Os itinerários terapêuticos de populações vulneráveis na Covid-19: uma revisão de escopo / Los itinerarios terapéuticos de poblaciones vulnerables en la Covid-19: una revisión de alcance / The therapeutic itineraries of vulnerable populations at Covid-19: a scoping review

Com o objetivo de investigar os Itinerários Terapêuticos percorridos pela população brasileira em situação de vulnerabilidade social na busca do cuidado em saúde durante a pandemia da Covid-19, foi realizada uma revisão de escopo de julho a novembro de 2021, conforme proposta de Joanna Briggs Institute, nas bases BVS, PubMed, Embase, Scielo, PsycInfo, Scopus e Web of Science, dentro do recorte de 2020 e 2021. Foram analisados 11 artigos subdivididos em três categorias: estratégias de cuidado das populações; ofertas em saúde; e dificuldades de acesso à saúde. O resultado explicitou lacunas e potencialidades existentes nos Itinerários Terapêuticos nessa busca do cuidado em saúde e como esses aspectos ficaram mais evidentes no período pandêmico. Percebeu-se um movimento por parte dessas populações vulneráveis para superar dificuldades cotidianas que determinam as condições desfavoráveis para os cuidados em saúde.(AU)

Con el objetivo de investigar los itinerarios terapéuticos recorridos a la búsqueda de cuidado de salud por parte de la población brasileña en situación de vulnerabilidad social durante la pandemia de Covid-19, se realizó, entre julio y noviembre de 2021, una revisión de alcance, conforme propuesta del Joanna Briggs Institute, en las bases BVS, PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, PsycInfo, Scopus y Web of Science dentro del recorte de 2020 y 2021. Se analizaron 11 artículos subdivididos en tres categorías: estrategia de cuidado de las poblaciones; ofertas de salud; y dificultades de acceso a la salud. El resultado dejó claras las lagunas y potencialidades existentes en los itinerarios terapéuticos a la búsqueda del cuidado de salud de las poblaciones en situación de vulnerabilidad social y cómo esos aspectos quedaron más en evidencia en el período de la pandemia. Se percibió un movimiento por parte de esas poblaciones para superar dificultades cotidianas que determinan las condiciones desfavorables para los cuidados de salud.(AU)

With the objective of investigate the therapeutic itineraries followed for search the health care by the brazilian population in a situation of social vulnerability during the covid-19 pandemic, a scope review was carried out from July to September 2021, as proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, in the BVS, PubMed, EMBASE, Scielo, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science databases within the 2020 and 2021 clippings. 11 articles were analyzed and divided into three categories: strategies care of population; health offerings; difficulties in accessing healthcare. Results explained gaps and potentialities existing on therapeutic itineraries in the search for health care for populations in a situation of social vulnerability and how these aspects became more evident in this pandemic period. There was a movement of this vulnerable populations to overcome the daily difficulties that determine the unfavorable conditions for health care.(AU)

Building Data and Information Capacity in Environmental Public Health: A Best-Worst Scaling Experiment.

CONTEXT: Environmental public health practitioners rely on information technology (IT) to maintain and improve environmental health. However, current systems have limited capacity. A better understanding of the importance of IT features is needed to enhance data and information capacity. OBJECTIVE: (1) Rank IT features according to the percentage of respondents who rated them as essential to an information management system and (2) quantify the relative importance of a subset of these features using best-worst scaling. DESIGN: Information technology features were initially identified from a previously published systematic review of software evaluation criteria and a list of software options from a private corporation specializing in inspection software. Duplicates and features unrelated to environmental public health were removed. The condensed list was refined by a working group of environmental public health management to a final list of 57 IT features. The essentialness of features was electronically rated by environmental public health managers. Features where 50% to 80% of respondents rated them as essential (n = 26) were subsequently evaluated using best-worst scaling. SETTING: Ontario, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: Environmental public health professionals in local public health. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Importance scores of IT features. RESULTS: The majority of IT features (47/57) were considered essential to an information management system by at least half of the respondents (n = 52). The highest-rated features were delivery to printer, software encryption capability, and software maintenance services. Of the 26 features evaluated in the best-worst scaling exercise, the most important features were orientation to all practice areas, off-line capability, and ability to view past inspection reports and results. CONCLUSIONS: The development of a single, unified environmental public health information management system that fulfills the reporting and functionality needs of system users is recommended. This system should be implemented by all public health units to support data and information capacity in local environmental public health. This study can be used to guide vendor evaluation, negotiation, and selection in local environmental public health, and provides an example of academia-practice partnerships and the use of best-worst scaling in public health research.

