Management of child camps: a structured literature review and new directions / Gestão de campos de férias para crianças: uma revisão estruturada da literatura e novas direções / Gestión de campamentos infantiles: una revisión estructurada de la literatura y nuevas direcciones

The study of child camps has grown over the last years. Still, the common use of different terminology and the dispersion of the information in literature regarding camps management, makes it difficult to clarify research and hinder the improvement of managerial practices. This study aims to synthetise existent knowledge in child camps' management, identify inconsistencies and gaps in the literature, and set directions for future research and practice on child camps. A structured review of peer-reviewed articles published between 1950-2021 was conducted. Results indicate that half of the studies used the term "summer camp"; but other ten different terms were also used. Five different management areas were identified: safety, consumer behaviour, human resources, event planning and camp research. Gaps were also identified in the literature. These findings are important to set new research avenues and to improve practice. (AU)

O estudo dos campos de férias para crianças aumentou nos últimos anos. Todavia, a utilização de diferentes termos e a dispersão da informação na literatura acerca da gestão destes eventos dificulta o esclarecimento das diretrizes de pesquisa, por um lado, e dificulta a melhoria das práticas de gestão, por outro. Este estudo visa sintetizar o conhecimento existente na gestão destes eventos, identificar inconsistências e lacunas na literatura, e definir direções para futuras pesquisas e práticas. Foi realizada uma revisão estruturada de estudos publicados entre 1950-2021. Metade dos estudos utilizou o termo "campos de verão"; mas também foram utilizados outros dez termos diferentes. Foram identificadas cinco áreas de gestão: segurança, comportamento do consumidor, recursos humanos, organização de eventos e pesquisa em campos de férias. Foram ainda identificadas lacunas na literatura. Estes resultados são importantes para definir novos caminhos de pesquisa e melhorar a gestão destes eventos. (AU)

El estudio de los campamentos de verano para niños se ha incrementado en los últimos años. Pero, el uso de términos diferentes, y la dispersión de información en la literatura, sobre la gestión de estos eventos, dificulta la clarificación de las directrices de investigación, e impide que los gestores mejoren sus prácticas. Este estudio buscó sintetizar el conocimiento existente en la gestión de estos eventos, identificar inconsistencias y lagunas en la literatura y definir direcciones para futuras investigaciones y prácticas. Se realizó una revisión estructurada de estudios publicados entre 1950-2021. La mitad de los estudios utilizaron "campamento de verano"; pero también se utilizaron otros diez términos diferentes. Se identificaron cinco áreas de gestión: seguridad, comportamiento del consumidor, recursos humanos, organización de eventos y investigación en campamentos de verano. También se identificaron lagunas en la literatura. Estos resultados son importantes para definir nuevos caminos de investigación y mejorar la gestión de estos eventos. (AU)

Podendo ser si-mesmo: experiências de adolescentes com doenças crônicas de pele em acampamento / Libre para ser sí-mismo: experiencias de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas de piel en campamento / Freedom of being yourself: experiences of adolescents with chronic skin diseases at a camp

Resumo Objetivo compreender as experiências de adolescentes com doenças crônicas de pele que participaram de acampamento. Método estudo fenomenológico, com seis adolescentes com diagnóstico de doença crônica de pele, participantes de acampamento no Brasil. Coleta de dados: foram realizadas entrevistas fenomenológicas, no período de julho de 2015 a janeiro de 2016. Resultados três categorias temáticas emergiram e possibilitaram a compreensão do fenômeno. Participar do acampamento acarreta mudança na vida dos adolescentes e em seus modos-de-ser no mundo cotidiano. Impulsiona-os a refletir sobre o estigma já vivenciado anteriormente e as novas experiências, após participarem do acampamento, os auxilia no enfrentamento dos desafios da própria vida de maneira mais otimista. Conclusão Para os adolescentes, a experiência de participar do acampamento é transformadora, devido à possibilidade do encontro com pares e de vivenciar um ambiente livre de preconceito, permitindo ao adolescente ser si-mesmo. Implicações para prática Os acampamentos promovem interação entre pares, sendo estratégias acessíveis para profissionais de saúde, especialmente aos enfermeiros. Intervenções que, de fato, promovam assistência integral à saúde de crianças e adolescentes com condições crônicas de saúde e seus familiares, além da articulação entre serviços de complexidades distintas e seus profissionais de saúde, podem garantir o acesso ao cuidado de qualidade.

