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1.
J Med Case Rep ; 15(1): 17, 2021 Jan 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33472652

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a widely documented adverse event of metformin. Despite being considered one of the main causes of metabolic acidosis, the association between an anion gap and MALA diagnosis is still uncertain. CASE PRESENTATION: Cases involving six Caucasian patients with suspected MALA who were admitted to the emergency department were analysed. All these patients presented with pH values < 7.35, lactate levels > 2 mmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration < 30 mL/min. Metformin plasma concentrations were > 2.5 mg/L in all the patients. The highest metformin concentrations were not found in the patients with the highest lactate levels. The anion gap values ranged from 12.3 to 39.3, with only two patients exhibiting values > 14. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with MALA, there is a significant variability in the anion gap values, which is not related to the level of metformin accumulation, and therefore, it is doubtful whether measuring anion gaps is useful as an approach for MALA diagnosis.


Assuntos
Equilíbrio Ácido-Base , Acidose Láctica/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/efeitos adversos , Metformina/efeitos adversos , Acidose Láctica/sangue , Acidose Láctica/induzido quimicamente , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ânions/sangue , Cátions/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Ácido Láctico/sangue , Masculino , Metformina/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
2.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 413(5): 1363-1371, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33388932

RESUMO

Novel polyepinephrine-modified NaYF4:Yb,Tm upconversion luminescent nanoparticles (UCNP@PEP) were prepared via the self-polymerization of epinephrine on the surfaces of the UCNPs for selective sensing of Fe3+ inside a cell and for intracellular imaging. The proposed UCNP@PEP probe is a strong blue light emitter (λmax = 474 nm) upon exposure to an excitation wavelength of 980 nm. The probe was used for detecting Fe3+ owing to the complexation reaction between UCNP@PEP and Fe3+, resulting in reduced upconversion luminescence (UCL) intensity. The proposed probe has a detection limit of 0.2 µM and a good linear range of 1-10 µM for sensing Fe3+ ions. Moreover, the UCNP@PEP probe displays high cell viability (90%) and is feasible for intracellular imaging. The ability of the probe to sense Fe3+ in a human serum sample was tested and shows promising output for diagnostic purposes. The prepared UCNP@PEP probe was characterized by using UV-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrometry, fluorescence (FL) spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).


Assuntos
Cátions/análise , Epinefrina/química , Fluoretos/química , Ferro/análise , Nanopartículas/química , Itérbio/química , Ítrio/química , Cátions/sangue , Células HeLa , Humanos , Ferro/sangue , Luminescência , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Imagem Óptica , Polímeros/química
3.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest ; 80(3): 247-255, 2020 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32077771

RESUMO

Few studies were reported on trace elements' alterations in uremic patients undergoing long-term (>24 months) hemodialysis (HD), especially by using the whole blood as the biological fluid for the measuring purpose. Our objective was to develop an improved micro-sampling inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method to determine the levels of Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Se and Pb in uremic patients receiving long-term HD. A ICP-MS method with a modified whole blood sample preparation procedure with small volumes was established and applied for the simultaneous quantification of the various elements in uremic patients undergoing long-term HD. 124 eligible uremic patients receiving long-term HD (75 males and 49 females) and 77 healthy subjects (54 males and 23 females) were recruited and Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Se and Pb levels were further determined. Our results revealed that uremic patients with HD had significantly higher blood levels of Ca, Mg, Zn and Pb and lower Cu, Fe, Se and Mn concentrations than healthy controls. In conclusion, a reproducible and reliable ICP-MS method using minimal whole blood sample volume (50 µL) with a simple dilution-based preparation procedure was successfully improved, validated and applied. Uremic patients undergoing long-term HD might be at increased risk of some essential trace elements deficiency (especially for Cu, Fe and Se) or toxic trace element excess (Pb) in respect to healthy subjects. Monitoring of blood levels and supplementation of some trace elements may be indicated in uremic patients undergoing long-term HD.


Assuntos
Cátions/sangue , Falência Renal Crônica/sangue , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Diálise Renal/métodos , Espectrofotometria Atômica/métodos , Uremia/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Cálcio/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cobre/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Ferro/sangue , Falência Renal Crônica/terapia , Chumbo/sangue , Magnésio/sangue , Masculino , Manganês/sangue , Espectrometria de Massas/normas , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Selênio/sangue , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos , Espectrofotometria Atômica/normas , Uremia/terapia , Zinco/sangue
4.
Chem Commun (Camb) ; 55(76): 11442-11445, 2019 Sep 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31486469

RESUMO

Plasmonic resonance energy transfer (PRET) from a Au nanosphere (AuNS) to a quantum dot (QD) is discovered at the single particle level. A homogenous immunoassay based on this PRET is verified using a prostate specific antigen (PSA) as an example. The limit of detection of the PSA is determined to be 0.2 fM.


Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , Transferência Ressonante de Energia de Fluorescência , Ouro/química , Imunoensaio , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Pontos Quânticos/química , Albuminas/análise , Aminoácidos/sangue , Animais , Ânions/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Cátions/sangue , Galinhas , Humanos
5.
Drug Test Anal ; 11(3): 455-460, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30253069

RESUMO

Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4 ) was administered to calm competition horses. We evaluated the impact of regulatory requirements for the handling of blood samples on plasma ionized magnesium (iMg), ionized calcium (iCa), the iMg to iCa ratio, and pH. We hypothesized that iCa, iMg. and iMg/iCa would be similar among storage and collection methods. Four blood samples were collected from each of 50 horses on the same day: Group 1 - collection in a heparinized syringe and processed within hours in a clinical laboratory; Group 2 - collection into a plasma separator tube (PST) centrifuged just prior to analysis, and plasma processed as in (1); Group 3 - collection into a PST, refrigerated, shipped via overnight carrier to the United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) Equine Drug Testing and Research laboratory, centrifuged just prior to analysis, and plasma processed; and Group 4 - as in Group 3, but stored frozen at -80°C for 90 days, thawed, and plasma processed as in Group 3. Results for iMg/iCa are unit-less, adjusted iMg for potential influence of plasma protein and iCa, and highly correlated with iMg pH (r = -.933; P < 0.01). Samples processed immediately in a clinical reference laboratory had the greatest iMg/iCa. Both iMg/iCa and pH predictably decreased after freezing (P < 0.001). These data suggest that the iMg/iCa mirrors alterations in iMg regardless of storage and collection methods. This understanding can facilitate the development of a regulatory threshold for the control of the nefarious use of magnesium sulfate in competing horses, and an understanding of potential changes to iMg/iCa with storage of B samples.


Assuntos
Cálcio/sangue , Controle de Medicamentos e Entorpecentes/métodos , Cavalos/sangue , Magnésio/sangue , Manejo de Espécimes/normas , Fatores Etários , Animais , Cátions/sangue , Dopagem Esportivo/métodos , Feminino , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Detecção do Abuso de Substâncias/métodos
6.
PLoS One ; 13(5): e0196763, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29723224

RESUMO

AIM: Acute and subacute cardiotoxicity are characterized by prolongation of the corrected QT interval (QTc) and other measures derived from the QTc interval, such as QTc dispersion (QTdc) and transmural dispersion of repolarization (DTpTe). Although anthracyclines prolong the QTc interval, it is unclear whether breast cancer patients who undergo the ACT chemotherapy regimen of anthracycline (doxorubicin: A), cyclophosphamide (C) and taxane (T) may present with QTc, QTdc and DTpTe prolongation. METHODS: Twenty-three consecutive patients with breast cancer were followed prospectively during ACT chemotherapy and were analyzed according to their QT measurements. QTc, QTdc and DTpTe measurements were determined by a 12-lead electrocardiogram (EKG) prior to chemotherapy (baseline), immediately after the first phase of anthracycline and cyclophosphamide (AC) treatment, and immediately after T treatment. Serum troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were also measured. RESULTS: Compared to baseline values, the QTc interval was significantly prolonged after the AC phase (439.7 ± 33.2 ms vs. 472.5 ± 36.3 ms, p = 0.001) and after T treatment (439.7 ± 33.2 ms vs. 467.9 ± 42.6 ms, p < 0.001). Troponin levels were elevated after the AC phase (23.0 pg/mL [min-max: 6.0-85.0] vs. 6.0 pg/mL [min-max: 6.0-22.0], p < 0.001) and after T treatment (25.0 pg/mL [min-max: 6.0-80.0] vs. 6.0 pg/mL [min-max: 6.0-22.0], p < 0.001) compared to baseline values. CONCLUSION: In this prospective study of patients with non-metastatic breast cancer who underwent ACT chemotherapy, significant QTc prolongation and an elevation in serum troponin levels were observed.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Ciclofosfamida/efeitos adversos , Eletrocardiografia/efeitos dos fármacos , Sistema de Condução Cardíaco/efeitos dos fármacos , Cardiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Paclitaxel/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/sangue , Neoplasias da Mama/fisiopatologia , Cátions/sangue , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Ciclofosfamida/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Doxorrubicina/efeitos adversos , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Cardiopatias/sangue , Cardiopatias/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico/sangue , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Paclitaxel/farmacologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Troponina I/sangue
7.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr ; 64(9): 464-470, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29050702

