cultured Ulva.

The marine algae Ulva spp. are commonly used as model biofouling organisms. As biofouling studies are primarily conducted using field-collected specimens, factors including species identity, seasonal availability, and physiological status can hinder the replicability of the results. To address these limitations, a protocol was developed for the on-demand laboratory culture and release of Ulva zoospores. The biofouling potential of laboratory-cultured and field-collected Ulva blades was compared using a waterjet. No significant differences were found between field and laboratory-cultured samples in either spore adhesion (before waterjet) or the proportion of spores retained after waterjet exposure. However, there was significant variability within each session type in pre- and post-waterjet exposures, indicating that spore adhesion and retention levels vary significantly among trial runs. In addition, all our laboratory cultures were Ulva Clade C (LPP complex). In contrast, our field samples contained a mix of Ulva Clade C, U. compressa clade I, and U. flexuosa Clade D. This protocol for on-demand production of Ulva spores can improve biofouling research approaches, enables comparison of results across laboratories and regions, and accelerate the development of anti-biofouling strategies.

Effect of inlet elbow on rotation stall in waterjet propulsion pump.

To study the influence of an elbow inlet on the rotating stall characteristics of a waterjet propulsion pump (WJPP), a three-dimensional internal flow field in a WJPP under a straight-pipe inlet and elbow inlet is numerically simulated. By comparing the hydraulic performance of WJPP under the two inlet conditions, the internal relationship between the inlet mode and the flow pattern in the pump is clarified. Based on unsteady pressure fluctuation characteristics and wavelet analysis, the influence of the inlet mode on the rotating stall is revealed, and the stall transient propagation characteristics under critical stall conditions are analyzed. The disturbance effects of the inlet channel geometry disappear under low flow rate conditions, the main disturbance is induced by the high-speed countercurrent, and the flow pattern under the elbow inlet is better than that under the straight-pipe inlet. Under the straight-pipe inlet, the single-stall nucleus in the WJPP temporarily experiences a low-frequency and high-amplitude disturbance, which subsequently transforms into a mode of multi-stall nuclei with high-frequency circumferential disturbance. Under the elbow inlet, the rotating stall always maintains a mode of high-amplitude and low-frequency disturbance, which represents the transient characteristics of a single stall core propagating in the circumferential direction inside the channel. The results of this study have a reference value for structural design optimization in a WJPP.

Experimental investigation of the distribution patterns of micro-scratches in abrasive waterjet cutting surface.

The existence of striations, and scratches in Abrasive waterjet (AWJ) cutting surface necessitates an exploration of these features for enhancing the cutting accuracy of AWJ machining. This article investigates surface roughness and micro-scratch morphology characteristics on brass cutting surfaces. According to the variation law of surface roughness values, the cutting section can be divided into three regions: the initial region, smooth region, and rough region. Numerous micron-scale scratches were observed in the cutting section. The scratch length, width, and depth values all show an increasing trend as the cutting depth increases, with the scratch length experiencing the greatest growth and variability. The influence of position and traverse speed on scratch size was studied using variance analysis. Furthermore, the length and width of the scratches on the cutting surface are significantly influenced by their position, accounting for 89.19% and 81.13%, respectively. Traverse speed had a minor effect on scratch length and width, accounting for 0.01% and 2.64% respectively. The depth of the scratches is influenced by their position on the cutting surface at a rate of 41.12%, while traverse speed had an impact of 38.10%. Finally, a mathematical method based on standard scores was proposed to assess the quality of the cutting section based on micro-scratch dimension.

The Advancement of Waterjet-Guided Laser Cutting System for Enhanced Surface Quality in AISI 1020 Steel Sheets.

