[Dance and movement as therapeutic processes: historical context and comparisons]. / Dança e movimento como processos terapêuticos: contextualização histórica e comparação entre diferentes vertentes.

This article discusses current therapeutic approaches that use the body in motion, noting the historical context and highlighting the main concepts and practices. The most frequently cited psychotherapeutic suggestions in the academic literature and in professional practice are identified, particularly dance/movement therapy (with eight main approaches) and therapeutic dance practices not strictly located within the field of psychotherapy (such as biodance and groups that link contemporary dance with the principles of somatic education). These approaches are compared and contrasted to more precisely identify each approach and augment dialog between them.

O artigo apresenta e discute as atuais abordagens que se utilizam do corpo em movimento com propósito terapêutico, assinalando o contexto histórico de seu desenvolvimento e destacando seus principais conceitos e práticas. Identificamos as propostas psicoterápicas mais citadas na literatura acadêmica e no contexto de atuação profissional, em especial a dança-movimento terapia, abarcando oito principais abordagens, e as danças terapêuticas, não estritamente pertencentes ao campo psicoterápico, como a biodança e os grupos que aliam dança contemporânea aos princípios da educação somática. Sistematizamos em quadro comparativo as abordagens apresentadas, discutindo suas aproximações e seus afastamentos, de modo a contribuir para a identificação mais precisa de cada abordagem e maior diálogo entre as vertentes.

Divine service, music, sport, and recreation as medicinal in Australian asylums 1860s-1945.

Australian asylum records (circa 1860 to circa 1945) demonstrate that medical staff went to great lengths to provide recreation to suitable patients. This article examines how the demarcation of Australian institutional spaces along gender divisions was also mirrored by the gender-specific recreational activities provided in purpose-built facilities. Using Australian examples I demonstrate how the main forms of recreation-that is divine service, music and dance, and sport-were justified to governments on medical grounds. Some designated recreational spaces even offered select female and male patients the opportunity to mix under medical supervision. Recreation was therapeutic because of its psychological, physical, social, and moral benefits, and government authorities funded the construction of costly chapels, recreation halls, and sports grounds expressly for this medical purpose.

[Eurhytmy by Steiner]. / L'euritmia secondo Rudolph Steiner.

According to Rudolph Steiner the aim of medical anthroposophy must be to revalue the soul-body intercourse as a function of recovery. To this purpose, along with mineral, organic and vegetable medicinal principles, of a particular importance is eurhythmy: a series of static postures and dancing shapes which encourage the course of selfeuring innate with man.