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1.
J Vet Diagn Invest ; 36(1): 131-136, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38014741

RESUMO

Bronchiectasis is irreversible bronchial dilation that can be congenital or acquired secondary to chronic airway obstruction. Feline bronchiectasis is rare and, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously in a non-domestic felid. An ~10-y-old female jungle cat (Felis chaus) was presented for evaluation of an abdominal mass and suspected pulmonary metastasis. The animal died during exploratory laparotomy and was submitted for postmortem examination. Gross examination revealed consolidation of the left caudal lung lobe and hila of the cranial lung lobes. Elsewhere in the lungs were several pale-yellow pleural foci of endogenous lipid pneumonia. On cut section, there was severe distension of bronchi with abundant white mucoid fluid. The remaining lung lobes were multifocally expanded by marginal emphysema. Histologically, ectatic bronchi, bronchioles, and fewer alveoli contained degenerate neutrophils, fibrin, and mucin (suppurative bronchopneumonia) with rare gram-negative bacteria. Aerobic culture yielded low growth of Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. There was chronic bronchitis, marked by moderate bronchial gland hyperplasia, lymphoplasmacytic inflammation, and lymphoid hyperplasia. The palpated abdominal mass was a uterine endometrial polyp, which was considered an incidental, but novel, finding. Chronic bronchitis and bronchopneumonia should be considered as a cause of bronchiectasis and a differential diagnosis for respiratory disease in non-domestic felids.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas , Bronquiectasia , Bronquite Crônica , Bronquite , Broncopneumonia , Doenças do Gato , Felis , Gatos , Animais , Feminino , Broncopneumonia/diagnóstico , Broncopneumonia/veterinária , Bronquite Crônica/veterinária , Hiperplasia/veterinária , Bronquite/diagnóstico , Bronquite/veterinária , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Infecções Bacterianas/veterinária , Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico
2.
J Vet Intern Med ; 33(5): 2217-2226, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31468629

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic lung disease is a poorly understood inflammatory airway disease that results in substantial morbidity. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical findings in dogs with eosinophilic lung disease defined on the basis of radiographic, bronchoscopic, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) analysis. Categories included eosinophilic bronchitis (EB), eosinophilic granuloma (EG), and eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP). ANIMALS: Seventy-five client owned dogs. METHODS: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for dogs with idiopathic BAL fluid eosinophilia. Information abstracted included duration and nature of clinical signs, bronchoscopic findings, and laboratory data. Thoracic radiographs were evaluated for the pattern of infiltrate, bronchiectasis, and lymphadenomegaly. RESULTS: Thoracic radiographs were normal or demonstrated a bronchial pattern in 31 dogs assigned a diagnosis of EB. Nine dogs had intraluminal mass lesions and were bronchoscopically diagnosed with EG. The remaining 35 dogs were categorized as having EBP based on radiographic changes, yellow green mucus in the airways, mucosal changes, and airway collapse. Age and duration of cough did not differ among groups. Dogs with EB were less likely to have bronchiectasis or peripheral eosinophilia, had lower total nucleated cell count in BAL fluid, and lower percentage of eosinophils in BAL fluid compared to dogs in the other 2 groups. In contrast to previous reports, prolonged survival (>55 months) was documented in dogs with EG. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Dogs with eosinophilic lung disease can be categorized based on imaging, bronchoscopic and BAL fluid cytologic findings. Further studies are needed to establish response to treatment in these groups.