Resultados iniciales del Registro Español de Hernia Incisional / Initial results of the National Registry of Incisional Hernia

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los datos recopilados en el Registro Nacional de Hernia Incisional (EVEREG) para conocer la situación actual del tratamiento de esta dolencia en España. MÉTODOS: EVEREG es una base de datos prospectiva online en la que, desde julio de 2012, se registraron de forma anónima los datos de las hernias incisionales intervenidas en España. RESULTADOS: Hasta marzo de 2015, se han registrado 4.501 hernias en 95 de los 113 hospitales inscritos. La edad media de los casos fue de 62,7 años, un 56,5% mujeres, con un IMC medio de 30,2 kg/m2 y un 29,8% de ellos con riesgo quirúrgico elevado (ASA III-V). Un 93,7% de las intervenciones fueron electivas, el 88,3% por cirugía abierta y el 22,2% fueron hernias recurrentes. El 66,9% correspondían a una hernia tras laparotomía media, en el 81,4% el diámetro transversal fue menor de 10 cm. Se empleó una prótesis en el 96,2% de los casos. La estancia postoperatoria fue de 5,3 días, con complicaciones en el 29,1% y con una mortalidad del 0,8%. Tras una mediana de seguimiento de 7,7 meses se ha detectado un elevado índice de recurrencias (20,7% al año), sobre todo en hernias intervenidas tras una reparación previa (18,1% primarias vs. 30,6% recidivadas; p = 0,004). CONCLUSIÓN: El registro EVEREG es una herramienta útil para conocer la situación actual del tratamiento de la hernia incisional. El análisis de los datos señala como principales elementos susceptibles de mejora el bajo índice de seguimiento y la elevada tasa de recurrencias

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to the data from the National Registry of Incisional Hernia (EVEREG) to determine the reality of the treatment of this condition in Spain. METHODS: EVEREG is an online prospective database which has been functioning since July 2012; operations for incisional hernia are anonymously recorded. RESULTS: Up to March 2015, 4501 hernias from 95 of the 113 participating hospitals were registered. The mean age of the patients was 62.7, and 56.5% were women, with a mean BMI of 30.2 kg/m2; 29.8% presented a high surgical risk (ASA III-V). A total of 93.7% were scheduled surgeries, 88.3% open surgery and 22.2% were recurrent incisional hernias. There were 66.9% hernias after a midline laparotomy, and 81.4% of a transverse diameter of less than 10 cm. A mesh was used in 96.2% of cases. Postoperative stay was 5.3 days and 29.1% presented a complication, with a mortality of 0.8%. After a median follow-up of 7.7 months a high rate of recurrence was detected (20.7% per year), especially in hernias that were operated on after a previous repair (18.1% primary vs. 30.6% recurrent; P=.004). CONCLUSION: the EVEREG registry is a useful tool to know the current situation of incisional hernia treatment. Analysis of the data shows several points that could be improved: a low rate of follow-up and high recurrence rate

MEDES: realidad actual y expectativas futuras / MEDES: current reality and future prospect

Este artículo trata la evolución tecnológica que ha tenido la plataforma que da soporte a la iniciativa de la Fundación Lilly "MEDES.com, Medicina en español", las ventajas que aporta la tecnología y la arquitectura actual y algunas pinceladas de cómo puede evolucionar en el futuro. Se trata de un artículo técnico, enfocado a resaltar cómo la tecnología hace posible los objetivos que tiene la iniciativa

This article covers the technological evolution of the platform that supports the "MEDES.com, medicina en Español" initiative, one of the activities of the Lilly Fundation. It also covers the benefits of the current architecture and technology and proposes ways of how the system can evolve in the future. This is a technical article that tries to connect how the technology makes possible the initiative objectives

Adicciones y Big Data / Addictions and Big Data

No disponible

Problemas de salud de los cuidadores familiares de personas mayores de 65 años afectadas de insuficiencia renal crónica: una revisión sistemática / Health problems of family caregivers of people over 65 suffering from chronic renal failure: a systematic review