This study investigates the effects of a water-guided laser on the cutting performance of AISI 1020 steel sheets of various thicknesses by comparing the results with respect to a conventional laser. For this purpose, a novel nozzle design has been devised enabling the delivery of laser beams to the workpiece conventionally as well as through water guidance. Diverging from prior literature, a fiber laser is used with a high wavelength and a laser power output of 1 kW. Experiments are conducted on steel sheets with thicknesses ranging from 1.5 mm to 3 mm using three different cutting speeds and laser power levels. Analysis focuses on assessing surface roughness, burr formation and heat effects on the cut surfaces for both conventional and waterjet-guided cutting. Surface roughness is evaluated by using a 3D profilometer and cut surfaces are examined through SEM imaging. The results showed that the waterjet-guided laser system greatly reduced surface roughness and minimized problems associated with traditional laser cutting such as kerf, dross adherence and thermal damage. The study revealed that cutting speed had a greater effect on surface roughness reduction than laser power, with the most noticeable differences occurring in thinner sheets. Furthermore, the investigation suggests that the waterjet-guided laser cutting system demonstrates superior performance relative to conventional methods, particularly in surface quality.

Abrasive Waterjet Machining.

The abrasive waterjet machining process was introduced in the 1980s as a new cutting tool; the process has the ability to cut almost any material. Currently, the AWJ process is used in many world-class factories, producing parts for use in daily life. A description of this process and its influencing parameters are first presented in this paper, along with process models for the AWJ tool itself and also for the jet-material interaction. The AWJ material removal process occurs through the high-velocity impact of abrasive particles, whose tips micromachine the material at the microscopic scale, with no thermal or mechanical adverse effects. The macro-characteristics of the cut surface, such as its taper, trailback, and waviness, are discussed, along with methods of improving the geometrical accuracy of the cut parts using these attributes. For example, dynamic angular compensation is used to correct for the taper and undercut in shape cutting. The surface finish is controlled by the cutting speed, hydraulic, and abrasive parameters using software and process models built into the controllers of CNC machines. In addition to shape cutting, edge trimming is presented, with a focus on the carbon fiber composites used in aircraft and automotive structures, where special AWJ tools and manipulators are used. Examples of the precision cutting of microelectronic and solar cell parts are discussed to describe the special techniques that are used, such as machine vision and vacuum-assist, which have been found to be essential to the integrity and accuracy of cut parts. The use of the AWJ machining process was extended to other applications, such as drilling, boring, milling, turning, and surface modification, which are presented in this paper as actual industrial applications. To demonstrate the versatility of the AWJ machining process, the data in this paper were selected to cover a wide range of materials, such as metal, glass, composites, and ceramics, and also a wide range of thicknesses, from 1 mm to 600 mm. The trends of Industry 4.0 and 5.0, AI, and IoT are also presented.

Jellyfish-Inspired Soft Robot Driven by Pneumatic Bistable Actuators.

Soft actuators offer numerous potential applications; however, challenges persist in achieving a high driving force and fast response speed. In this work, we present the design, fabrication, and analysis of a soft pneumatic bistable actuator (PBA) mimicking jellyfish subumbrellar muscle motion for waterjet propulsion. Drawing inspiration from the jellyfish jet propulsion and the characteristics of bistable structure, we develop an elastic band stretch prebending PBA with a simple structure, low inflation cost, exceptional driving performance, and stable driving force output. Through a bionic analysis of jellyfish body structure and motion, we integrate the PBA into a jellyfish-like prototype, enabling it to achieve jet propulsion. To enhance the swimming performance, we introduce a skin-like structure for connecting the soft actuator to the jellyfish-like soft robot prototype. This skin-like structure optimizes the fluid dynamics during jet propulsion, resulting in improved efficiency and maneuverability. Our study further analyzes the swimming performance of the jellyfish-like prototype, demonstrating a swimming speed of 3.8 cm/s (0.32 body length/s, BL/s) for the tethered prototype and 4.7 cm/s (0.38 BL/s) for the untethered prototype. Moreover, we showcase the jellyfish-like prototype's notable load-bearing capacity and fast-forward swimming performance compared to other driving methods for underwater biomimetic robots. This work provides valuable insights for the development of highly agile and fast responsive soft robots that imitate the subumbrellar muscle of jellyfish for efficient water-jet propulsion, utilizing skin-like structures to enhance swimming performance.

Unveiling the Potential of Highly Porous Covalent Organic Frameworks for Water-Jet Rewritable Papers.