Assuntos
Bronquite Crônica/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Eosinofilia/veterinária , Granuloma Eosinófilo/veterinária , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/veterinária , Animais , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Bronquite Crônica/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquite Crônica/patologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Broncoscopia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Cães , Granuloma Eosinófilo/diagnóstico por imagem , Granuloma Eosinófilo/patologia , Feminino , Masculino , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/patologia , Radiografia Torácica/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos
3.
J Vet Intern Med ; 33(2): 846-855, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30666726

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Increased incidence of bacterial pneumonia (BP) has been reported in Irish Wolfhounds (IWHs), and recurrence of BP is common. The etiology of recurrent pneumonia in IWHs is largely unknown. OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical findings in IWHs with recurrent BP and investigate possible etiologies. ANIMALS: Eleven affected IWHs, 25 healthy IWHs, 28 healthy dogs of other Sighthound breeds, and 16 healthy dogs of other breeds. METHODS: Prospective cross-sectional observational study. All affected IWHs underwent thorough clinical examinations including thoracic radiographs, thoracic computed tomography, electron microscopic evaluation of ciliary structure, and bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytology and culture. Serum and BALF immunoglobulin concentrations were measured using an ELISA method, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed using flow cytometry. Esophageal function was assessed by fluoroscopy (n = 2). RESULTS: Median age of onset was 5.0 years (range, 0.4-6.5 years), and when presented for study, dogs had experienced a median of 5 previous episodes of BP (range, 2-6). The following predisposing factors to BP were detected: focal bronchiectasis (10/11), unilateral (2/9) and bilateral (1/9) laryngeal paralysis, and esophageal hypomotility (2/2). Local or systemic immunoglobulin deficiencies or primary ciliary defects were not detected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Recurrent BP affects mostly middle-aged and older IWHs without any evident immune deficit or primary ciliary defects. Focal BE was a frequent finding in affected dogs and likely contributed to the development of recurrent respiratory infections. Laryngeal and esophageal dysfunction identified in a minority of dogs may contribute to recurrent BP.


Assuntos
Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/imunologia , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Pneumonia Bacteriana/veterinária , Animais , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia , Estudos Transversais , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Cães , Transtornos da Motilidade Esofágica/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos da Motilidade Esofágica/veterinária , Feminino , Imunoglobulinas/análise , Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Subpopulações de Linfócitos , Masculino , Pneumonia Bacteriana/diagnóstico por imagem , Pneumonia Bacteriana/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Radiografia Torácica/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Paralisia das Pregas Vocais/veterinária
4.
Top Companion Anim Med ; 32(2): 61-65, 2017 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28992906

RESUMO

A 4-year-old cocker spaniel, male, of 12kg body weight was presented because of the onset of polyuria or polydipsia. From the first months of its life, the dog had exhibited constant serous to mucopurulent nasal discharge, productive cough, sneezing, reverse sneezing, otitis, and recurrent episodes of fever. The respiratory signs had been treated several times with antibiotics, without ever achieving a complete resolution. Clinical examination revealed normal rectal temperature (38.3°C), increased respiratory rate (40breaths/min), a copious mucous nasal discharge and right deviation of the heart apex beat (ictus cordis). Increased respiratory sounds with moist rales and crackles were found on chest auscultation. An increase in serum creatinine, urea and phosphorus, hypoalbuminemia and proteinuria were found. Lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs of the thorax and of the abdomen showed the transposition of the heart, with the cardiac apex pointing toward the right (dextrocardia), bronchointerstitial lung pattern, areas of consolidation, lesions consistent with bronchiectasis caves and a mirror-image of abdominal organs, confirming the diagnosis of complete situs inversus (CSI). Respiratory signs, combined with CSI, suggested the diagnosis of Kartagener syndrome (KS). Abdominal ultrasound showed an increase in the echogenicity of the renal parenchyma, a loss of definition of the corticomedullary line, slight bilateral pyelectasis, and decreased cortical perfusion. The dog died 2 months later because of a further worsening of the clinical condition. Necroscopy demonstrated the existence of CSI, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, and bronchiectasis, so confirming the diagnosis of KS, and renal amyloidosis. This is the first case reported in veterinary medicine of the presence of renal amyloidosis together with KS in a dog.


