RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Concha bullosa is a rather common condition of the nasal turbinates, rarely reported in archaeological skeletal collections. This paper examines a case of concha bullosa as seen in a female cranium from a burial in central Italy, dated to the Longobard domination in the Peninsula (mid-7th- early 8th century CE). MATERIALS: The individual under investigation (T86/17) comes from the funerary area of Selvicciola, located near the town of Viterbo in northern Latium, Italy. METHODS: The skeleton was macroscopically examined. We analyzed the CT-scans of the defect by applying innovative R-based virtual tools. RESULTS: It was possible to calculate the inner volume of the concha bullosa and to provide a 3D visual assessment of its shape. CONCLUSIONS: Its size and shape suggest that the individual had this condition for a considerable period of time, during which its presence may have had affected her daily activities and health status. SIGNIFICANCE: An under-represented paleopathological defect is examined for the first time through a virtual approach aimed at visualizing its shape and the assessment of its volume. New methods of 3D based virtual assessment can increase the informative value of defects. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH: Techniques used in this assessment should be considered as an evaluative tool for other conditions when macroscopic and radiographic imaging are limited.
Assuntos
Doenças Nasais , Conchas Nasais , Sepultamento/história , Feminino , História Medieval , Humanos , Itália , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Septo Nasal/diagnóstico por imagem , Septo Nasal/patologia , Doenças Nasais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Nasais/história , Doenças Nasais/patologia , Paleopatologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Conchas Nasais/diagnóstico por imagem , Conchas Nasais/patologiaRESUMO
Nasal therapy, extensively documented in the ancient Uighur medical literature, is one of the external therapies of Uighur medicine. Based on the relevant records of 14 Uighur medical works, the application, classification, clinical features, and medications characteristics of nasal therapy were preliminarily sorted out. The results show that the nasal therapy can be divided into 7 categories, covering more than 200 kinds of common medicinal herbs, 8 kinds of processing methods and 10 kinds of preparations. Clinically, there is a large number of nasal therapy prescriptions, with flexible administration of prescriptions and medications, significant features of comprehensive therapy, with significance of application for further development.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/história , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/história , Doenças Nasais/história , Fitoterapia/história , Plantas Medicinais , China , História Antiga , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/terapiaRESUMO
In modern populations, there is evidence that nasal septal deviation (NSD) may be associated with maxillary sinusitis, and that those with NSD may differ in craniofacial morphology from those without or with less severe NSD. Whether these associations hold true for earlier populations has yet to be investigated. The current work is a step toward remedying this. The study group comes from a mediaeval English archaeological site. NSD was quantified using image analysis. Maxillary sinusitis was identified from new bone formation in the antrum. Cranial morphology was assessed using standard craniometric measurements. The results provided no evidence for a relationship between NSD and maxillary sinus disease. NSD was associated with reduced measures of upper facial height, suggesting decoupling of growth in vertical height of the nasal septum and the bony structures surrounding it.
Assuntos
Maxila/patologia , Osso Nasal/patologia , Septo Nasal/patologia , Doenças Nasais/história , Doenças Nasais/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Antropometria , Cemitérios , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Feminino , História Medieval , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Sinusite Maxilar , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Nasais/epidemiologia , Análise de Componente Principal , Crânio/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
The manuscripts of eminent Byzantine physicians from the 4th to the 14th century contain extensive information on various otorhinolaryngological issues. In their work, the early knowledge of rhinological disease from definition and symptoms to conservative treatment and surgical intervention is intriguing. Most of this meticulous knowledge was developed through time, beginning mainly from Hippocrates and the Hellenistic period. Thereafter, medicine developed through Roman and Byzantium times to finally influence European medicine and later the rest of the Western world. History of medicine reflects the history of mankind itself, and otorhinolaryngology follows closely this path. Our goal is to slim down and illuminate the most challenging of the vast amount of information on rhinological issues contained in the original Greek text of Hippocrates, and mainly in the hagiographical texts of Byzantine medical writers. In particular, we focus on rhinological diseases from antiquity till the time being, following the journey of evolution of topical and nebulizer therapy for sinonasal inflammatory diseases in Greece, from "milothris" to modern nasal sprays, leading to an understanding of the philosophy of our predecessors and the roots of modern rhinology.