Resumen Objetivo Comprender las experiencias de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas de piel que participaron de campamento. Método Estudio fenomenológico con seis adolescentes diagnosticados con la enfermedad, participantes del campamento en Brasil. Recopilación de datos: se realizaron entrevistas fenomenológicas desde julio/2015 hasta enero/2016. Resultados Tres categorías temáticas permitieron la comprensión del fenómeno. Participar de campamento produce cambios en la vida de los adolescentes y en sus modos-de-ser en el mundo cotidiano. Los influye a reflexionar sobre el estigma que han experimentado y las nuevas experiencias, después de participaren del campamento, los ayuda a enfrentar los desafíos de la vida de manera más optimista. Conclusión La experiencia del campamento es transformadora debido a la posibilidad de reunirse con sus compañeros y experimentar un ambiente libre de prejuicios, lo que permite que el adolescente sea si-mismo. Implicaciones para la práctica Los campamentos promueven interacción entre pares y son estrategias accesibles para los profesionales de salud, especialmente las enfermeras. Las intervenciones que, de hecho, promueven la atención integral de la salud para niños y adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas y sus familias, así como la articulación entre los servicios de diferentes complejidades y sus profesionales de salud, pueden garantizar el acceso a una atención de calidad.

Abstract Objective To understand the experiences of adolescents with chronic skin diseases who participated in a camp. Method Phenomenological study with six adolescents diagnosed with chronic skin disease, participants in a camp in Brazil. Data collection: phenomenological interviews were conducted from July 2015 to January 2016. Results Three thematic categories emerged and enabled the understanding of the phenomenon. Participating in the camp brings about change in the lives of adolescents and their ways of being in the everyday world. It encourages them to reflect on the stigma they have experienced before and the new experiences, after attending the camp, help them to cope with life's challenges in a more optimistic way. Conclusion For the adolescents, the experience of participating in the camp is transformative due to the possibility of meeting with peers and experiencing an environment free of prejudice, allowing the adolescent to be him/herself. Implications for practice Camps promote interaction among peers, being accessible strategies for health professionals, especially nurses. Interventions that, in fact, promote comprehensive health care for children and adolescents with chronic health conditions and their families, as well as the articulation between services of different complexities and their health professionals, can guarantee access to quality care.

Effects of a physical activity and nutritional intervention in overweight and obese children through an educational and recreational camp.

BACKGROUND:: Educational camps have hosted millions of children around the world. However, few studies have described their benefits on weight control and health promotion for overweight and obese children. AIM:: To investigate the impact of a health educational program for children composed of 5 days of camp and a 12-week follow up on the physical activity level, sedentary behaviour, anthropometric data and food intake in overweight and obese children. METHODS:: 12 children attended the Health Educational Program for Children divided into two phases. Phase 1 consisted of pre-assessments and Phase 2 corresponded to 12 weeks of follow up. Physical activity level, sedentary behaviour and food intake were assessed throughout the questionnaire. RESULTS:: After the follow up, 25% of the children became active (>1500 and <3000 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks per week). In contrast, the number of sedentary children (<600 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks per week) decreased by 15% and insufficiently active (600-1500 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks per week) increased by 15%. The physical activity level of leisure time increased significantly throughout weekdays (26.0%) and weekends (14.1%) after the follow up compared to before the camp. Sedentary behaviour showed a significant reduction of 177.14 and 41.43 minutes on weekdays and weekends, respectively. Before the camp, the consumption of sugar and sweets was out of control (100% inadequate), and after the intervention, 58.4% started to consume these foods in a balanced way. CONCLUSIONS:: The Health Educational Program for Children (5-day camp and the 12 weeks of follow up) contributed to an increase in the physical activity level and a reduction in the sedentary behaviour and anthropometric measures in overweight and obese children.