The massive use of paper has resulted in significant negative impacts on the environment. Fortunately, recent progress has been made in the field of rewritable paper, which has great potential in solving the increasing demand for paper while minimizing its environmental footprint. In this work, we report a green and economic strategy to develop ink-free rewritable paper by introducing hydrochromic covalent organic frameworks (COFs) in paper and using water as the sole trigger. When exposed to water or acidic solvents, two kinds of imino COFs change their colors reversibly from red to black. Additionally, a new visible absorption band appears, indicating that it can be transformed into another structure reversibly. This reversibility may be due to the isomerization from the diiminol to an iminol/cisketoenamine and its inability to doubly tautomerize to a diketoenamine. Specifically, we prepared the rewritable paper by loading these two COFs onto filter paper by using the decompression filtration method. When exposed to water, the paper undergoes a color change from red to black, which shows promising potential for applications in water-jet printing. Additionally, there is no significant performance degradation after 20 uses and 10 days between, further highlighting their potential as rewritable papers. To further improve its uniformity, we take the interface polymerization strategy to yield highly crystalline and more compact membranes, which are then transferred to paper to prepare writable papers. Our research has opened up a way for the application of COFs as a water-based printing material.

A Review of Waterjet Cutting Research towards microAWJ and the Definition of the Waterjet Digital Twin.

This review paper aimed to draw the red line passing through almost 25 years of research on waterjet cutting carried out at WJ_Lab, the waterjet laboratory of the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Politecnico di Milano. The purpose was not to just historically analyse the obtained scientific results by themselves but to make them even more useful by introducing the concept of the waterjet digital twin passing through the accuracy improvements due to microAWJ. This strategy effectively creates synergy among the topics and gives the opportunity to researchers in this field to both have an example of how research in industrial manufacturing processes can be guided by scientific and industrial needs, at least from the author's point of view, and to appreciate how it can be made useful for further improvements by introducing a powerful concept as the digital twin.

Ultrasonic-Vibration-Assisted Waterjet Drilling of [0/45/-45/90]2s Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates.

The pure waterjet (WJ) drilling process of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates causes damage, such as tears and delamination, leading to poor-quality hole-wall. Ultrasonic-vibration-assisted technology can improve the quality of hole walls and repair such damage, particularly the delamination of CFRP laminates. In this study, we conducted a numerical and experimental investigation of a high-pressure pure WJ drilling process of CFRP laminates performed using ultrasonic vibration to improve the delamination phenomena of the pure WJ drilling process. An explicit dynamic model using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method was employed to simulate the ultrasonic-vibration-assisted WJ drilling of CFRP laminates and ascertain the optimal drilling performance. Thereafter, WJ drilling experiments were conducted to verify the numerical simulation. The results illustrate that the employment of ultrasonic vibration significantly increased the material removal rate by approximately 20%. Moreover, the water-wedging action that induces the propagation of delamination was weakened with an increase in the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration. The hole-wall quality was optimal with the following drilling parameters: amplitude, 10 µm; frequency, 20 kHz; and WJ velocity, 900 m/s. The delamination zone length was only 0.19 mm and was reduced by 85.6% compared with the values obtained using non-assisted WJ drilling.

A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm Phase I Trial of Dual-Wield Parenchymal Transection: A New Technique of Liver Resection Using the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator and Water-Jet Scalpel Simultaneously (HiSCO-14 Trial).

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a technique of liver resection named dual-wield parenchymal transection technique (DWT), using cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) and water-jet scalpel simultaneously. METHODS: This multicenter, prospective, open-label, and single-arm phase I trial included patients aged 20 years or older with hepatic tumors indicated for surgical resection and scheduled for open radical resection. This study was conducted at two institutions affiliated with the Hiroshima Surgical Study Group of Clinical Oncology (HiSCO). The primary endpoint was the proportion of massive intraoperative blood loss (≥ 1000 mL). The secondary endpoints were the amount of blood loss, operative time, parenchymal transection speed, postoperative complications, and mortality. The safety endpoints were device failure and adverse events associated with devices. RESULTS: From June 2022 to May 2023, 20 patients were enrolled; one was excluded and 19 were included in the full analysis set (FAS). In the FAS, segmentectomy was performed in nine cases, sectionectomy in four cases, and hemihepatectomy in six cases. Radical resection was achieved in all patients. Intraoperative blood loss greater than 1000 mL was observed in five patients (26.3%). The median amount of blood loss was 545 mL (range, 180-4413), and blood transfusions were performed on two patients (10.5%). The median operative time was 346 minutes (range, 238-543) and the median parenchymal transection speed was 1.2 cm2/minute (range, 0.5-5.1). Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ Grade 3 occurred in four patients (21.1%). No mortalities occurred in this study. In the safety analysis, there were no device failures or adverse events associated with devices. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the safety and feasibility of DWT for liver resection. The efficacy of the DWT will be evaluated in future clinical trials.