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Microalbuminuria (MAU), a complication of diabetes, is closely related to cardiovascular events. A fragmented QRS (fQRS) in the electrocardiogram (ECG) was found to be strongly associated to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the association between a fQRS and MAU in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-seven patients (mean age, 50.49 years; 44.01% male) with T2DM of at least six months duration and at least two urine albumin/creatinine ratios (ACRs) available were enrolled into the study between December 2015 and May 2016. All patients underwent ECG and echocardiography, and were taken blood and urine samples. Patients were divided into two groups according to presence of fQRS (group 1) or absence of fQRS (group 2). RESULTS: Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. MAU and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd) were increased in patients with a fQRS in the ECG (p=0.002, p=0.02, and p=0.007, respectively). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed MAU and an increased LVEDd to be independent risk factors for the presence of a fQRS in the ECG of T2DM patients. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: In this study, a fQRS was associated to MAU. In T2DM, MAU may be related to subclinical diastolic and systolic dysfunction.


Assuntos
Albuminúria/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatologia , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/fisiopatologia , Nefropatias Diabéticas/urina , Eletrocardiografia , Adulto , Cátions/sangue , Creatinina/sangue , Creatinina/urina , Estudos Transversais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/urina , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/mortalidade , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Humanos , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/diagnóstico por imagem , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/etiologia , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/fisiopatologia , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Estudos Prospectivos
8.
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen ; 32(6): 353-359, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28554217

RESUMO

We investigated oxidative stress markers and metal ions in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The serum levels of ceruloplasmin (CER), C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA), homocysteine (Hcy), copper, iron, and zinc were determined in 125 patients with AD (mild, n = 2 8; moderate, n = 42; and severe, n = 55) and 40 healthy control (HC) participants. Compared to HC, CER and UA levels were significantly lower in moderate and severe AD groups, whereas CRP and Hcy levels were significantly higher in the severe AD group. Copper level was significantly higher in moderate and severe AD groups than the other groups. Compared to HC, iron level was significantly higher in patients with AD, whereas zinc level was significantly lower in patients with AD. In patients with AD, the severity of cognitive impairment was positively correlated with CER, UA, and zinc levels, whereas it was negatively correlated with copper level. Taken together, our findings provide a novel approach to assess AD progression.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/sangue , Doença de Alzheimer/fisiopatologia , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Ceruloplasmina/análise , Cobre/sangue , Homocisteína/sangue , Ferro/sangue , Ácido Úrico/sangue , Zinco/sangue , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Cátions/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
9.
Anal Chem ; 89(3): 2080-2085, 2017 02 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28035804

RESUMO

A microfluidic droplet synthesis approach for the preparation of poly N-isopropylacrylamide protected gold nanoparticles (PNIPAm@AuNPs) was presented here. Well-dispersed PNIPAm@AuNPs could be generated within 8 min. On the basis of the aggregation-induced UV-vis adsorption intensity increasing mechanism, the PNIPAm@AuNPs-based colorimetric probe displayed high sensitivity and good selectivity for sensing copper ions. A linear calibration of relative UV-vis adsorption intensity increasing versus copper ions concentration was obtained within 5.0-750.0 µM, and the limit of detection was 2.5 µM. Furthermore, after copper ions were injected in rat, a metabolic assay was developed with the proposed probe. The results indicated that the droplet microfluidic synthesis system could provide a new way for preparation of polymer@AuNPs with good polydispersity index and showed great potential of polymer@AuNPs-based sensing probe for application in biological and clinical analysis.