The Psychological Impact of First Burn Camp in Nicaragua.

Asociacion Pro-Ninos Quemados de Nicaragua (APROQUEN) is a comprehensive burn center that provides a holistic and integrated approach to treating burns. APROQUEN has set the standards internationally with acute treatment for burns, intensive care, reconstructive surgeries, nutritional care, rehabilitation, occupational therapy, and psychological treatment. APROQUEN is excelling within Central and South America with life-saving techniques and quality of care. It is imperative that burn centers in Central America recognize that the treatment of a child with a burn injury surpasses physical care to include psychological treatment for the complete well-being of the child. It is necessary to provide the tools necessary to reintegrate the child back into their environment. APROQUEN developed and implemented the first burn camp in Latin America, "Confio en Mi" (I trust myself). The camp theme focused on self-esteem. The camp program included theory (educational) and practice (applied) components where the campers through "classroom type" activities had the opportunity to reflect and share with other campers and camp staff on self-esteem, depression, and anxiety. Participants were children who survived major burns (N = 33; 58% women; ages 12-25; 61% <18) and were shown to have difficulty socializing. Comprehensive interviews were conducted to ensure fit for camp. Forty-two percent of the campers had not slept away from home since the burn injury. Mean TBSA = 20% and mean age at time of burn injury was 13. The majority of campers (46%) endured flame burn injuries, with 24% having scald injuries. Mean years postburn = 4.8 + 3.2. Most campers (40%) were enrolled in secondary school, 30% in elementary school, and 21% in college. Standardized measures (CDI-2 Parent Form and Child Form, Rosenberg Scale, APROQUEN Burn Camp Measure Parent and Child Form, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory) were given to all campers prior to attending camp. The same measures were given 2 weeks after the camp and again at 6 months. Paired samples' t-tests were conducted and significance was set at P <.05. The results indicate that Camp Confio en Mi had a significant impact on campers' level of anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. Future burn camps are an important part of the continued advancement of postpediatric burn care in Nicaragua. This study reveals the importance of future researches necessity to focus on generalizing the results of this study to other children who have experienced similar burn injuries.

Benefícios da participação em um acampamento no autocuidado de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes: percepção das mães / Benefits of participation in a summer camp to self-care for children and adolescents with diabetes: the perception of mothers

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção das mães a respeito dos benefícios na rotina de seus filhos em relação ao autocuidado, após estes participarem de um acampamento de férias para jovens com diabetes. Métodos: Estudo descritivo qualitativo, realizado à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico e da Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo, com sete mães que foram entrevistadas. Os dados foram codificados e agrupados por similaridade, emergindo as categorias temáticas. Resultados: Revelaram a importância do acampamento para promover a educação do autocuidado da criança/adolescente com diabetes, e os benefícios decorrentes dessa experiência, como promoção da independência, melhor controle e aceitação da doença, prazer em participar e extensão dos benefícios à família. Considerações Finais: O acampamento mostrou-se importante para promoção do autocuidado da criança/adolescente com diabetes e possibilitou a reflexão sobre como aprimorar essa modalidade educacional para que os conhecimentos e habilidades em diabetes desenvolvidos pela criança/adolescente possam ser ainda mais eficazes e duradores.

[From educational and health tourism for children to social tourism: vacation camps in the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina]. / Del turismo escolar y sanitario infantil al turismo social: colonias de vacaciones en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The early twentieth century saw the rise of vacation camps for frail children as educational and health-giving experiences provided by medical and philanthropic organizations. This article analyzes some of these early experiences, seen here as the predecessors of social tourism, in the Province of Buenos Aires. A combination of written sources are examined, mainly institutional reports, periodicals such as the Monitor de la Educación Común - published by the Consejo Nacional de Educación (National Board of Education) - or laws, with photographs and plans for different examples. I argue that these buildings were both physical and cultural "brands" in the places where they were located, and that their architectural structure encapsulated ideas about leisure space and cures in unique natural environments.

