Anticancer and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Diosmin against Dalton Ascitic Lymphoma Induced Leukemia.

Cancer is the world's biggest health problem and cancer-induced mortality happened all over the planet after the heart disease. The present study was to scrutinize the anti-leukemia effect of diosmin against Dalton Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL) induced leukemia in mice. DAL cell was used for induction the solid tumor. Body weight, life spans, tumor volume and mean survival time was estimated. Antioxidant, biochemical and pro-inflammatory cytokines were estimated. Diosmin showed the cell viability effect at dose dependent manner against the both cell lines. DAL induced solid tumor mice showed the decreased body weight, mean survival days, non viable cell count and increased the tumor volume, viable cell count and diosmin significantly (p < 0.001) reverse the effect of DAL. Diosmin significantly (p < 0.001) altered the hematological, differential leukocytes, antioxidant, biochemical, pro-inflammatory cytokines at dose dependently. Collectively, we can say that diosmin might alter the DAL induced abnormality via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Taxifolin, Diosmin, and Quercetin from Abies nephrolepis (Trautv.) Maxim: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Characteristics.

Extraction behaviors of the 3 flavonoids taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin have been investigated in Abies nephrolepis leaves and bark. The following operation parameters-ethanol volume fraction, liquid-solid ratio, temperature, ultrasound irradiation power and time, and ultrasound frequency-were varied to study their effect on the yield of the 3 flavonoids during extraction. The results showed that a low extraction efficiency occurred at 293.15 K due to slow kinetics, while the situation was significantly improved at 333.15 K. The kinetic data for the extraction yields of the 3 flavonoids achieved good fits by the first-order kinetic model. From the thermodynamic analysis results, we realized that the ultrasound-assisted extraction of taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin from the leaves and bark of A. nephrolepis was a spontaneous and endothermic process in which the disorder increased (ΔG0 < 0, ΔH0 > 0, and ΔS0 > 0). According to the response surface methodology (RSM) analysis, under the optimal operation conditions (ethanol concentration of 50%, liquid-solid ratio of 20 mL/g, frequency of 45 kHz, extraction time of 39.25 min, ultrasound irradiation power of 160 W and temperature of 332.19 K), the total yield of the 3 flavonoids were 100.93 ± 4.01 mg/g from the leaves of A. nephrolepis (with 31.03 ± 1.51 mg/g, 0.31 ± 0.01 mg/g, 69.59 ± 2.57 mg/g for taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin, respectively), and under the optimal operation conditions (ethanol concentration of 50%, liquid-solid ratio of 20 mL/g, frequency of 45 kHz, extraction time of 36.80 min, ultrasound irradiation power of 150 W and temperature of 328.78 K), 16.05 mg/g ± 0.38 mg/g were obtained from the bark of A. nephrolepis (with 1.44 ± 0.05 mg/g, 0.47 ± 0.01 mg/g, 14.14 ± 0.38 mg/g for taxifolin, diosmin, and quercetin, respectively), which were close to the prediction values.

Use of multiresponse statistical techniques to optimize the separation of diosmin, hesperidin, diosmetin and hesperitin in different pharmaceutical preparations by high performance liquid chromatography with UV-DAD.

A new method for the separation and determination of four flavonoids: hesperidin (HES), diosmin (DIO), hesperitin (HTIN), and diosmetin (DTIN) in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations has been developed by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-DAD detection. Multivariate statistics (2k full factorial and Box Behnken Designs) has been used for the multiresponse optimization of the chromatographic separation, which was completed in 22min, and carried out on a symmetry® C18 column (250×3mm; 5µm) as stationary phase. Separation was conducted by gradient elution mode using a mixture of methanol, acetonitrile and water pH: 2.5 (CH3COOH), as mobile phase. Analytes were separated setting the column at 22°C, with a flow rate of 0.58mLmin-1 and detected at 285nm. Under the optimized conditions, the flavonoids showed retention times of: 8.62, 11.53, 18.55 and 19.94min for HES, DIO, HTIN and DTIN, respectively. Limits of detection and quantification were <0.0156µgmL-1 and <0.100µgmL-1, respectively. Linearity was achieved with good correlation coefficients values (r2=0.999; n=5). Intra-day and inter-day precision were found to be less than 3.44% (n=7). Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to determine the target flavonoids in pharmaceutical preparations with satisfactory recoveries (between 95.2% and 107.9%), demonstrating that should also find application in the quality control, as well as in the pharmacokinetic studies of these drugs.

Diosmin--isolation techniques, determination in plant material and pharmaceutical formulations, and clinical use.

Diosmin is a naturally occurring flavone glycoside used in the treatment of venous diseases. In this review, we present the clinical aspects of the use of diosmin preparations in venous stasis, hemorrheologic disorders and vein wall remodeling. Because of its multiple applications in biology and its many therapeutic activities, research on isolation and identification of diosmin is of high relevance. The aim of this review is to present an overview of techniques of isolation and separation of diosmin in plant material, pharmaceutical formulations such as Daflon, Diosed and Dioven tablets, and biological fluids.

[Study on chemical constituents of Hyssopus cuspidatus].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Hyssopus cuspidatus. METHODS: Compounds were isolated and purified by extraction and different kinds of column chromatography. Their structures were determined on the basis of the physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. RESULTS: Six compounds were identified as caffeic acid methyl ester (1), luteolin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronide (3), diosmin (4), acacetin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5) and rosmarinic acid (6). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1, 4 and 6 are isolated from this plant for the first time, and compounds 2, 3 and 5 are firstly obtained from Hyssopus genus.