Plaque control with chlorhexidine and D-301, a quaternary ammonium compound.

Eighteen female dental hygiene students took part in a double-blind, crossover clinical trial of equimolar (2.2 mmol) rinsing solutions of D-301, a quaternary ammonium compound and chlorhexidine digluconate, Rinsings were partly supervised, test periods were 7 days (5 days without oral hygiene) with a 1-week interval. Plaque formation was significantly reduced by both test solutions versus the control; on not precleaned tooth surfaces plaque formation was equally inhibited by the chlorhexidine and D-301 mouthrinses. On precleaned surfaces D-301 significantly inhibited plaque formation compared with the control rinse, but was less effective than chlorhexidine. There was no significant change in the PBI, a measure of gingival inflammation, during any of the test period. Staining of teeth and tongue was judged as equal after chlorhexidine and D-301 use. Reports of taste and gastric disturbances were minimal but more frequent during the D-301 test period.

[Comparative study of fungicidal activity in vitro of various quaternary ammonium compounds used in ophthalmology]. / Etude comparée de l'activité antifongique in vitro de quelques ammoniums quaternaires utilisés en ophtalmologie.

A study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity in vitro of 5 quaternary ammonium compounds. N cetylpyridinium was found to be particularly active against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. The association of N cetylpyridinium and of neosynephrine, found in various eye drop compositions, resulted in potentation of the antifungal activity of this quaternary ammonium.

Altered ocular absorption and disposition of sodium cromoglycate upon ion-pair and complex coacervate formation with dodecylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride.

Ion-pair formation between the dianionic drug sodium cromoglycate and dodecylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride has been found to alter the extent and rate of corneal penetration of both large ions upon their coadministration. Additionally, using a complex coacervate of the two large ions as the applied dose form (in which the complex is in equilibrium with the ion pairs), a change in the overall disposition of both large ions to the various components of the eye is observed.

[Preliminary evaluations of the use of dodecyl di-(beta-oxyethyl)-benzylammonium chloride as a routine decontaminant for isolation of mycobacteria]. / Prime valutazioni sull'impiego del cloruro di dodecil-di(beta-ossietil)-benzilammonio quale decontaminante di routine per l'isolamento dei micobatteri.

The percentages of positive cultures of mycobacteria obtained from sputum, bronchial-aspirate and urine treated with 0.2% Bactofen and with 0.5% Desogen were compared. Respiratory materials gave significantly higher values of these percentages when treated with Bactofen. Urine showed opposite results but these were not statistically significant. Isolates of MOTT too were more frequent in specimens decontaminated with Bactofen. Contamination rate showed no modifications.

[The use of dodecyl-di(beta-oxyethyl) benzylammonium chloride (Bactofen) as a decontaminant in the cultural examination for detection of the Koch bacillus in sputum]. / Impiego del dodecil-di (beta-ossietil) benzilammonio-cloruro [Bactofen] come decontaminante nell'esame colturale per la ricerca del bacillo di Koch nell'escreato.

We tried to see whether it was possible to use Bactofen to decontaminate sputum for culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bactofen showed very little bactericidal action on tubercle bacilli, lower than Desogen, and selectively destroyed many contaminants, more actively than benzalkonium chloride. Digested sputum decontaminated with 0.2% Bactofen and then applied to culture media without centrifugation gave good results in growth of colonies.

The feasibility of replacing antibiotics by quaternary ammonium compounds in topical antimicrobial acne therapy.

Determinations of the minimum inhibitory concentrations for various antimicrobial surfactants with reference to the bacteria P. acnes, P. granulosum, and St. epidermidis are reported. The results show that quaternary ammonium compounds can display minimum inhibitory concentrations corresponding to those of relevant antibiotics. With the especially effective substance fractionated dimethylcocobenzalkoniumchloride )ARQUAD DMMCD-B), it could be further shown that with in vivo application in 70% isopropanol or in an ethanol-containing film mask ointment suppression can be obtained of P. acnes, all propionibacteria added, and all pilosebaceous duct bacteria which can be cultured under anaerobic conditions. The studies may point out a way of replacing antibiotics in the antimicrobial therapy of acne by quaternary ammonium compounds.

Virucidal activity of some quaternary ammonium compounds.

Four different quaternary ammonium compounds were tested by microtechniques for evaluating their activity against the type species of six viral groups very frequently involved in human and animal pathology. Three disinfectants showed good activity against five of the representative viruses under test, while the fourth proved less effective. Poliovirus type 1 was found to be completely resistant.