Opportunities for promoting youth physical activity: an examination of youth summer camps.

BACKGROUND: Youth summer camp programs have the potential to provide opportunities for physical activity, but little to no research has been conducted to determine activity levels of campers. This study aimed to examine physical activity occurring in day and resident summer camps and how activity levels differed in these camps based upon demographic characteristics. METHODS: Pedometer data were collected during hours of camp operation from 150 day campers and 114 resident campers between the ages of 8 and 12 years old. Independent t tests were used to compare physical activity by sex, race, and Body Mass Index. RESULTS: Campers at day camps averaged 11,916 steps per camp day, while resident campers averaged 19,699 steps per camp day. Day campers averaged 1586 steps per hour over 7.5 hour days and resident campers averaged 1515 steps per hour over 13 hour days. Male sex, Caucasian race, and normal Body Mass Index were significant correlates of more physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Youth summer camps demonstrate the potential to provide ample opportunities for physical activity during the summer months. Traditional demographic disparities persisted in camps, but the structure of camp programs should allow for changes to increase physical activity for all participants.

O ataque dos malditos – Bang-Bang-Tum: acampamentos indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul, uma realidade contada por crianças e adolescentes indígenas de Kurussu Ambá / Indigenous settlements of Mato Grosso do Sul, a reality told by indigenous children and adolescents of Kurussu Ambá

O presente estudo tem como objetivo narrar uma experiência com crianças, adolescentes e jovens Guarani Kaiowá em acampamentos indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul, apresentando a realidade vivida após episódios de conflitos e expulsão de terra. Esse povo Kurussu Ambá é originário da Terra Indígena Taquaperi, localizada na região de fronteira com o Paraguai, no município de Coronel Sapucaia. A expulsão de sua área, entre ataques e conflitos, fez que o povo desse território formasse acampamentos. O presente relato é um recorte temporal, histórico e geográfico e traz, portanto, fatos históricos da comunidade e uma compreensão da vivência do grupo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, observações, oficinas lúdicas na referida comunidade, durante o contato com crianças, adolescentes e alguns líderes. Assim, pôde-se entender a vulnerabilidade do grupo ante as situações de conflitos e violência que ele passa. (AU)

The present study aims to narrating an experience with children, adolescents and young indigenous Guarani Kaiowá camps of Mato Grosso do Sul, with the reality experienced after episodes of conflict and expulsion of land. These people Ambá originate Taquaperi Indigenous Land, located in the border region with Paraguay, the city of Coronel Sapucaia. The expulsion of its area, between attacks and conflicts, has made the people of this territory formed camps. This report is the time frame, historical and geographical and brings the refore historical facts of the community and an understanding of the experiences of the group. Data were collected through interviews, observations, workshops playful in that community during contact with children, adolescents and some leaders. Thus, one could understand the vulnerability of the group compared the situations of conflict and violence that they spend. (AU)

Informational ergonomics and design: signage design for Monte Sião Camp.

This paper refers to the development of a signage system, driven by the vector of Signage Design and Informational Ergonomics associated with Regulatory Standards. The methodology of the Ergonomic Intervention of Moraes and Mont'Alvão (2003), in its early stages, and the Method of the Signage Pyramid of Calori (2007) were used to develop the research, data collection and analysis and to guide the design by a signaling system. The system contemplated by this job is called Mount Zion, a site of 19 hectares, which has signs of disturbance. As a result, we obtained a signaling system, with graphic features that refer to formal-site, capable of meeting the needs of orientation and displacement inherent to the site.

Os impactos na saúde no período de formação da oficial combatente / Health impacts during the formation of the official fighter

O foco deste trabalho monográfico é demonstrar que durante o período de formação no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, as alunas estão mais sujeitas a se lesionarem do que os alunos durante as instruções técnico-profissionais, assim como são passíveis de algum agravo, mesmo que temporário, também a nível psicológico, ambos se devendo às próprias diferenças estruturais e fisiológicas entre os gêneros, bem como de um certo grau de discriminação com a mulher numa atividade operacional tipicamente masculina. Destacamos que as lesões mais frequentes ocorrem no aparelho osteolocomotor, seguidas das disfunções e infecções ginecológicas e das lesões de pele. A pesquisa baseou-se na revisão de prontuários médicos num questionário aplicado a todo efetivo feminino de cadetes da Academia de Bombeiros Militar D. Pedro II e na revisão bibliográfica.