Assuntos
Resinas Acrílicas/química , Técnicas Biossensoriais , Cobre/sangue , Ouro/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Técnicas Analíticas Microfluídicas/instrumentação , Animais , Cátions/sangue , Colorimetria/métodos , Limite de Detecção , Masculino , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta/métodos
10.
Cas Lek Cesk ; 155(7): 365-369, 2016.
Artigo em Tcheco | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27990831

RESUMO

Two approaches have been used in clinical evaluation the acid-base status: traditional (bicarbonate-centered) is based on the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation complemented by calculation of the anion gap, and more recent quantitative approach proposed by Stewart and Fencl. The latter method defines the three independent variables, which regulate pH. These include: the difference between the sum of charges carried by strong plasma cations and anions termed the strong ion difference - SID (decrease causes acidosis, and vice versa); the total concentration of the weak non-volatile acids [Atot] (inorganic phosphate and albumin, decrease causes alkalosis and vice versa), and pCO2. According to this approach, pH and bicarbonate are dependent variables. Their concentrations change if and only if one or more independent variables are altered.The main advantage of the Stewart-Fencl approach is the calculation of the concentration of plasma acids, which are not routinely measured. In the traditional approach, their presence is inferred from the anion gap. The correction of the value of anion gap according to the serum albumin level increases the specificity. This correction brings traditional approach closer to the Stewart-Fencl method that precisely calculates unmeasured strong anions by further adjustment of the corrected anion gap according to the serum phosphate, calcium and magnesium levels. The precise calculation of unmeasured anions is important in critically ill patients with the metabolic breakdown, where the traditional approach may overlook the presence of unmeasured anions. Consideration of the sodium-chloride difference draws the attention to acid-base disturbance caused by change of the strong ion difference.


Assuntos
Equilíbrio Ácido-Base/fisiologia , Desequilíbrio Ácido-Base/diagnóstico , Desequilíbrio Ácido-Base/fisiopatologia , Desequilíbrio Ácido-Base/sangue , Ânions/sangue , Bicarbonatos/sangue , Cátions/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Masculino
11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26123510

RESUMO

Water-soluble carbon dots (CDs) were prepared, using a facile hydrothermal oxidation route of cyclic oligosaccharide α-CD, as carbon sources, and alkali as additives. The successful synthesis of CDs was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), FTIR, UV-visible absorption, and emission fluorescence. The characterizations showed that the prepared CDs are spherical and well-dispersed in water with average diameters of approximately 2 nm. These water-soluble CDs have excellent photo stability towards photo bleaching during 30 days. The obtained CDs showed a strong emission at the wavelength of 450 nm, with an optimum excitation of 360 nm. The fluorescence quenching of CDs in the presence of Fe(III) ions was used as fluorescent probes for quantifying Fe(III) ions in aqueous solution. Under optimum condition, the fluorescence intensity versus Fe(III) concentration gave a linear response, according to Stern-Volmer equation. The linearity range of the calibration curve and the limit of detection were 1.60×10(-5) to 16.6×10(-5) mol L(-1), and 6.05×10(-6) mol L(-1), respectively, which was in the range for serum analysis of Fe(III). It was concluded that the prepared CDs had a great potential as fluorescent probes for applications in analysis of Fe(III) ions in the blood serum samples, which is hardly interfered by other ions.


Assuntos
Carbono/química , Corantes Fluorescentes/química , Ferro/sangue , Nanoestruturas/química , alfa-Ciclodextrinas/química , Cátions/sangue , Compostos Férricos/sangue , Humanos , Nanoestruturas/ultraestrutura , Espectrometria de Fluorescência
12.
Chem Soc Rev ; 44(13): 4415-32, 2015 Jul 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25742963

RESUMO

Luminescent sensors and switches continue to play a key role in shaping our understanding of key biochemical processes, assist in the diagnosis of disease and contribute to the design of new drugs and therapies. Similarly, their contribution to the environment cannot be understated as they offer a portable means to undertake field testing for hazardous chemicals and pollutants such as heavy metals. From a physiological perspective, the Group I and II metal ions are among the most important in the periodic table with blood plasma levels of H(+), Na(+) and Ca(2+) being indicators of several possible disease states. In this review, we examine the progress that has been made in the development of luminescent probes for Group I and Group II ions as well as protons. The potential applications of these probes and the mechanism involved in controlling their luminescent response upon analyte binding will also be discussed.


