Influencia de la tarea cognitiva en el patrón cinemático de marcha en un sujeto con accidente cerebrovascular: a propósito de un caso / Influence of a cognitive task on the kinematic gait pattern in a subject with stroke: a case report

El propósito del presente estudio fue analizar las modificaciones que se producen en el patrón cinemático de marcha en un sujeto con ictus en respuesta a una tarea concurrente cognitiva. En él participó un varón de 57 años con antecedente de accidente cerebro vascular y capacidad de marcha independiente. Se le solicitó que caminara bajo 2condiciones: sin tarea cognitiva y con tarea cognitiva, basada en la resolución de operaciones matemáticas. Se analizaron los movimientos articulares de pelvis, cadera, rodilla y tobillo del lado afecto en ambas condiciones mediante VICON Motion System(R). El trabajo revela la influencia de una tarea cognitiva en el patrón cinemático de la marcha, que afecta a las articulaciones de la cadera, la rodilla y el tobillo en el periodo de apoyo y oscilación (AU)

The aim of the present study was to analyse the changes occurring in the kinematic gait pattern of a 57-year-old man with stroke in response to a concurrent cognitive task. The patient had independent walking ability. He walked under 2 conditions: without a cognitive task and with a cognitive task, based on the resolution of mathematical operations. Motion capture was performed using the VICON Motion System(R). The motion of the pelvis, hip, knee and ankle were analysed in the affected side in both conditions. The study revealed the influence of the cognitive task on the kinematic gait pattern, modifying the hip, knee and ankle pattern during the stance and the swing period (AU)

SenseCam as a rehabilitation tool in a child with anterograde amnesia.

We present the case of a 13-year-old boy, CJ, with profound episodic memory difficulties following the diagnosis of a metastatic intracranial germ cell tumour and subsequent treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. At the core of this study is the first application of SenseCam to a child with severe memory impairment. CJ was taken for a walk while he was wearing SenseCam. This included visiting four different locations. We manipulated the number of locations he could review on SenseCam "films" and then tested recognition memory (forced choice) for both reviewed and non-reviewed locations. We also collected his justifications for the choices he made. Our results indicate that repeated viewings of SenseCam images support the formation of personal semantic memories. Overall our results suggest that the use of SenseCam in memory rehabilitation extends beyond supporting episodic memory and recollection, and supports the feasibility of its use with children who have marked memory difficulties.

Compensating for anterograde amnesia: a new training method that capitalizes on emerging smartphone technologies.

Following a neuropathological event, individuals left with moderate-to-severe memory impairment are unable to reliably form new memories. The most common challenges involve the capacity to perform a task in the future and to consciously recall a recent event. Disruption of these memory processes leaves the individual trapped in the present, unable to stay on track, and alienated from ongoing events. Memory research has demonstrated that implicit memory is often preserved despite severe explicit memory impairment and that preserved memory systems can provide avenues for acquiring new skills and knowledge. A within-subject single-case A1-B1-A2-B2 experimental design was used to introduce an established theory-driven training program of technology use for individuals with moderate-to-severe memory impairment. We describe its application to enabling RR, an individual with memory impairment postcolloid cyst removal, to independently support her memory using a commercial smartphone. RR showed successful outcome on both objective and qualitative measures of memory functioning. Moreover, she demonstrated consistent and creative generalization of acquired smartphone skills across a broad range of real-life memory-demanding circumstances. Our findings suggest that individuals with moderate-to-severe memory impairment are able to capitalize on emerging commercial technology to support their memory.

Aprendizaje de nombres en una paciente con amnesia anterógrada / Names learning in an anterograde amnesic patient

En este trabajo se describe la aplicación de algunas técnicas empleadas para la rehabilitación de la memoria en personas con daño cerebral, con el fin de facilitar el aprendizaje de nombres de personas cercanas y conocidas en una paciente de 55 años, universitaria, diestra y quien como secuela de una encefalitis herpética presentó lesión isquémica en territorio frontotemporal izquierdo y severas alteraciones cognoscitivas y funcionales. Aunque la aplicación combinada de técnicas favorece los procesos de aprendizaje, éstos suelen ser lentos y desgastantes en personas con amnesia severa. No obstante, los resultados apoyan la propuesta de la conservación de la memoria implícita en esta población y favorecen el planteamiento de perspectivas de intervención.

In this work, we describe the application of some techniques used for the memory rehabilitation in people with brain damage, in order to facilitate learning the names of close and known persons in a 55 year old patient, college graduate, right handed, with herpetic encephalitis who presented injury in left frontotemporal region and severe cognitive and functional alterations. As show in the results, of the six names selected for the intervention, it was possible to work with three of them and to obtain significant results in two. Although the mix of techniques favors the learning processes, this process is usually slow in people with severe amnesia. However, these results support the proposal of the implicit memory conservation and favor the intervention from this perspective.