Assuntos
Amiloidose/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Kartagener/veterinária , Nefropatias/veterinária , Situs Inversus/veterinária , Amiloidose/sangue , Amiloidose/urina , Animais , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Bronquite/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Doenças do Cão/urina , Cães , Síndrome de Kartagener/diagnóstico , Nefropatias/sangue , Nefropatias/diagnóstico , Nefropatias/urina , Masculino , Sinusite/veterinária , Situs Inversus/diagnóstico por imagem
5.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 58(4): E42-E44, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27490688

RESUMO

An 8-year-old, Patterdale terrier was referred for evaluation of tachypnoea, exercise intolerance, and weight loss. Computed tomographic images showed pneumomediastinum, diffuse pulmonary ground glass opacity, and marked dilatation of peripheral bronchi, but no evidence of thickened bronchial walls. The histopathologic diagnosis was diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, and bronchiectasis. The lack of evidence of primary bronchitis supported a diagnosis of traction bronchiectasis. Traction bronchiectasis can occur as a sequela to pulmonary fibrosis in dogs.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Fibrose Pulmonar/complicações , Animais , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Cães , Feminino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária
6.
J Zoo Wildl Med ; 47(1): 347-50, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27010300

RESUMO

A 31-yr-old male Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) presented with 14 yr of chronic purulent nasal drainage and cough with intermittent exacerbation of symptoms requiring systemic antibiotic treatment. He was diagnosed with a cystic fibrosis (CF)-like condition. Evaluation consisted of bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, culture, and computed tomography scanning of the sinuses and chest. Although the presence of low fecal elastase activity increased the suspicion for a diagnosis of CF, pilocarpine iontophoresis with sweat collection and analysis ("sweat testing") was inconclusive. Medical management included twice-daily nebulization with bronchodilators and alternating month inhaled antibiotics, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, and simethicone as needed. Sinopulmonary and gastrointestinal symptoms improved substantially with treatment. Several years later, the animal died acutely of colonic volvulus. Necropsy and histopathology confirmed CF-like lung disease with chronic air sacculitis.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/patologia , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Fibrose Cística/veterinária , Pongo abelii , Sinusite/veterinária , Albuterol/administração & dosagem , Albuterol/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/tratamento farmacológico , Bronquiectasia/patologia , Broncodilatadores/administração & dosagem , Broncodilatadores/uso terapêutico , Fibrose Cística/diagnóstico , Fibrose Cística/patologia , Masculino , Sinusite/diagnóstico , Sinusite/tratamento farmacológico , Sinusite/patologia
7.
J Vet Intern Med ; 30(1): 247-54, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26682874

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is a permanent and debilitating sequel to chronic or severe airway injury, however, diseases associated with this condition are poorly defined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate results of diagnostic tests used to document bronchiectasis and to characterize underlying or concurrent disease processes. ANIMALS: Eighty-six dogs that had bronchoscopy performed and a diagnosis of bronchiectasis. METHODS: Retrospective case series. Radiographs, computed tomography, and bronchoscopic findings were evaluated for features of bronchiectasis. Clinical diagnoses of pneumonia (aspiration, interstitial, foreign body, other), eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP), and inflammatory airway disease (IAD) were made based on results of history, physical examination, and diagnostic testing, including bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis and microbiology. RESULTS: Bronchiectasis was diagnosed in 14% of dogs (86/621) that had bronchoscopy performed. Dogs ranged in age from 0.5 to 14 years with duration of signs from 3 days to 10 years. Bronchiectasis was documented during bronchoscopy in 79/86 dogs (92%), thoracic radiology in 50/83 dogs (60%), and CT in 34/34 dogs (100%). Concurrent airway collapse was detected during bronchoscopy in 50/86 dogs (58%), and focal or multifocal mucus plugging of segmental or subsegmental bronchi was found in 41/86 dogs (48%). Final diagnoses included pneumonia (45/86 dogs, 52%), EBP (10/86 dogs, 12%) and IAD (31/86 dogs, 36%). Bacteria were isolated in 24/86 cases (28%), with Streptococcus spp, Pasteurella spp, enteric organisms, and Stenotrophomonas isolated most frequently. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Bronchiectasis can be anticipated in dogs with infectious or inflammatory respiratory disease. Advanced imaging and bronchoscopy are useful in making the diagnosis and identifying concurrent respiratory disease.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Animais , Bronquiectasia/complicações , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/patologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar , Broncoscopia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Cães , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
8.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 56(1): 33-9, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25124052