Assuntos
Álcalis/sangue , Técnicas Biossensoriais , Cátions/sangue , Corantes Fluorescentes , Metais Alcalinoterrosos/sangue , Prótons , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Imagem Óptica
13.
Transfusion ; 55(1): 205-19, 2015 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25130459

RESUMO

Red blood cell (RBC) aging in the blood bank is characterized by the accumulation of a significant number of biochemical and morphologic alterations. Recent mass spectrometry and electron microscopy studies have provided novel insights into the molecular changes underpinning the accumulation of storage lesions to RBCs in the blood bank. Biochemical lesions include altered cation homeostasis, reprogrammed energy, and redox metabolism, which result in the impairment of enzymatic activity and progressive depletion of high-energy phosphate compounds. These factors contribute to the progressive accumulation of oxidative stress, which in turn promotes oxidative lesions to proteins (carbonylation, fragmentation, hemoglobin glycation) and lipids (peroxidation). Biochemical lesions negatively affect RBC morphology, which is marked by progressive membrane blebbing and vesiculation. These storage lesions contribute to the altered physiology of long-stored RBCs and promote the rapid clearance of up to one-fourth of long-stored RBCs from the recipient's bloodstream after 24 hours from administration. While prospective clinical evidence is accumulating, from the present review it emerges that biochemical, morphologic, and omics profiles of stored RBCs have observable changes after approximately 14 days of storage. Future studies will assess whether these in vitro observations might have clinically meaningful effects.


Assuntos
Preservação de Sangue , Envelhecimento Eritrocítico , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Proteômica , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Proteína 1 de Troca de Ânion do Eritrócito/química , Transporte Biológico , Preservação de Sangue/efeitos adversos , Preservação de Sangue/métodos , Proteínas Sanguíneas/química , Cátions/sangue , Metabolismo Energético , Envelhecimento Eritrocítico/fisiologia , Índices de Eritrócitos , Membrana Eritrocítica/ultraestrutura , Transfusão de Eritrócitos/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Espectrometria de Massas , Lipídeos de Membrana/química , MicroRNAs/sangue , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Oxirredução , Estresse Oxidativo , Oxigênio/sangue , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Temperatura
14.
Analyst ; 139(13): 3469-75, 2014 Jul 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24842842

RESUMO

The significance of metals in life and their epidemiological effects necessitate the development of a direct, efficient, and rapid method of analysis. The matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization technique is on the horns of a dilemma of metal analysis as the conventional matrixes have high background in the low mass range. An organic salt, NEDC (N-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride), is applied as a matrix for identification of metal ions in the negative ion mode in the present work. Sixteen metal ions, Ba(2+), Ca(2+), Cd(2+), Ce(3+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+), Hg(2+), K(+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Na(+), Ni(2+), Pb(2+), Sn(2+) and Zn(2+), in the form of their chloride-adducted clusters were systematically tested. Mass spectra can provide unambiguous identification through accurate mass-to-charge ratios and characteristic isotope patterns. Compared to ruthenium ICP standard solution, tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)dichlororuthenium(ii) (C30H24N6Cl2Ru) can form organometallic chloride adducts to discriminate from the inorganic ruthenium by this method. After evaluating the sensitivity for Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Pb and Zn and plotting their quantitation curves of signal intensity versus concentration, we determined magnesium concentration in lake water quantitatively to be 5.42 mg L(-1) using the standard addition method. There is no significant difference from the result obtained with ICP-OES, 5.8 mg L(-1). Human urine and blood were also detected to ascertain the multi-metal analysis ability of this strategy in complex samples. At last, we explored its applicability to tissue slice and visualized sodium and potassium distribution by mass spectrometry imaging in the normal Kunming mouse brain.


Assuntos
Química Encefálica , Etilenodiaminas/química , Lagos/análise , Metais/análise , Metais/sangue , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz/métodos , Adulto , Animais , Cátions/análise , Cátions/sangue , Cátions/urina , Cloretos/química , Feminino , Humanos , Metais/urina , Camundongos , Adulto Jovem
15.
Transplant Proc ; 45(9): 3320-4, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24182810

