Induction of antiphosphocholine antibodies utilizing lambda light chains in BALB/c mice.

BALB/c mice immunized with 1 or 100 micrograms of phosphocholine (PC)-keyhole-limpet hemocyanin absorbed on aluminum hydroxide gel (alum) produced up to 50% lambda 1-light-chain-containing anti-PC antibodies in their serum. Only 10% lambda 1 antibodies were seen when complete Freund's adjuvant or bentonite were used as the adjuvant or if PC-bovine serum albumin was used with alum. Thus, the induction of large lambda-antibody responses to PC (a response usually dominated by kappa-antibodies) was both adjuvant- and carrier-dependent.

[Experimental basis for using Soviet bentonite clays as immunosorbents for serological studies]. / Eksperimental'noe obosnovanie ispol'zovaniia otechestvennykh bentonitovykh glin v kachestve immunosorbentov dlia serologicheskikh issledovanii.

The methodological principles of using Soviet bentonite clays as immunosorbents necessary for serological studies in bacterial infections were worked out. The method for the preparation of antigenic bentonite diagnostic reagents was experimentally substantiated. Bentonite diagnostic reagents were first used in a new method for the rapid indication of bacterial antigens in environmental objects with a view of solving epidemiological problems.

Pathogenesis of acute avian malaria. II. Anemia mediated by a cold-active autohemagglutinin from the blood of chickens with acute Plasmodium gallinaceum infection.

A cold-active hemagglutinin for trypsinized human type "O" erythrocytes (CAH) from blood of chickens with acute Plasmodium gallinaceum malaria was found to be associated with 19 S and 7 S globulin fractions of malarious chicken blood, but cleavage with 2-mercaptoethanol indicated that it was primarily of the IgM class of antibody. In serologic tests CAH reacted with trypsinized erythrocytes, and anti-chicken globulin. It did not react with other of the antigens or antibodies detected in the blood of malarious chickens. When the absorbed and eluted CAH was injected into normal chickens it produced an anaphylactic-like shock and caused a 25% reduction in red blood cell counts within 48 hours. Plasma samples collected during this interval showed signs of hemolysis. Reactions of blood cells from the recipient birds with fluorescein conjugated anti-chicken globulin indicated that CAH reacted with erythrocytes. The absence of fluorescent activity 3 days after injection suggested that these erythrocytes had been removed from the circulation. When normal chickens were injected with trypsinized autologous blood cells, CAH was detected within 3 days. The agglutination test again was active at temperatures below 22 degrees C and was negative when tested at 37 degrees C. In these birds the appearance of CAH was accompanied by reductions in red blood cell counts and by hemolysis. The results of these experiments suggest that CAH was not stimulated by plasmodial parasite antigen, but rather by autoantigens, which appear to be common to heterologous animal species, and which were in some manner expressed by the presence of the intracellular parasites, or by trypsin treatment. The experiments further suggest that this autohemagglutinin was partially causal of malarial anemia. The presence of other anemia factor(s) was indicated by anemia following injection of plasma that had been absorbed free of CAH.