Laparoscopic Liver Resection Utilizing a Water Jet Scalpel for Patients With Liver Fibrosis.

Introduction A variety of devices are utilized in order to resect liver parenchyma in laparoscopic liver resection. However, liver fibrosis makes hepatectomy problematic because the liver is rigid and prone to bleeding. The water jet scalpel, which dissociates the liver parenchyma with a jet stream has no thermal damage and is clinically utilized in liver resection, but its safety and efficacy during laparoscopic liver resection for patients with liver fibrosis remain unknown. Methods We analyzed patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection utilizing the water jet scalpel with liver fibrosis at our hospital. A water jet scalpel was used for liver parenchymal transection, and a saline-linked ball-tipped electrocautery was simultaneously used for hemostasis. Results Subsectionectomy was one case, left lateral sectionectomy was two cases, and non-anatomical liver resection was three cases. The median blood loss was 70 mL (24-104 mL). There was no need for the intraoperative Pringle's maneuver. No perioperative blood transfusion was performed, and there were no postoperative complications, including posthepatectomy liver failure. Conclusion It was suggested that laparoscopic liver resection in patients with liver fibrosis can be safely performed with the water jet scalpel.

Modeling and Machine Learning of Vibration Amplitude and Surface Roughness after Waterjet Cutting.

This study focused on analyzing vibrations during waterjet cutting with variable technological parameters (speed, vfi; and pressure, pi), using a three-axis accelerometer from SEQUOIA for three different materials: aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, and steel. Difficult-to-machine materials often require specialized tools and machinery for machining; however, waterjet cutting offers an alternative. Vibrations during this process can affect the quality of cutting edges and surfaces. Surface roughness was measured by contact methods after waterjet cutting. A machine learning (ML) model was developed using the obtained maximum acceleration values and surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rz, and RSm). In this study, five different models were adopted. Due to the characteristics of the data, five regression methods were selected: Random Forest Regressor, Linear Regression, Gradient Boosting Regressor, LGBM Regressor, and XGBRF Regressor. The maximum vibration amplitude reached the lowest acceleration value for aluminum alloy (not exceeding 5 m/s2), indicating its susceptibility to cutting while maintaining a high surface quality. However, significantly higher acceleration amplitudes (up to 60 m/s2) were registered for steel and titanium alloy in all process zones. The predicted roughness parameters were determined from the developed models using second-degree regression equations. The prediction of vibration parameters and surface quality estimators after waterjet cutting can be a useful tool that for allows for the selection of the optimal abrasive waterjet machining (AWJM) technological parameters.

Trimming of sheep spinal cord by waterjet; an experimental study.

The spinal cord is a structure of nervous tissue that primarily transmits nerve signals from the motor cortex to the body and from the afferent fibers of the sensory neurons to the sensory cortex. It is enveloped by three layers of meninges. Covering provides a supportive framework for the cerebral and cranial vasculature and protects the central nervous system (CNS) from mechanical damage. Surgical operation in the vicinity of the spinal cord is complicated and risky because it exposes it to probably irreversible damage. To reduce the risk of these operations, attempts have been made to remove the tumor using safer methods like waterjet operation. In these methods, the waterjet and spinal cord interaction are inevitable. To secure interaction of operation, a standard development of waterjet criteria is necessary. In this study, a system of waterjet is designed to perform sheep spinal cord as a tissue with a good resemblance to the human spinal cord. Effects of interaction between waterjet and sheep spinal cord are investigated to define a safe operation threshold. The impact of the liquid density of waterjet on failure criteria of spinal cord surgery is also investigated. Results show that meninges are stiff enough to protect the sheep spinal cord from rupture for pressures up to 8 bar; however internal spinal cord tissue cannot be guaranteed any damage. Three essential parameters represent the spinal cord meninges and spinal cord deformation during the tests. These parameters lead us to provide standard criteria for damage prevention of the spinal cord.

