RESUMO
Alveolar echinococcosis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis caused by the metacestode Echinococcus multilocularis, which grows as a malignant tumour-like infection in the liver of humans. Albendazole (ABZ) is the antiparasitic drug of choice for the treatment of the disease. However, its effectiveness is low, due to its poor absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract. It is also parasitostatic and in some cases produces side-effects. Therefore, an alternative to the treatment of this severe human disease is necessary. In this context, the repositioning of drugs combined with nanotechnology to improve the bioavailability of drugs emerges as a useful, fast and inexpensive tool for the treatment of neglected diseases. The in vitro and in vivo efficacy of dichlorophen (DCP), an antiparasitic agent for intestinal parasites, and silica nanoparticles modified with DCP (NP-DCP) was evaluated against E. multilocularis larval stage. Both formulations showed a time and dose-dependent in vitro effect against protoscoleces. The NP-DCP had a greater in vitro efficacy than the drug alone or ABZ. In vivo studies demonstrated that the NP-DCP (4 mg kg-1) had similar efficacy to ABZ (25 mg kg-1) and greater activity than the free DCP. Therefore, the repurposing of DCP combined with silica nanoparticles could be an alternative for the treatment of echinococcosis.
Assuntos
Antiparasitários/uso terapêutico , Diclorofeno/uso terapêutico , Reposicionamento de Medicamentos , Equinococose/tratamento farmacológico , Echinococcus multilocularis/efeitos dos fármacos , Dióxido de Silício/química , Animais , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Estágios do Ciclo de Vida/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Nanopartículas/química , NanotecnologiaRESUMO
An outbreak of dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis in a porcine farm is described. The morbidity was 100% among sows, 95% among new-borns and 75% among feedlot animals. Microsporum canis was also isolated from walls and environmental air.
Assuntos
Dermatomicoses/veterinária , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Microsporum , Doenças dos Suínos/microbiologia , Alopecia , Animais , Dermatomicoses/epidemiologia , Dermatomicoses/terapia , Diclorofeno/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Hexaclorocicloexano/uso terapêutico , Prurido , Espanha/epidemiologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ácidos Undecilênicos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Niclosamide and Dichlorophen have been tried in infection with F. buski in an endemic area of Bangladesh. Niclosamide is the commonly used agent for this condition, but was found to reduce the ova count by about 48.5% only and repeat treatment did not improve the result. Dichlorophen is advocated for tape worm, but was found to reduce the ova count by 83.3% and repeat treatment completely eradicated infection with F. buski.
Assuntos
Diclorofeno/uso terapêutico , Niclosamida/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Trematódeos/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , HumanosAssuntos
Dermatomicoses/tratamento farmacológico , Diclorofeno/uso terapêutico , Hexaclorofeno/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Undecilênicos/uso terapêutico , Aerossóis , Candidíase Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Combinação de Medicamentos , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Ácidos Undecilênicos/administração & dosagemRESUMO
A number of the older and a few recent anthelmintics are enumerated or briefly discussed. Moreover some attention is paid to anthelmintics, used for nematodes and trematodes which have a limited effect on cestodes.