La insuficiencia renal crónica exige unos cuidados específicos, continuos y variados, lo que afecta a la salud de los cuidadores familiares. Por ello, nos planteamos conocer los problemas de salud de los cuidadores familiares de personas afectadas de insuficiencia renal crónica mayores de 65 años, debido al mayor riesgo y prevalencia a partir de esta edad. Para este fin, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica en diferentes bases de datos, nacionales e internacionales, de los últimos diez años. Se seleccionaron 19 estudios. Estos hacen referencia a la influencia de la severidad de la carga y a la disminución de la calidad de vida de estos cuidadores, siendo las alteraciones psicológicas los problemas de salud mayormente expuestos. Este conocimiento puede servir para establecer estrategias de abordaje socio-sanitario, que conduzcan hacia la mejora de la calidad de vida, no solo de los cuidadores sino también, de los pacientes (AU)

Chronic renal insufficiency demands specific, continuous and varied care, which affects the health of family caregivers. Therefore, we propose to determine the health problems of family caregivers who care for patients over 65 years with chronic renal failure, due to increased risk and prevalence from this age onwards. For this purpose, we made a systematic review of the scientific literature on different national and international databases in the last ten years. Nineteen studies were selected. These refer to the influence of the severity of the burden and lower quality of life of these caregivers. Psychological disorders are the health problems that are most mentioned. This knowledge may serve for developing strategies for a socio-medical approach, which might lead to improved quality of life, not only of caregivers but also of patients (AU)

Brain Tumor Database, a free relational database for collection and analysis of brain tumor patient information.

In this study, we describe the development and utilization of a relational database designed to manage the clinical and radiological data of patients with brain tumors. The Brain Tumor Database was implemented using MySQL v.5.0, while the graphical user interface was created using PHP and HTML, thus making it easily accessible through a web browser. This web-based approach allows for multiple institutions to potentially access the database. The BT Database can record brain tumor patient information (e.g. clinical features, anatomical attributes, and radiological characteristics) and be used for clinical and research purposes. Analytic tools to automatically generate statistics and different plots are provided. The BT Database is a free and powerful user-friendly tool with a wide range of possible clinical and research applications in neurology and neurosurgery. The BT Database graphical user interface source code and manual are freely available at http://tumorsdatabase.altervista.org.

Protecting privacy in a clinical data warehouse.

Peking University has several prestigious teaching hospitals in China. To make secondary use of massive medical data for research purposes, construction of a clinical data warehouse is imperative in Peking University. However, a big concern for clinical data warehouse construction is how to protect patient privacy. In this project, we propose to use a combination of symmetric block ciphers, asymmetric ciphers, and cryptographic hashing algorithms to protect patient privacy information. The novelty of our privacy protection approach lies in message-level data encryption, the key caching system, and the cryptographic key management system. The proposed privacy protection approach is scalable to clinical data warehouse construction with any size of medical data. With the composite privacy protection approach, the clinical data warehouse can be secure enough to keep the confidential data from leaking to the outside world.

Phi-square Lexical Competition Database (Phi-Lex): an online tool for quantifying auditory and visual lexical competition.

A widely agreed-upon feature of spoken word recognition is that multiple lexical candidates in memory are simultaneously activated in parallel when a listener hears a word, and that those candidates compete for recognition (Luce, Goldinger, Auer, & Vitevitch, Perception 62:615-625, 2000; Luce & Pisoni, Ear and Hearing 19:1-36, 1998; McClelland & Elman, Cognitive Psychology 18:1-86, 1986). Because the presence of those competitors influences word recognition, much research has sought to quantify the processes of lexical competition. Metrics that quantify lexical competition continuously are more effective predictors of auditory and visual (lipread) spoken word recognition than are the categorical metrics traditionally used (Feld & Sommers, Speech Communication 53:220-228, 2011; Strand & Sommers, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130:1663-1672, 2011). A limitation of the continuous metrics is that they are somewhat computationally cumbersome and require access to existing speech databases. This article describes the Phi-square Lexical Competition Database (Phi-Lex): an online, searchable database that provides access to multiple metrics of auditory and visual (lipread) lexical competition for English words, available at www.juliastrand.com/phi-lex .