Assuntos
Otolaringologia/história , Bizâncio , Grécia , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , História Antiga , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/históriaAssuntos
Epistaxe/história , Formulários Farmacêuticos como Assunto/história , Medicina Herbária/história , Farmacopeias como Assunto/história , Epistaxe/terapia , História Medieval , Humanos , Oriente Médio , Doenças Nasais/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Nasais/história , Fitoterapia , Obras Médicas de ReferênciaAssuntos
Otorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/fisiopatologia , Rinorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/fisiopatologia , Doenças Nasais , Terminologia como Assunto , Otorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/história , Rinorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/história , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/históriaAssuntos
Endoscopia/história , Doenças Nasais/história , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Otorrinolaringológicos/história , Endoscópios , Endoscopia/métodos , História do Século XX , Humanos , Nariz/cirurgia , Doenças Nasais/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Otorrinolaringológicos/instrumentação , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Otorrinolaringológicos/métodosRESUMO
Although nasal turbinates had already been described by Hippocrates, it was not until the 15th century that they were depicted. The inferior turbinate was shown for the first time rather true-to nature in the works of the Middle Rhenic Master circa 1450-1460 and Leonardo da Vinci in 1489. The posterior ends of the middle turbinates were depicted on a woodcut by Georg Thomas for Dryander's "Anatomiae ... pars prior" in 1536. These and a few other examples show that some artists were ahead of the medical profession in demonstrating anatomical details in the 15th and 16th century.
Assuntos
Ilustração Médica/história , Medicina nas Artes , Doenças Nasais/história , Conchas Nasais , História do Século XV , HumanosRESUMO
On the 50th anniversary of the introduction of the electro-rhino-spirometry by Miodonski the author recalls its theoretical foundations and diagnostic possibilities. Moreover, it has been stressed that Miodonski's method was the first one which does not disturb the nasal function, and the development of electronics supported and widened its diagnostic possibilities leaving the theoretical basis for examination unchanged.
Assuntos
Eletrodiagnóstico/história , Doenças Nasais/história , Espirometria/história , História do Século XX , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/diagnóstico , PolôniaRESUMO
Enumeration of individual methods of rhinoplasty for total reconstruction of the nose does not lay claim to completeness. It is the sole purpose of this review to show that the development of rhinoplasty received its definitive origins about 600 BC ("Indian" method) and in the 15th century AD ("Italian" method). As a result of the need to reconstruct the external nose after its destruction from infectious diseases, injuries or tumors, various methods of rhinoplasty have evolved. As such, the history of reconstructive rhinoplasty is almost identical with that of plastic surgery. Since their introduction, adjacent flaps (Indian method) and distant flaps (Italian method) are still in use at the present time. Although India should be considered the cradle of rhinoplasty, further refinements must be credited to Italian surgeons who undoubtedly knew about the Indian method for rebuilding the nose.
Assuntos
Doenças Nasais/história , Rinoplastia/história , História do Século XV , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , História Antiga , Humanos , Índia , Itália , Doenças Nasais/cirurgiaAssuntos
Eosinofilia/história , Doenças Nasais/história , Rinite/história , Anafilaxia/etiologia , Aspirina/efeitos adversos , Asma/etiologia , Dessensibilização Imunológica , Toxidermias/etiologia , Toxidermias/terapia , Eosinofilia/diagnóstico , História do Século XX , Humanos , Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Mucosa Nasal/patologia , Doenças Nasais/diagnóstico , Rinite/diagnósticoAssuntos
Cromo/efeitos adversos , Doenças Nasais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Exposição Ocupacional , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/epidemiologia , Doenças Nasais/história , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/história , Reino Unido/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaAssuntos
Doenças Nasais/história , Paleopatologia , Cerâmica , História Antiga , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/etiologia , Doenças Nasais/patologia , PeruRESUMO
The nasolabial cyst is a rare lesion. Eight cases seen at the Birmingham and Midland ENT Hospital over 10 years were studied. Little diagnostic difficulty was encountered and all were successfully treated by surgical excision. A brief review of the literature is included.