RESUMO
beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (beta-ELI) was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 36 patients with acute head injury and 12 controls. The mean values of beta-ELI in CSF of controls and patients with moderate and severe acute head injury were 51.9 +/- 5.6 pg/ml, 110.5 pg/ml, and 173.8 +/- 20.1 pg/ml respectively, with significant difference between them (p less than 0.05). The results showed that beta-ELI increased in CSF of acute head injury patients.
Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , beta-Endorfina/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Contusões/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Feminino , Hematoma/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radioimunoensaio , Fraturas Cranianas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , beta-Endorfina/imunologiaAssuntos
Mãos/inervação , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/lesões , Criança , Contusões/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Contusões/diagnóstico por imagem , Contusões/fisiopatologia , Eletrofisiologia , Feminino , Fraturas Ósseas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Ósseas/fisiopatologia , Mãos/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Luxações Articulares/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Luxações Articulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Luxações Articulares/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Junção Neuromuscular/fisiopatologia , Radiografia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
During a period of 2 months the activity of creatine kinase BB (CK-BB) was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 93 consecutive patients admitted as emergencies to the Neurosurgical Department. Fourteen of the 15 patients with verified brain contusion showed an increased activity of CK-BB in the CSF whereas all patients with various other acute neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and acute headache, had a normal CK-BB activity. Two of 5 patients with subarachnoidal haemorrhage and 13 of 58 patients classified as concussion also showed an increased CK-BB activity. Spinal fluid pressure, number of red cells and activity of CK (total) were less useful than CK-BB in diagnosing acute brain damage. Even diagnostic ventricular puncture with a Fisher cannula, producing a tiny (diameter = 2.8 mm) brain lesion, gave rise to an increased CK-BB activity. CSF sampled repeatedly from 10 other patients with brain contusion showed CK-BB activities that suggest the optimum period for sampling to be between one and 15 hours after head injury. The results obtained suggest that CK-BB is a reliable indicator of brain damage following head injury.
Assuntos
Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/diagnóstico , Creatina Quinase/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Concussão Encefálica/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Contusões/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Isoenzimas , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/líquido cefalorraquidiano , RupturaRESUMO
Computer tomography (CT) and spectrophotometry of CSF were performed in 30 patients with the clinical diagnosis of cerebral concussion or contusion. The patients with concussion all had normal CT-findings. Spectrophotometry of CSF was sometimes positive for cerebral contusion with normal CT-findings, but the two methods were complementary so that the extent of the lesion was determined by CT and spectrophotometry of CSF indicated the cause.
Assuntos
Concussão Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Contusões/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Concussão Encefálica/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Lesões Encefálicas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Hemorragia Cerebral/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Contusões/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , EspectrofotometriaAssuntos
Lesões Encefálicas/metabolismo , Contusões/metabolismo , Lobo Frontal/lesões , Neurotransmissores/metabolismo , Lobo Temporal/lesões , Adulto , Lesões Encefálicas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Contusões/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Ácido Homovanílico/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Humanos , Ácido Hidroxi-Indolacético/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
In our studies on patients with head injury, it was noted that there are some correlations between their clinical courses and the urinary excretion of creatine (cr), creatinine (Crn), 17-ketosteroid and 17-hydroxycorticosteroid. We observed the high urinary excretion of Cr in patients with severe head injury while almost negative in a mild case. We reported those facts in 1974. Also noted in patients with head injury is the relationship between the enzyme-activities (GOT, GPT, LDH and CPK) in the cerebrospinal fluid and their clinical courses. In this paper, we reported 34 cases of head injured patients (simple type: 2, concussion: 9, contusion: 8, acute intracranial hematoma: 7 and chronic intra-cranial hematoma: 8). The control values of CSF enzyme-activities were determined in these 14 cases (simple head injury, whip-lash injury and osteoma of the skull) as GOT less that 15, GPT less than 7, LDH less than 12 and CPK less than 8 units. In the moderate cases, a slight increase in activities of 4 enzymes in CSF were observed, while in severe or comatose cases, the enzyme-activities (especially LDH and CPK) were greater than in the controls. In the dead cases these values were five times as high as the normal case. In the patients recovering from a serious stage, these activities decreased to normal. High CSF enzyme-levels tend to indicate a poor prognosis and low levels a favorable progrosis. In the patients with a significant elevation of CSF enzymes, a high urinary excretion of Cr [normal range: 0-150 (ca. 50)mg/day] was often observed. There was no apparent correlation between the enzyme level in CSF and that in serum and the increase or decrease of these 4 enzymes are not always proprotionate with each other. As reported by Green (1958) and Lending (1961), cerebral cell necrosis and increased permeability of BLB, BBB or cerebral cell membrane can be related to the increase of enzymeactivities. With these observations, it can be considered that severe head injury gives influence on metabolic function in the hypothalamus and may cause in the levels of CSF enzymes and/or the urinary excretions of Cr, Crn and corticosteroids. And the examinations of enzyme activities in the patients with head injury may become a useful aid to make an outlook of their clinical coure and prognosis.
Assuntos
Alanina Transaminase/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Aspartato Aminotransferases/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Lesões Encefálicas/enzimologia , Creatina Quinase/líquido cefalorraquidiano , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Concussão Encefálica/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Concussão Encefálica/urina , Lesões Encefálicas/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Lesões Encefálicas/urina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Contusões/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Contusões/urina , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/urina , Hematoma Subdural/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Hematoma Subdural/urina , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Cerbrospinal fluid (CSF) cyclic adenosine-3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) was measured in rabbits after experimental brain injury as well as in patients with cerebral contusion and cerebral concussion. In rabbits a marked elevation lasting for two weeks was observed. From the third week onwards after the injury the CSF cAMP concentration was lower than the basal level before the injury. Dexamethasone partly inhibited the elevation. Ethanol treatment decreased the CSF cAMP values. In man, the CSF cAMP concentration was significantly higher in patients with cerebral contusion than in those with cerebral concussion. Also in the latter group the cAMP values were higher than in control patients. Due to the clear differences between the various groups, measurement of cAMP concentration in CSF might have diagnostic value in evaluation of the severity of cerebral lesion in the acute phase. Also the activities of some enzymes were measured, and the results were parallel with cAMP changes but less striking.