Búsquedas bibliográficas / Literature searches

Escribir un artículo científico, desarrollar un proyecto de investigación, realizar una memoria o una tesis doctoral obliga a conocer, en extensión y en profundidad, todo lo que se ha escrito previamente sobre esa materia o aspecto. Hacer una búsqueda ordenada en las bases de datos más importantes ofrece la posibilidad de llegar a estudiar y criticar todo lo realizado anteriormente. Esto evita repeticiones, sugiere ideas a nuestro proyecto y permite desarrollar una hipótesis de trabajo. Las búsquedas bibliográficas son muy amplias por lo que deben limitarse a los aspectos de interés para nuestro estudio (AU)

Writing a scientific article, conducting a research project, compiling a report or a doctoral thesis requires a broad and in-depth knowledge of everything that has previously been written on this subject or aspect. Performing an organised search in the most important databases provides the chance to study and criticize everything carried out beforehand. This prevents repetitions, suggests ideas for our project and enables a working hypothesis to be conducted. Literature searches are very extensive. This means they need to be restricted to the aspects that are of particular interest for our study (AU)

Análisis de la producción científica española sobre abuso de sustancias en función de la colaboración entre disciplinas / No disponible

Objetivos: Se analiza la productividad y colaboración de disciplinas y especialidades en el área del Abuso de Sustancias en las publicaciones científicas firmadas por instituciones españolas (2001-2005). Metodología: A partir de las afiliaciones institucionales, en las que se hace constar habitualmente el departamento, servicio o unidad, se ha identificado y cuantificado la participación de las diferentes áreas del conocimiento en los trabajos recogidos en las bases de datos IME/Índice Médico Español, ISOC/Índice Español de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, SCI-Expanded/Science Citation Index-Expandedy SSCI/Social Sciences Citation Index. Resultados: En ISOC se han identificado 31 disciplinas y especialidades, con un 8,6% de documentos en colaboración entre las mismas. En IME 55 especialidades médicas, con un 10,89% de documentos en colaboración y en SCI-Expanded 62 especialidades y un 41,68% de documentos en colaboración. Conclusiones: a) El Abuso de Sustancias, Psicología, Psiquiatría, Epidemiología-Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Farmacología son las disciplinas y especialidades que presentan el mayor índice de productividad,a las que se suman, en el caso de los trabajos publicados en revistas extranjeras Bioquímica-Biología Molecular, Neurología y Neurociencia; b) los trabajos publicados en las revistas españolas recogidas en SCI-Expanded y en revistas extranjeras presentan índices de colaboración entre disciplinas mucho más elevados; c) las principales colaboraciones son las establecidas entre Abuso de Sustancias, Psiquiatría y Psicología, a las que se suman, en el caso de las revistas recogidas en SCI-Expanded las colaboraciones que establecen estas disciplinas con la Farmacología, Neurología y Neurociencia

Objectives: The analysis of productivity and disciplinary collaboration patterns for Spanish published scientific researchin the field of Substance Abuse (2001-2005). Methodology: From institutional affiliations we identified and quantified disciplinary participation in papers indexed in the IME / Índice Médico Español, ISOC/Índice Español de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, SCI-Expanded/Science Citation Index-Expanded and SSCI/Social Sciences Citation Index databases. Results: A total of 31 disciplines and specialities were identified in ISOC, with 8.6% of documents in collaboration between them; 55 medical specialities were identified in IME, with 10.89% of documents in collaboration between them; and 62 specialities were identified in SCI-Expanded, with 41.68% of documents in collaboration between them. Conclusions: a) Substance Abuse, Psychology, Psychiatry, Epidemiology-Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Pharmacology are the disciplines and specialities that present the highest productivity. To these can be added, in papers published in foreign journals, specialities such as Biochemistry-Molecular Biology, Neurology and Neuroscience; b) Papers published in Spanish journals indexed in SCI-Expanded and in papers published in foreign journals present much higher collaboration indexes between disciplines and specialities; c) The main collaborations between specialities are those between Substance Abuse, Psychiatry and Psychology. To these can be added, in the case of journals indexed in SCI-Expanded, those between these specialities and Pharmacology, Neurology and Neuroscience

Combined use of ESI-QqTOF-MS and ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS with mass-spectral library search for qualitative analysis of drugs.