Educational camp for children with asthma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a 5-day educational camp program for children with asthma in terms of improving their knowledge of asthma and enhancing their performance in the use of inhaled medication and in physical activities. METHODS: Every day, the children received 20-min interactive educational sessions, the technique for using the metered-dose inhaler was reviewed, two peak flow readings were recorded, and the children performed physical activities that included breathing and relaxation exercises. A questionnaire regarding knowledge of asthma, as well as asthma triggers, asthma medications, misconceptions regarding asthma, and the use of spacers, was administered before and after the intervention. Correct use of inhaled medication and exercise-related symptoms were also evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS: A total of 37 children with asthma, aged 8-10 years (15 females and 22 males), were included in this study. Of those, 25% showed an improvement in the level of knowledge of asthma after the educational camp program, as evidenced by the greater number of correct answers on three of the twelve questions analyzed (p < 0.05). The exercise-related dyspnea scores decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The ability to use inhaled medication correctly was significantly improved after the intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The asthma educational camp program can improve knowledge about specific questions, encourage participation in physical activities, and improve the asthma management skills of children.

Acampamento educacional para crianças asmáticas / Educational camp for children with asthma

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto de um programa de acampamento educacional para crianças asmáticas, com duração de cinco dias, em termos da melhora do nível de conhecimento sobre a asma e da melhora da destreza no uso de medicação inalatória e na execução de exercícios físicos. MÉTODOS: Diariamente, as crianças recebiam 20 min de educação interativa, a técnica do uso do inalador dosimetrado era revista, realizavam-se duas medidas de pico de fluxo, e as crianças realizavam atividades físicas que incluíam exercícios respiratórios e de relaxamento. Um questionário que avaliava o conhecimento das crianças sobre a asma, os desencadeadores da crise, a medicação, os conceitos errôneos e o uso de espaçadores foi aplicado antes e após a intervenção. O uso correto da medicação inalatória e os sintomas relacionados às atividades físicas também foram avaliados antes e após a intervenção. RESULTADOS: Um total de 37 crianças asmáticas, 15 meninas e 22 meninos (idade de 8 a 10 anos), foi avaliado. Desse total, 25 por cento apresentaram melhora do nível de conhecimento específico sobre a asma, a qual foi demonstrada pelo maior número de acertos em três das doze questões analisadas (p < 0,05). Os escores de dispnéia relacionada à atividade física diminuíram significativamente após a intervenção (p < 0,05). A habilidade para usar corretamente a medicação inalatória foi significativamente maior após a intervenção (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: O programa de acampamento educacional pode aumentar o conhecimento sobre questões específicas, encorajar a participação em atividades físicas e melhorar a habilidade das crianças no manejo da asma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a 5-day educational camp program for children with asthma in terms of improving their knowledge of asthma and enhancing their performance in the use of inhaled medication and in physical activities. METHODS: Every day, the children received 20-min interactive educational sessions, the technique for using the metered-dose inhaler was reviewed, two peak flow readings were recorded, and the children performed physical activities that included breathing and relaxation exercises. A questionnaire regarding knowledge of asthma, as well as asthma triggers, asthma medications, misconceptions regarding asthma, and the use of spacers, was administered before and after the intervention. Correct use of inhaled medication and exercise-related symptoms were also evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS: A total of 37 children with asthma, aged 8-10 years (15 females and 22 males), were included in this study. Of those, 25 percent showed an improvement in the level of knowledge of asthma after the educational camp program, as evidenced by the greater number of correct answers on three of the twelve questions analyzed (p < 0.05). The exercise-related dyspnea scores decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The ability to use inhaled medication correctly was significantly improved after the intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The asthma educational camp program can improve knowledge about specific questions, encourage participation in physical activities, and improve the asthma management skills of children.