Case report: Minimal tissue damage and low coagulation liver resection for hepatoblastoma using indocyanine green fluorescence and water-jet dissector.

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green (ICG) has gained popularity in pediatric surgery as it has in general surgery. In addition, a water-jet dissector (WJD) has been successfully introduced in adult hepatic surgery. Tissue structures are dissected selectively and gently by the WJD. However, there have been no reports of hepatic resection for pediatric patients using a WJD. We applied NIR fluorescence imaging with ICG to visualize the resection line of the liver and used a WJD for liver parenchyma dissection in pediatric hepatoblastoma. The patient was a 3-year-old girl with a large liver tumor. Enhanced computed tomography revealed a liver tumor (maximum diameter: 120 mm) in the right lobe and three small lung metastases. The liver tumor was diagnosed as hepatoblastoma (PRETEXT 2) based on an open biopsy. We performed right hepatectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The right lobe was mobilized from the diaphragm, and then intraoperative ultrasound was performed to detect the localization of the tumor and its proximity to the vascular structures. We detected the right hepatic artery (RHA), right portal vein (RPV), and right hepatic vein (RHV). The middle hepatic vein was not involved. After ligation of the RHA and RPV to selectively control the right lobe inflow, ICG was administered intravenously and observed by an NIR endoscope. The resection line was clearly visualized by overlaying images in comparison to conventional demarcation line detection. Then, we used a WJD to dissect the parenchyma. Small vessels were divided from parenchymal tissue and were clearly visible. We resected them after clamping with metal clips. Finally, the RHV was transected by a linear stapler, and right hepatectomy was completed with 25 ml of blood loss. There was no postoperative hemorrhage. We performed hepaticojejunostomy because of stricture of the common bile duct on postoperative day 302. The patient was discharged after adjuvant chemotherapy. NIR imaging clearly showed the resection line. The WJD automatically separated, and thus made visible, the more resistant duct and vessel structures from the parenchyma. The combined use of NIR imaging and WJD was useful for pediatric hepatectomy.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms in men. When drug treatment is ineffective or conventional surgery is not suitable, novel minimally invasive therapies can be considered. These include prostatic urethral lift, prostatic artery embolisation, water vapor thermal therapy, Aquablation-image guided robotic waterjet ablation, temporary implantable nitinol device and prostatic stents. These novel therapies can be performed in outpatient setting under local anesthesia, with shorter operative and recovery times, and better protection of ejaculatory function and erectile function. General conditions of the patient and advantages and disadvantages of the each of these therapies should be fully considered to make individualized plans.

Study of Abrasive Water Jet Machining as a Texturing Operation for Thin Aluminium Alloy UNS A92024.

Surface modification of metallic alloys can create hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces that enhance the functional performance of the material. For example, hydrophilic surfaces have improved wettability, which improves mechanical anchorage in adhesive bonding operations. This wettability is directly related to the type of texture created on the surface and the roughness obtained after the surface modification process. This paper presents the use of abrasive water jetting as an optimal technology for the surface modification of metal alloys. A correct combination of high traverse speeds at low hydraulic pressures minimises the power of the water jet and allows for the removal of small layers of material. The erosive nature of the material removal mechanism creates a high surface roughness, which increases its surface activation. In this way, the influence of texturing with and without abrasive has been evaluated, reaching combinations where the absence of abrasive particles can produce surfaces of interest. In the results obtained, the influence of the most relevant texturing parameters between hydraulic pressure, traverse speed, abrasive flow and spacing has been determined. This has allowed a relationship to be established between these variables and surface quality in terms of Sa, Sz and Sk, as well as wettability.

Analysis of Vibration, Deflection Angle and Surface Roughness in Water-Jet Cutting of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy and Simulation of Selected Surface Roughness Parameters Using ANN.

