RESUMO
In reviewing recent progress in the chemistry of leprosy treatment one is not impressed so much by any really new discovery as by the fact that so little was definitely known or generally accepted five years ago. It is not difficult to pick out important facts now widely accepeted and made use of in the treatment of leprosy, and to note that someone knew (or at least believed) this, that, and the other, ten, one hundred, or one thousand years ago. It is important, however, to recall that such quasi knowledge was so confounded with erroneous beliefs as to have very little effective value
Assuntos
Chaulmoogra/administração & dosagem , Chaulmoogra/isolamento & purificação , Chaulmoogra/prevenção & controle , Chaulmoogra/uso terapêutico , Hanseníase , Hanseníase/epidemiologia , Hanseníase/prevenção & controle , Hanseníase/terapia , Hanseníase/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
A method for the purification of chaulmoogra oils is given. It is shown that the time of esterification of chaulmoogra oil is not a reliable criterion for determining the completion of the reaction. Refractive index and optical activity of mixed ethyl esters of Hydnocarpus wightiana oil is given. The factors affecting the rate of esterification are enumerated and discussed. Experiments that show the influence of sulphuric acid on the rate of esterification are recorded. A method for the esterification of chaulmoogra oil in approximately eight hours is described. Apparatus for the esterification of chaulmoogra oil in approximately eight hours is described. Apparatus for the preparation, distillation and purification of the ethyl esters of chaulmoogra oil is described. The method of vacuum distillation of ethyl esters in an iron still is included, with a diagram of the still and directions for its operation. Methods for the preparation of creosoted and iodized esters are given in detail, including precautions to be observed.
Assuntos
Chaulmoogra/análise , Chaulmoogra/história , Chaulmoogra/isolamento & purificação , Hansenostáticos/históriaRESUMO
The constituent fractions of the acids of sapucainha oil have been separated by cold processes as afr as possible and tested for irritant properties. A crystalline acid fraction (chaulmoogric, hydnocarpic and palmitic acids), an oily acid (5 per cent), and a keto-acid (4,5 per cent), gave bland ethyl esters and sodium salts. The only product to exhibit marked irritant properties was a tarry acid fraction (9 per cent), which appeared to consist essentially of a lactonic acid. The ethyl esters of the crystalline acids were not rendered irritant by distillation at 350°/760 mm., but on long exposure in thin layers to ligh and air they change in physical and chemical character and become highly irritant, possibly owing to the production of the lactonic acid above mentioned.