[CEP/LTS-X: a simple clinical classification of urinary calculi]. / CEP/LTS-X: une classification clinique simple des calculs urinaires.

The introduction of new treatment techniques for urinary stones requires a classification of our concepts concerning the application of these various modalities. In order to individualize the treatment of stones as precisely as possible, the authors propose a clinical and therapeutic classification based on the characteristics of the stone, the state of the urinary tract, the state of the parenchyma and renal function, the site of the stone, its dimensions and consistency and the number of stones. On the basis of these criteria, renal stones can be classified into 4 types, ureteric stones can be classified into 3 types and bladder and urethral stones can be classified into 2 types. The stones observed in each category are described together with the most appropriate treatment.

The structure of large lamellar urinary stones. A quantitative chemical analytic study applying a new classification scheme.

To study the structural composition of 61 renal and 9 vesical large lamellated non-infection urinary tract stones, samples from successive layers were quantitatively analyzed with standard chemical techniques, but with a new classification based on percentage composition of ions rather than compounds. The commonest pattern of composition (n = 41) was that of the lamellar stones of one stone type (uric acid, oxalate, or phosphate) and group (according to % of indicating ion), followed by bilamellar stones of different stone types (17) or of one stone type but different groups (8). The other stones were trilamellar (3) or quadrilamellar (1) of different stone types. In the 29 stones with lamellae of different type and/or group, the chemical composition of successive layers seemed to confirm the correlation between uric acid and oxalate, rather than phosphate, ions and between oxalate and both uric acid and phosphate ions. An influence on these correlations either positive or negative, may be the responsible factor for specifying the type and group of a forming stone or layer of a stone. The observed ionic correlations within the stones seem to support the choice of the oxalate ion, in the uric acid or phosphate stones, and both of the uric acid and phosphate ions, in the oxalate stones, as indicating ions for grouping in our proposed classification of urinary stones.