El nacimiento de la higiene dental y los dientes de Waterloo / No disponible

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The history and global market of oral home-care products.

This literature review reports the history and the current market of oral home-care products. It provides information extending from the products used by our ancestors to those currently available, as well as on the changes in the supply and consumption of these products. Although the scientific knowledge about oral diseases has improved greatly in recent years, our ancestors had already been concerned with cleaning their teeth. A variety of rudimentary products and devices were used since before recorded history, like chewing sticks, tree twigs, bird feathers, animal bones, tooth powder and home-made mouth rinses. Today, due to technological improvements of the cosmetic industry and market competition, home-use oral care products available in the marketplace offer a great variety of options. An increase in the consumption of oral care products has been observed in the last decades. Estimates show that Latin America observed a 12% increase in hygiene and beauty products sales between 2002 and 2003, whereas the observed global rate was approximately 2%. A significant increase in the per capita consumption of toothpaste, toothbrush, mouthrinse and dental floss has been estimated from 1992 to 2002, respectively at rates of 38.3%, 138.3%, 618.8% and 177.2%. Pertaining to this increased supply and consumption of oral care products, some related questions remain unanswered, like the occurrence of changes in disease behavior due to the use of new compounds, their actual efficacy and correct indications, and the extent of the benefits to oral health derived from consuming more products.

The history and global market of oral home-care products: [review]

This literature review reports the history and the current market of oral home-care products. It provides information extending from the products used by our ancestors to those currently available, as well as on the changes in the supply and consumption of these products. Although the scientific knowledge about oral diseases has improved greatly in recent years, our ancestors had already been concerned with cleaning their teeth. A variety of rudimentary products and devices were used since before recorded history, like chewing sticks, tree twigs, bird feathers, animal bones, tooth powder and home-made mouth rinses. Today, due to technological improvements of the cosmetic industry and market competition, home-use oral care products available in the marketplace offer a great variety of options. An increase in the consumption of oral care products has been observed in the last decades. Estimates show that Latin America observed a 12 percent increase in hygiene and beauty products sales between 2002 and 2003, whereas the observed global rate was approximately 2 percent. A significant increase in the per capita consumption of toothpaste, toothbrush, mouthrinse and dental floss has been estimated from 1992 to 2002, respectively at rates of 38.3 percent, 138.3 percent, 618.8 percent and 177.2 percent. Pertaining to this increased supply and consumption of oral care products, some related questions remain unanswered, like the occurrence of changes in disease behavior due to the use of new compounds, their actual efficacy and correct indications, and the extent of the benefits to oral health derived from consuming more products.

A historical glimpse of toothpick use: etiquette, oral and medical conditions.

This article traces various historical and geographical aspects of multicultural toothpick use, dating back from prehistoric times to the present. This behavior appears to be one of the oldest and best documented of all human habits. Toothpicks (composed of bone, ivory, metal, plastic, quills, wood or other substances) have been used for ceremonial, oral hygiene and religious purposes. Throughout the ages, the act of toothpicking has been both encouraged and discouraged. In the 19-20th centuries, it was generally viewed as a disgusting breach of social etiquette and a significant threat to oral and general health. Authors of numerous dental articles have cautioned that indiscriminate toothpick use can lead to halitosis, dental caries, injury to the interdental papilla, mouth ulcers, allergic reactions, embedment of the device in the back of the mouth or throat, gingival abscesses, sensitive teeth, or abraded enamel, dentin or cementum of both permanent and primary dentitions. Additionally, both the dental and medical literature report anecdotal cases of life-threatening injuries and death caused by toothpick ingestion.

Escovas dentais / Toothbrushes

Neste trabalho, os autores realizam uma mirada histórica da trajetória dos cuidados com a higiene bucal e a evolução das escovas dentais através dos tempos. Das empíricas técnicas para limpar os dentes com aparatos primitivos aos diversificados modelos de escovas de nossos dias, um formidável avanço científico, tecnológico e cultural teve como pano de fundo o desenrolar da história da humanidade

Análise das características das escovas dentais encontradas no comércio brasileiro / Analyse of the characteristics of comercialized Brazilian toothbrushes

Foi realizado um estudo para analisar as pontas de cerdas de vinte escovas dentais comercializadas no mercado do Rio de Janeiro, através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura, antes e após o uso de um simulador elétrico de escovaçäo dentária, com dentes bovinos, com os seguintes objetivos: 1) classificar as pontas de cerdas em "Padröes arredondados aceitáveis e näo aceitáveis", de acordo com a classificaçäo proposta por SILVERSTONE & FEATHERSTONE (1988); 2) Testar as escovas dentais com pontas de cerdas "arredondadas aceitáveis", na máquina de simulaçäo de escovaçäo "in vitro", observando se permanecem com as mesmas características; 3) Estimular o tempo de utilizaçäo das escovas dentais, dentro do qual elas exibem padräo adequado para remoçäo da placa bacteriana; 4) Observar se a classificaçäo das pontas de cerdas obtida neste estudo, está de acordo com as informaçöes do fabricante; 5) Formular, baseado na literatura, uma classificaçäo para cerdas de escovas dentais, 6) Relacionar os achados deste estudo com a literatura disponível e, orientar os profissionais, na recomendaçäo de escovas dentais ao paciente. Após obtençäo das imagens marcas - modelos das escovas estavam codificadas, foram convidados dois profissionais com nível de mestrado, para em conjunto com a autora, proceder à análise das características das cerdas. Fez-se a análise a partir do consenso dos três examinadores. Encontrou-se os seguintes resultados: 1) 75 por cento das escovas testadas apresentaram pontas descaracterizadas do que o especificado pelo fabricante. 2) Somente cinco escovas dentais, isto é, 25 por cento das escovas testadas apresentaram as pontas ativas das cerdas "Arredondadas aceitáveis" pela classificaçäo de SILVESTONE & FEATHERSTONE (1988), Kolynos Doctor© Infantil, Tek© Júnior, Aquafresh© Flex, Kolynos Master© e Tek©Macia suave. Após o uso dessas cinco escovas na máquina de escovaçäo, simulando três meses de uso clínico, chegou-se as seguintes conclusöes: 1) Somente a escova dental Kolynos Doctor© Infantil continuou "arredondadas aceitáveis" pela classificaçäo de SILVERSTONE & FEATHERSTONE (1988), porém inaceitável quanto ao acabamento e abundância de resíduos grosseiros. 2) Três meses de uso clínico para as escovas de cerdas de náilon "arrendondadas aceitáveis" seria o limite de uso útil e deveriam ser substituídas por escovas novas após este período. Quanto à presença de microorganismos os resultados foram os seguintes: 1) A escova Sanilfill© nova, ou seja,...

The history of oral hygiene products: how far have we come in 6000 years?

How far have we come in the past six millennia? Numerous dental epidemiological studies indicate that people are keeping their teeth longer than over before in this century. Agents and devices have evolved, by custom and by research, to enable people, with professional assistance, to maintain good oral health. Our diets, our lifestyles and our professional colleagues have "conspired" as pathogenic influences on oral health. The profession has met the challenge by developing and perfecting a myriad of devices and agents to thwart these pathogenic factors. Patient motivation and professional acceptance of preventive dentistry procedures still remain challenges. We certainly eat well, speak well, look fine and "smell fresh"--but we also have plaque, gingivitis and dental caries. The reader can determine how much progress has been made by reflecting on his or her personal oral health status!