The use of magnesium alloys in various industries and commerce is increasing due to their properties such as high strength and casting properties, high vibration damping capability, good shielding of electromagnetic radiation and high machinability. Conventional machining methods can, however, pose a risk of ignition. AWJM is a safe alternative to conventional machining, but the deflection and vibration of the water jet can affect surface quality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selected AWJM parameters on the surface quality and vibration of machined magnesium alloys. Jet deflection angle, surface roughness parameters and vibration during AWJM were investigated. The findings showed that higher skewness occurred at a lower abrasive flow rate, while higher average values of the Sku roughness parameter were obtained at ma = 8 g/s in the range of 60-140 mm/min. It was also observed that higher vibration values occurred at ma = 8 g/s. The input parameters for creating an artificial neural network (ANN) model used in this study were the cutting speed vf and the mass flow rate ma. The results of this study provided valuable insights into ways of ensuring a safe and efficient machining environment for magnesium alloys. The use of ANN modeling for predicting the vibration and surface roughness of AZ91D magnesium alloy after water-jet cutting could be an effective tool for optimizing AWJM parameters.

Experimental Study on Coaxial Waterjet-Assisted Laser Scanning Machining of Nickel-Based Special Alloy.

The problems of the recast layer, oxide layer, and heat-affected zone (HAZ) in conventional laser machining seriously impact material properties. Coaxial waterjet-assisted laser scanning machining (CWALSM) can reduce the conduction and accumulation of heat in laser machining by the high specific heat capacity of water and can realize the machining of nickel-based special alloy with almost no thermal damage. With the developed experimental setup, the laser ablation threshold and drilling experiments of the K4002 nickel-based special alloy were carried out. The effects of various factors on the thermal damage thickness were studied with an orthogonal experiment. Experimental results have indicated that the ablation threshold of K4002 nickel-based special alloy by a single pulse is 4.15 J/cm2. The orthogonal experiment results have shown that the effects of each factor on the thermal damage thickness are in the order of laser pulse frequency, waterjet speed, pulse overlap rate, laser pulse energy, and focal plane position. When the laser pulse energy is 0.21 mJ, the laser pulse frequency is 1 kHz, the pulse overlap is 55%, the focal plane position is 1 mm, and the waterjet speed is 6.98 m/s, no thermal damage machining can be achieved. In addition, a comparative experiment with laser drilling in the air was carried out under the same conditions. The results have shown that compared with laser machining in the air, the thermal damage thickness of CWALSM is smaller than 1 µm, and the hole taper is reduced by 106%. There is no accumulation and burr around the hole entrance, and the thermal damage thickness range is 0-0.996 µm. Furthermore, the thermal damage thickness range of laser machining in the air is 0.499-2.394 µm. It has also been found that the thermal damage thickness is greatest at the entrance to the hole, decreasing as the distance from the entrance increases.

Improving Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Natural Rubber by Using Waterjet-Produced Rubber Powder as a Carrier.

Carbon nanotube (CNT), as reinforcing agents in natural rubber (NR), has gained a large amount of consideration due to their excellent properties. Uniform dispersion of CNT is the key to obtaining high-performance NR nanocomposites. In this contribution, a novel ultrasonic grinding dispersion method of CNT with waterjet-produced rubber powder (WPRP) as a carrier is proposed. Microscopic morphologies show that a Xanthium-like structure with WPRP as the core and CNTs as the spikes is formed, which significantly improves the dispersion of CNT in the NR matrix and simultaneously strengthens the bonding of the WPRP and NR matrix. With the increase in the WPRP loading, the Payne effect of CNT/WPRP/NR composites decreases, indicating the effectiveness of the dispersion method. The vulcanization MH and ML value and crosslinking density increase with the increase in the WPRP loading, whereas the scorch time and cure time exhibit a decreasing trend when the WPRP loading is less than 15 phr. It is found that the CNT/WPRP/NR composites filled with 5 phr WPRP have a 4% increase in 300% modulus, a 3% increase in tensile strength, while a 5% decrease in Akron abrasion loss, compared to CNT/NR composites.