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative changes in hemodynamics and biochemical indices in pediatric recipients of live-donor liver transplants (LDLT). METHODS: Hemodynamics and biochemical indices (coagulation function, electrolytes, kidney function, liver function, and blood analysis) were monitored on the day before and the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days after the procedure in 20 children who underwent LDLT from June 2006 to January 2009. RESULTS: Compared with preoperative measurements, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure increased and prothrombin time was prolonged significantly during the first 7 days after LDLT (P < .05). Fibrinogen, platelet count, total protein, globulin, and blood magnesium decreased significantly (P < .05). Liver enzymes (aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT]) and blood sodium increased significantly; serum potassium and calcium declined on the first postoperative day (P < .05). On the 7th day, AST returned to nearly normal (P < .05) and ALT returned to the preoperative levels. Blood urea nitrogen fluctuated within the normal range (P < .05). Total and direct bilirubin decreased on the 1st day but returned to near normal levels on the 7th day (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrated postoperative changes in hemodynamics, electrolytes, and biochemical indices in pediatric LDLT recipients. The changes in clotting factors and platelet count did not result in severe coagulation function disorder; kidney function was normal. Changes in liver enzymes and bilirubin compared with the preoperation indices were within the regulatory scope of liver and did not result in severe complications. These preliminary postoperative trends suggest that further prospective evaluation is needed.


Assuntos
Hemodinâmica , Transplante de Fígado , Doadores Vivos , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Cátions/sangue , Criança , Humanos , Período Pós-Operatório
16.
Poult Sci ; 92(11): 2899-903, 2013 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24135593

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of low doses of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on responses to common vaccines and levels of serum cations in broilers. Male broilers at 7 d of age were fed control (no AFB1), a 75 µg of AFB1/kg (75 ppb of AFB1) diet, or a 750 µg of AFB1/kg (750 ppb of AFB1) diet. The 750 ppb of AFB1 diet resulted in a temporary increase in ELISA titers against Newcastle disease virus (P = 0.014) and infectious bursal disease virus (P = 0.005) during wk 2 and 4 of exposure, respectively, compared with the control diet. Conversely, lower (P ≤ 0.01) serum protein concentrations were found in broilers under the 750 ppb AFB1 diet during wk 2 and 4. During wk 2 of exposure, lower serum levels of potassium were noted in birds under both the 75 (P = 0.037) and 750 ppb (P = 0.000) AFB1 diets compared with those under the control diet. During wk 5, higher serum magnesium (P = 0.004), and sodium (P = 0.000) under the 750 ppb AFB1 diet were found compared with the control diet. These data indicate that low dietary levels of AFB1 can temporarily increase or decrease the studied serological variables in broilers depending upon the stage of exposure.


Assuntos
Aflatoxina B1/farmacologia , Cátions/sangue , Galinhas/microbiologia , Galinhas/fisiologia , Vacinas Virais/imunologia , Aflatoxina B1/administração & dosagem , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Análise Química do Sangue/veterinária , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Hormese/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/imunologia , Masculino , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Espectrofotometria Atômica/veterinária , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem
17.
Nanoscale ; 5(6): 2364-71, 2013 Mar 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23392549

RESUMO

A high concern for human health and safety has motivated dynamic research on the potential impact of transition metal ions and their toxic effects, thus it is very challenging to design transition-metal ion detection devices that are cost-effective, rapid and applicable to the biological milieus. Driven by the need to detect trace amounts of Fe(3+) from blood samples, we report a highly selective and ultrasensitive calix[4]arene modified silver nanoprobe for Fe(3+) recognition at the 9.4 nM level from aqueous solution with excellent discrimination against other heavy metals and biomolecules. The assembly was characterized by TEM (transmission electron microscopy), DLS (dynamic light scattering), UV-Vis, FT-IR, ESI-MS and (1)H NMR spectrometry, which demonstrate the higher binding affinity for Fe(3+). The biosensor has been successfully applied to estimate the ferric ion in human blood serum as well as in human hemoglobin.


Assuntos
Cátions/sangue , Ferro/sangue , Nanoestruturas/química , Prata/química , Humanos
18.
Mycotoxin Res ; 29(2): 113-7, 2013 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23430398

RESUMO

The present experiment was carried out to investigate if levels of serum cations in broilers are modulated differently at various stages of exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON). Male broiler chicks at 7 days of age were fed a basal diet (0.27 mg of DON; 0.01 mg of zearalenone/kg), or either a low DON diet (1.68 mg of DON; 0.15 mg of zearalenone/kg) or a high DON diet (12.21 mg of DON; 1.09 mg of zearalenone/kg) produced using extracts from Fusarium graminearum cultures. Blood samples from the birds were collected during weeks 2, 4, and 5 of exposure. The high DON diet resulted in lower serum calcium levels compared to the basal diet at all the 3 sampling stages, while the low DON diet resulted in lower serum calcium levels only during weeks 2 and 5. Serum potassium levels were reduced under both the DON diets during weeks 2 and 5, while no diet-associated changes were found for serum levels of magnesium, sodium, and zinc. Under the present experimental conditions, the serum levels of calcium were consistently modulated in the broilers exposed to the DON-contaminated diets. The modulation of serum levels of potassium was, however, dependent upon the stage of exposure to DON.