RESUMO

Eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy is a disease characterized by the infiltration of the lung and bronchial mucosa by eosinophils. The aim of the present study was to describe the CT findings in a large series of dogs with confirmed diagnosis of eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy. Computed tomographic scans of 15 dogs with confirmed diagnosis of eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy were evaluated retrospectively by two boarded radiologists who reached a consensus. Abnormalities were identified in 14/15 (93%) dogs, including pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities in 14/15 (93%) dogs, bronchial wall thickening in 13 (87%) dogs, which was considered marked in eight (53%), plugging of the bronchial lumen by mucus/debris in 11 (73%) dogs, and bronchiectasis in nine (60%) dogs. Pulmonary nodules were identified in 5/15 (33%) dogs including one dog with a mass. All dogs with a nodular lung pattern had additional abnormalities. Lymphadenopathy was present in 10 dogs (67%). Lesions associated with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy are variable and heterogeneous and encompass a wider variety of computed tomographic features than reported previously. Computed tomographic images were abnormal in the majority of affected dogs, hence CT is a useful modality to characterize the nature and distribution of thoracic lesions in dogs with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy.


Assuntos
Broncopatias/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Eosinofilia/veterinária , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária , Animais , Broncopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Tosse/veterinária , Cães , Eosinofilia/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Pulmão/anormalidades , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Linfáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Linfáticas/veterinária , Masculino , Nódulos Pulmonares Múltiplos/diagnóstico por imagem , Nódulos Pulmonares Múltiplos/veterinária , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos
9.
Ugeskr Laeger ; 176(50)2014 Dec 08.
Artigo em Dinamarquês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25498181

RESUMO

A 22-year-old male with recurrent periods of coughing and nasal discharge was unable to work and cooperate. A bronchoscopy revealed high amounts of leucocytes and no eosinofils, acute inflammation and > 105/ml Streptococcus pneumoniae susceptible to penicillin. The symptoms relapsed after penicillin and at the age of 24 the patient was CT-scanned which revealed bilateral sinusitis, mastoiditis and bronchiectasis. Treatment with azithromycin and a weight loss programme (from 156 kg) improved the health of the patient, who was an orangutan. This highlights the benefit of cooperation between medical doctors and veterinarians.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/diagnóstico , Infecções Respiratórias/veterinária , Animais , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças dos Símios Antropoides/tratamento farmacológico , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/tratamento farmacológico , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Masculino , Mastoidite/diagnóstico por imagem , Mastoidite/tratamento farmacológico , Mastoidite/veterinária , Pongo , Radiografia , Recidiva , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Sinusite/diagnóstico por imagem , Sinusite/tratamento farmacológico , Sinusite/veterinária , Programas de Redução de Peso
11.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 54(4): 351-357, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23578226