[Frequency of exercise-induced asthma in a group of children and adolescents with mild asthma attending a summer camp]. / Frecuencia de asma inducida por ejercicio en un grupo de niños y adolescentes con asma leve que acudieron a un campamento de verano.

BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced asthma is a transitory bronchospasm, which occurs after 6 to 8 minutes of continuous exercise. Diagnosis is done by a suggestive clinical history and by 15 to 20% post-challenge fall in FEV1. It happens in about 6 to 13% of general population, 90% of asthmatic individuals and 40% of individuals with allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE: To know the frequency of asthma induced by exercise in a group of asthmatic children and teenagers who went to a summer camp. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study, which included 33 patients suffering from intermittent mild asthma, was based on espirometric measurements made before and after 8 minutes of continuous exercise (running). None of them had previous diagnosis of exercise-induced asthma. FEV1 greater than or equal to 15% was considered exercise-induced asthma. The test was performed at a room temperature of 73F and humidity of 40%. All patients were asymptomatic before the study and were given short-acting inhaled beta2-agonists as rescue medication, which was not administered during the 12 previous hours to the test. Data analysis was made by means of descriptive statistic. RESULTS: Thirty-three children aged 8-16 years with diagnosis of asthma were studied, with an average age of 12.5 years; 42.4% were female and 57.5% male. Of the 33 patients, 6 had (18.2%) a 15% fall in FEV1 after exercise; 50% of these patients showed exercise-induced mild asthma, 33% moderate and 17% severe. At the end of the test, in six patients (100%) FEV1 increased by 15%, five minutes after the administration of a beta2-agonist. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise-induced asthma is frequent among asthmatic pediatric patients, occurring in 18.8% of this study. Likelihood of having exercise-induced asthma must be deliberately investigated in all asthmatic patients, in order to establish an opportune diagnosis of this condition and provide recommendations of preventing therapy.

Intestinal parasites and commensals among individuals from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

We evaluated the occurrence of intestinal parasites and commensals among children and adults from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from October to November 2001. Stool samples from 78 individuals were examined by both the Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. Fifty-one (65.4%; CI 54.8 - 76.0) individuals were found to be infected, 23 (45.1%) children and 28 (54.9%) adults, of whom 34 (66.7%) were mono-infected, 9 (17.6%) bi-infected, and 8 (15.7%) poly-infected. In conclusion, the high prevalence of intestinal parasites and commensals suggests that parasitological exams should be periodically carried out in addition to the sanitation education and health special care in this population.

Intestinal parasites and commensals among individuals from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

We evaluated the occurrence of intestinal parasites and commensals among children and adults from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from October to November 2001. Stool samples from 78 individuals were examined by both the Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. Fifty-one (65.4 percent; CI 54.8 - 76.0) individuals were found to be infected, 23 (45.1 percent) children and 28 (54.9 percent) adults, of whom 34 (66.7 percent) were mono-infected, 9 (17.6 percent) bi-infected, and 8 (15.7 percent) poly-infected. In conclusion, the high prevalence of intestinal parasites and commensals suggests that parasitological exams should be periodically carried out in addition to the sanitation education and health special care in this population

Projeto "Diabetes Weekend": proposta de educação em diabnetes mellitus tipo 1 / Diabetes Weekend Project: proposal for education on type 1 diabetes mellitus

A educação em diabetes é parte imprescindível do tratamento do paciente, associado ao controle metabõlico adequado, atividade física e dieta. O maior nível de conhecimento sobre a doença e suas complicações estão relacionadas a uma melhora da qualidade de vida, com redução do número de crises de hipoglicemia, menor número de internações hospitalares, melhor controle metabõlico e maior aceitação da doença. Apresenta-se uma proposta de educação em diabetes na forma de colõnia de fim de semana associada a educação via internet, através do projeto educacional Diabetes Weekend. Objetiva-se informar e alertar médicos e educadores da área de saúde da importância da educação em forma de colõnia de fim de semana na prevenção de complicações agudas e crõnicas do diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e seu impacto sobre a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.