The potential of the combined use of ESI-QqTOF-MS and ESI-QqTOF-MS/MS with mass-spectral library search for the identification of therapeutic and illicit drugs has been evaluated. Reserpine was used for standardizing experimental conditions and for characterization of the performance of the applied mass spectrometric system. Experiments revealed that because of the mass accuracy, the stability of calibration, and the reproducibility of fragmentation, the QqTOF mass spectrometer is an appropriate platform for establishment of a tandem-mass-spectral library. Three-hundred and nineteen substances were used as reference samples to build the spectral library. For each reference compound, product-ion spectra were acquired at ten different collision-energy values between 5 eV and 50 eV. For identification of unknown compounds, a library search algorithm was developed. The closeness of matching between a measured product-ion spectrum and a spectrum stored in the library was characterized by a value called "match probability", which took into account the number of matched fragment ions, the number of fragment ions observed in the two spectra, and the sum of the intensity differences calculated for matching fragments. A large value for the match probability indicated a close match between the measured and the reference spectrum. A unique feature of the library search algorithm-an implemented spectral purification option-enables characterization of multi-contributor fragment-ion spectra. With the aid of this software feature, substances comprising only 1.0% of the total amount of binary mixtures were unequivocally assigned, in addition to the isobaric main contributors. The spectral library was successfully applied to the characterization of 39 forensic casework samples.

Development of a vendor agnostic, full disclosure system for capture, display, and storage of operative systems data.

We have developed a vendor agnostic, full disclosure system for the capture, display, and storage of operative systems data. This system allows door to door capture of data from multiple sources including monitors from competing vendors, integration under a single platform, and storage for future use. Full disclosure functionality includes the ability to retrieve and display archived data including full waveform and trend physiologic data, synchronized to the surgical video and other OR devices and data sources.

La hypnosis psicológica en España / No disponible

No disponible

An electronic patient record implementation using clinical document architecture.

Electronic patient records (EPRs) provide the means for integrated access to patient information that may be scattered across dispersed healthcare organizations that, in general, use heterogeneous systems in order to support their internal functions. XML language and Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) provides a mechanism for defining, structuring, manipulating and visualizing patient medical data using the same semantics through web. In this paper, a prototype implementation of a web-based electronic patient record (EPR) system using XML for data format and CDA for defining and structuring patient clinical documents is presented.

Mobile guidelines for pharmacologic treatment of hypertension.

Mobile health technologies provide case studies with potentially rather huge impacts. Examples are provided e.g. by guidelines involving pharmacologic treatment. Knowledge and reasoning need to interact with information management, and often involves utility of various devices. Well organised databases for pharmacological information are also necessary for successful engineering of mobile extensions in these case studies.

Manual de Analisis y Diseño del Sistema. Sistema Banco de Datos Version 1.0 / Manual of Analysis and Design of the System. System I Pay of Information For Version 1.0

Presentacion del Manual de Analisis y Diseño del sistema Banco de Datos version 1.0, para el usuario con todos los pasos necesarios para la implementacion y operacion utilizando un lenguaje sencillo, comprensible para todas las personas. El banco de datos permite organizar documentos almacenados en la computadora como procesadores de tesxtos, planillas, etc., ordenandolos deacuerdo al tema o al año.

Influencia de la base de datos utilizada sobre el índice de paternidad / Paternity index in studies developed in Venezuela. Use of native allelic frequencies versus foreing ones

Para evaluar las diferencias que puede motivar el empleo de distintas bases de datos en el cálculo del Índice de Paternidad (IP) obtenido en estudios de paternidad convencionales no excluyentes en la población central de Venezuela, se seleccionaron 30 estudios en los que se analizaron los mismos 9 marcadores STR y se calculó el IP a partir de tres bases de datos diferentes: la correspondiente a la población central de Venezuela y las reportadas por la firma PROMEGA para las poblaciones negroide e hispánica de EUA. Los resultados obtenidos indican la conveniencia de utilizar la base de datos autóctona (AU)

Programación base de datos SICME Sistema de control de medicamentos.Laboratorio de análisis de medicamentos INLASA / En

El presente trabajo de programación,fue realizado para el Laboratorio de Análisis de Medicamentos y Toxicología del INLASA, el sistema se encuentra instalado en el equipo que servirá como central de la base de datos ya que proximamente se implementará un servidor