RESUMO

Bronchiectasis is an irreversible dilatation of the bronchi resulting from chronic airway inflammation. In people, computed tomography (CT) has been described as the noninvasive gold standard for diagnosing bronchiectasis. In dogs, normal CT bronchoarterial ratios have been described as <2.0. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe quantitative and qualitative CT characteristics of bronchiectasis in a cohort of dogs with confirmed disease. Inclusion criteria for the study were thoracic radiography, thoracic CT, and a diagnosis of bronchiectasis based on bronchoscopy and/or histopathology. For each included dog, a single observer measured CT bronchoarterial ratios at 6 lobar locations. Qualitative thoracic radiography and CT characteristics were recorded by consensus opinion of two board-certified veterinary radiologists. Twelve dogs met inclusion criteria. The mean bronchoarterial ratio from 28 bronchiectatic lung lobes was 2.71 ± 0.80 (range 1.4 to 4.33), and 23/28 measurements were >2.0. Averaged bronchoarterial ratios from bronchiectatic lung lobes were significantly larger (P < 0.01) than averaged ratios from nonbronchiectatic lung lobes. Qualitative CT characteristics of bronchiectasis included lack of peripheral airway tapering (12/12), lobar consolidation (11/12), bronchial wall thickening (7/12), and bronchial lumen occlusion (4/12). Radiographs detected lack of airway tapering in 7/12 dogs. In conclusion, the most common CT characteristics of bronchiectasis were dilatation, a lack of peripheral airway tapering, and lobar consolidation. Lack of peripheral airway tapering was not visible in thoracic radiographs for some dogs. For some affected dogs, bronchoarterial ratios were less than published normal values.


Assuntos
Brônquios/patologia , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Animais , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/patologia , Broncoscopia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Cães , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária
12.
Can Vet J ; 51(7): 753-6, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20885829

RESUMO

A miniature pinscher-cross was evaluated for chronic coughing. Computed tomography and bronchoscopy revealed severe, diffuse, cylindrical bronchiectasis secondary to eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy. Computed tomography is the gold standard for diagnosis of bronchiectasis in humans, and should be further investigated in dogs as a means of characterizing severity and pattern of disease.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Broncopneumonia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/veterinária , Animais , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Broncografia/veterinária , Broncopneumonia/complicações , Broncopneumonia/diagnóstico , Broncopneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Cães , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/complicações , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Eosinofilia Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterinária
13.
Physiol Genomics ; 42(3): 480-5, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20571109

RESUMO

Naturally occurring cystic fibrosis (CF)-causing mutations in the CFTR gene have not been identified in any nonhuman animal species. Since domestic dogs are known to develop medical conditions associated with atypical CF in humans (e.g., bronchiectasis and pancreatitis), we hypothesized that dogs with these disorders likely have a higher expression rate of CFTR mutations than the at-large population. Temporal temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) was used to screen canine CFTR in 400 animals: 203 dogs diagnosed with pancreatitis, 23 dogs diagnosed with bronchiectasis, and 174 dogs admitted to clinics for any illness (at-large dogs). Twenty-eight dogs were identified with one of four CFTR missense mutations. P1281T and P1464H mutations occur in relatively unconserved residues. R1456W is analogous to the human R1453W mutation, which has approximately 20% of normal CFTR function and is associated with pancreatitis and panbronchiolitis. R812W disrupts a highly conserved protein kinase A recognition site within the regulatory domain. We conclude that naturally occurring CFTR mutations are relatively common in domestic dogs and can be detected with TTGE. No substantive differences in mutation frequency were observed between the at-large, pancreatitis, and bronchiectasis dogs.


Assuntos
Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/genética , Cães/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Bronquiectasia/genética , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Doenças do Cão/genética , Frequência do Gene , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mutação/fisiologia , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos
14.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 50(6): 622-4, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19999345

RESUMO

Bronchiectasis is diagnosed in humans using multiple computed tomography (CT) criteria, the most important being dilatation of the bronchi. The most widely used criterion for detection of bronchial dilatation is a bronchial lumen to pulmonary artery diameter (bronchoarterial [BA]) ratio >1.0. No studies have been performed to determine the BA ratio in normal dogs. Thoracic CT images of 24 dogs without clinical pulmonary disease were reviewed. The BA ratio of the lobar bronchi of the left cranial (cranial and caudal parts), right cranial, right middle, left caudal, and right caudal lung lobes was measured. The mean of the mean BA ratio for all dogs was 1.45 +/- 0.21 (99% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34-1.56). The mean of the mean BA ratio as determined by lung lobe was 1.45 +/- 0.04 (99% CI = 1.41-1.49). The range of individual BA ratios was 0.8-2.0. There was no significant difference in mean BA ratios as a function of lung lobe (P = 0.60). The BA ratio in these clinically normal dogs was consistent and may be a useful tool in evaluating for bronchiectasis on CT images. BA ratios >2.0 were not identified in this population, suggesting a threshold to differentiate normal from abnormal bronchi.


