A circular depression at the spinoglenoid notch of a prehistoric Andean scapula: Plausible evidence of suprascapular nerve entrapment by a paralabral cyst.

While intraosseous cysts have been described in the paleopathological literature, it is rare to find reports concerning effects of soft tissue cysts, although they are relatively common in clinical contexts. Here we present plausible evidence of an extraosseous paralabral cyst, seen in an adult scapula from a Late Intermediate period commingled tomb (ca. AD 1200) at the northern highland site of Marcajirca, Ancash, Peru. The scapula demonstrated a smooth-sided concave depression at the spinoglenoid notch. The depression was notable for its regular appearance, with no bone deposition or destruction. Rather than reflect an intraosseous pathology, the defect likely resulted from pressure erosion from a space-occupying mass. A narrow strip of flattened bone connected the depression to the posterior-superior aspect of the glenoid. The location and morphology of the depression and its connection with the glenoid are consistent with the effects of a paralabral cyst that arose secondary to a tear of the posterior-superior glenoid labrum. A labral tear may act as a one-way valve permitting fluid to flow along a path of least resistance, often to the spinoglenoid notch. A cyst at the spinoglenoid notch would compress the suprascapular nerve, causing weakened function of infraspinatus and its eventual atrophy.

Some observations on the septum pellucidum.

The thin, vertically placed partition consisting of two laminae separated by a narrow chink constitutes the cavity of the septum pellucidum, known from the time of Sylvius. Traumatic lesions in boxers, rare congenital expanding cysts causing hydrocephalus, and a number of septo-optic dysplasias give clinical significance to the septum and its related cavum.

História dos meningeomas císticos / History of cystic meningiomas

Os autores fazem revisäo da literatura médica sobre os meningeomas císticos, desde o século passado até hoje. Eles relembram os diferentes nomes dados aos meningeomas os quais foram unidos por Cushing, em 1922, que criou a palavra meningeoma para indicar todos os tumores que pareciam originar-se da paquimeninge. Os meningeomas císticos (MCs) já eram conhecidos antigamente, quando os meningeomas eram chamados sarcomas. Os autores comentam a localizaçäo e o diagnóstico dos MCs e, ao longo do trabalho, comentam 4 casos de MCs, de sua própria experiência, 2 supratentoriais e 2 infratentoriais. Também chamam a atençäo para um caso raro de meningeoma melanótico cistico, com líquido negro, contendo hemácias e células fortemente pigmentadas de melanina. Este nosso caso talves seja o único até hoje observado

[Chalazion or basalioma in an oil painting of the National Portraits Gallery in London]. / Chalazion oder Basaliom auf einem Olgemälde der National Portrait Gallery in London.

Using an oil painting by G.F. Watts displayed in the National Portrait Gallery of London, we made an attempt to diagnose the dermatological alterations recognizable.

Nasolabial cyst.

The nasolabial cyst is a rare lesion. Eight cases seen at the Birmingham and Midland ENT Hospital over 10 years were studied. Little diagnostic difficulty was encountered and all were successfully treated by surgical excision. A brief review of the literature is included.

Internal laryngocele and saccular cysts in children.

Two children, one with an internal laryngocele and the other with a lateral saccular cyst are described. The anatomy, classification, and history of these unusual lesions are described. The diagnosis and management are discussed. An external approach is suggested for the more persistent cases.