Assuntos
Cátions/sangue , Intoxicação/fisiopatologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/fisiopatologia , Soro/química , Tricotecenos/toxicidade , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fusarium/química , Masculino , Fatores de Tempo , Tricotecenos/administração & dosagem , Tricotecenos/isolamento & purificação
19.
Toxins (Basel) ; 4(11): 1309-22, 2012 Nov 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23202318

RESUMO

The oral adsorbent AST-120 is composed of spherical carbon particles and has an adsorption ability for certain small-molecular-weight compounds that accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). So far, very few compounds are known to be adsorbed by AST-120 in vivo. To examine the effect of AST-120 in vivo, we comprehensively evaluated the plasma concentrations of 146 compounds (61 anions and 85 cations) in CKD model rats, with or without four weeks of treatment with AST-120. By capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry, we identified 6 anions and 17 cations that were significantly decreased by AST-120 treatment. In contrast, we also identified 2 cations that were significantly increased by AST-120. Among them, 4 anions, apart from indoxyl sulfate and hippurate, and 19 cations were newly identified in this study. The plasma levels of N-acetyl-neuraminate, 4-pyridoxate, 4-oxopentanoate, glycine, γ-guanidinobutyrate, N-γ-ethylglutamine, allantoin, cytosine, 5-methylcytosine and imidazole-4-acetate were significantly increased in the CKD model compared with the sham-operated group, and were significantly decreased by AST-120 treatment. Therefore, these 10 compounds could be added as uremic compounds that indicate the effect of AST-120 treatment. This study provides useful information not only for identifying the indicators of AST-120, but also for clarifying changes in the metabolic profile by AST-120 treatment in the clinical setting.


Assuntos
Carbono/uso terapêutico , Metaboloma , Óxidos/uso terapêutico , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Toxinas Biológicas/sangue , Administração Oral , Adsorção , Animais , Ânions/sangue , Carbono/administração & dosagem , Carbono/química , Cátions/sangue , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eletroforese Capilar , Testes de Função Renal , Espectrometria de Massas , Metabolômica , Nefrectomia , Óxidos/administração & dosagem , Óxidos/química , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Toxinas Biológicas/metabolismo , Uremia/sangue , Uremia/metabolismo
20.
Electrophoresis ; 33(11): 1571-81, 2012 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22736359

RESUMO

In this study, online sample concentration method, which coupled field-amplified sample injection (FASI) and sweeping technology with micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), was used to detect and analyze acidic and basic components in a single run. In order to concentrate the acidic and basic components simultaneously in a single run sweeping step, a combination of successive anion- and cation-selective injections were used. Before sample loading, a rinse buffer containing 50 mM Tris buffer (pH 3) with 41% MeOH and 0.1% polyethylene oxide (PEO) was injected in order to suppress the electroosmotic flow (EOF). Sample loading of anionic components was achieved by electrokinetic injection at a negative voltage of -2.5 kV for 80 s, and then the cationic components were injected at a positive voltage of +5 kV for 120 s. Finally, sweeping with SDS micelles from the separation buffer (25 mM Tris buffer with 60 mM SDS, pH 3) was performed at a negative voltage of -20 kV. This capillary electrophoretic methodology was applied to the quantification of acidic and basic drugs in commercial tablets and in plasma samples. The precision and accuracy of the proposed method at different concentrations ranging from high, medium, to low were evaluated on spiked plasma samples. The intra and interday precision and accuracy values at three concentrations were all below 6.1%. The method was also successfully applied to monitor the tested drugs in the plasma of nine elderly cardiovascular and/or Alzheimer's disease patients after oral administration of the commercial products.


Assuntos
Ânions/química , Cátions/química , Cromatografia Capilar Eletrocinética Micelar/métodos , Preparações Farmacêuticas/química , Adulto , Idoso , Ânions/sangue , Ânions/isolamento & purificação , Fármacos Cardiovasculares , Cátions/sangue , Cátions/isolamento & purificação , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Limite de Detecção , Metanol/química , Nootrópicos , Preparações Farmacêuticas/sangue , Preparações Farmacêuticas/isolamento & purificação , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
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