Assuntos
Cães/anatomia & histologia , Pulmão/irrigação sanguínea , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada Espiral/veterinária , Análise de Variância , Animais , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Intensificação de Imagem Radiográfica/métodos , Radiografia Torácica/veterinária , Tomografia Computadorizada Espiral/métodos
17.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound ; 48(3): 199-203, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17508504

RESUMO

Tracheal collapse is common in middle age toy and miniature breed dogs. Cartilaginous defects have been identified histologically and are considered a form of chondromalacia. In addition to tracheal cartilaginous changes, concurrent lower airway histologic changes indicative of inflammation have been noted in dogs with tracheal collapse and these changes may lead t o concurrent bronchiectasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bronchiectasis in dogs with a previous radiographic diagnosis of tracheal collapse. The thoracic radiographs of 60 dogs with tracheal collapse were evaluated for evidence of concurrent bronchiectasis. Eighteen of 60 (30%) dogs had evidence of bronchiectasis, and all were cylindrical in morphology. The signalment of affected dogs was similar to that previously reported. The occurrence of bronchiectasis in this group of dogs with tracheal collapse (18 dogs) was six times higher (P < 0.05) than the expected prevalence within a random sample population (three dogs). The results of this study provide evidence of a link between tracheal collapse and bronchiectasis. A finding of bronchiectasis with tracheal collapse should encourage further evaluation for chronic lower airway disease in these patients.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Torácica/veterinária , Doenças da Traqueia/veterinária , Animais , Cruzamento , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/epidemiologia , Bronquiectasia/etiologia , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Cães , Feminino , Masculino , Radiografia Torácica/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Traqueia/anormalidades , Traqueia/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Traqueia/complicações , Doenças da Traqueia/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Traqueia/epidemiologia
20.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 223(11): 1628-35, 2003 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14664451

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine demographic, clinical, and radiographic features of bronchiectasis in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 289 dogs identified through the Veterinary Medical Database (VMDB) and 27 dogs examined at the North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. PROCEDURE: Demographic characteristics of dogs identified through the VMDB were compared with characteristics of the entire population of dogs entered in the VMDB. Medical records of dogs examined at the teaching hospital were reviewed; the diagnosis was confirmed through review of thoracic radiographs. RESULTS: Analysis of data from the VMDB indicated that American Cocker Spaniels, West Highland White Terriers, Miniature Poodles, Siberian Huskies, English Springer Spaniels, and dogs > 10 years old had an increased risk of bronchiectasis. Among dogs examined at the teaching hospital, coughing was the most common clinical sign. There was evidence for excessive airway mucus but not hemorrhage. A variety of bacterial organisms were isolated from tracheal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage samples. On thoracic radiographs, cylindrical bronchiectasis, generalized disease, and right cranial lung lobe involvement were most common. Seven of 14 dogs for which follow-up radiographs were available did not have any progression of radiographic lesions. Median duration of clinical signs prior to diagnosis of bronchiectasis was 9 months (range, 1 day to 10 years). Median survival time was 16 months (range, 2 days to 72 months). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that despite substantial clinical abnormalities, dogs with bronchiectasis may survive for years. Certain purebred dogs and older dogs may have an increased risk of developing bronchiectasis.


Assuntos
Bronquiectasia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Animais , Cruzamento , Bronquiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Bronquiectasia/epidemiologia , Bases de Dados Factuais , Demografia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Feminino , Masculino , North Carolina/epidemiologia , Radiografia Torácica/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos
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