RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to quantify the association of late lower cranial neuropathy (late LCNP) with swallowing-related quality of life (QOL) and functional status among long-term oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivors. METHODS: Eight hundred eighty-nine OPC survivors (median survival time: 7 years) who received primary treatment at a single institution between January 2000 and December 2013 completed a cross-sectional survey (56% response rate) that included the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) and self-report of functional status. Late LCNP events ≥3 months after cancer therapy were abstracted from medical records. Multivariate models regressed MDADI scores on late LCNP status adjusting for clinical covariates. RESULTS: Overall, 4.0% (n = 36) of respondents developed late LCNP with median time to onset of 5.25 years post-treatment. LCNP cases reported significantly worse mean composite MDADI (LCNP: 68.0 vs no LCNP: 80.2; P < .001). Late LCNP independently associated with worse mean composite MDADI (ß = -6.7, P = .02; 95% confidence interval [CI], -12.0 to -1.3) as well as all MDADI domains after multivariate adjustment. LCNP cases were more likely to have a feeding tube at time of survey (odds ratio [OR] = 20.5; 95% CI, 8.6-48.9), history of aspiration pneumonia (OR = 23.5; 95% CI, 9.6-57.6), and tracheostomy (OR = 26.9; 95% CI, 6.0-121.7). CONCLUSIONS: In this large survey study, OPC survivors with late LCNP reported significantly poorer swallowing-related QOL and had significantly higher likelihood of poor functional status. Further efforts are necessary to optimize swallowing outcomes to improve QOL in this subgroup of survivors.
Assuntos
Sobreviventes de Câncer/psicologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Deglutição/psicologia , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/complicações , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/psicologia , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Multiple sclerosis can give rise to signs and symptoms from the entire nervous system, including visual impairments. Visual impairments often go unreported because they are not obvious to patients, which means that doctors must ask about them specifically. Regular monitoring of vision is important, however, to provide personalised rehabilitation and assistive technologies, and thereby improve patients' functioning and quality of life.
Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla/complicações , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/etiologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/psicologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/terapia , Humanos , Esclerose Múltipla/tratamento farmacológico , Esclerose Múltipla/psicologia , Nistagmo Patológico/diagnóstico , Nistagmo Patológico/etiologia , Nistagmo Patológico/psicologia , Nistagmo Patológico/terapia , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/etiologia , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/psicologia , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/terapia , Neurite Óptica/diagnóstico , Neurite Óptica/etiologia , Neurite Óptica/psicologia , Neurite Óptica/terapia , Qualidade de Vida , Transtornos da Visão/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Visão/psicologia , Transtornos da Visão/terapiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate speech perception skills in children with auditory neuropathy (AN)/auditory dyssynchrony (AD)-type hearing loss managed with either hearing aids or cochlear implants. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective data collection in 3 subject groups: AN/AD children fitted with bilateral amplification, AN/AD children fitted with cochlear implant (in 1 or both ears), and a matched control group of implanted children with sensorineural hearing loss. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Open-set monosyllabic words (consonant-nucleus-consonant). RESULTS: Of the 10 implanted AN/AD children, 9 demonstrated significant speech discrimination (consonant-nucleus-consonant phoneme score > or =55%). Similar results were obtained for the aided AN/AD group. Findings for both AN/AD subject groups were poorer than those of the implanted sensorineural cohort. CONCLUSION: Cochlear implantation can offer useful hearing in subjects with AN/AD-type hearing loss. However, expectations for this group may need to be lower than for patients with peripheral (cochlear) loss.
Assuntos
Implantes Cocleares , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/psicologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/terapia , Auxiliares de Audição , Percepção da Fala/fisiologia , Doenças do Nervo Vestibulococlear/psicologia , Doenças do Nervo Vestibulococlear/terapia , Estimulação Acústica , Limiar Auditivo/fisiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fala/fisiologia , Testes de Articulação da FalaRESUMO
Previous studies have demonstrated that adult rats with excitotoxic lesions of the hippocampus display deficits in memory-related behaviors similar to the memory deficits associated with schizophrenia. In this study, we assessed the sub-chronic effects of quetiapine, risperidone and haloperidol on performance deficits after intracerebroventricular administration of the excitotoxin, kainic acid, using paradigms for contextual and cued fear conditioning and spatial reversal learning in rats. The effects of three doses of quetiapine (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) and single doses of risperidone (0.5 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.15 mg/kg) were compared. Quetiapine administration at the lowest dose (5 mg/kg) reversed deficits in contextual and cued fear conditioning, but not deficits in spatial reversal learning, in kainic acid-treated animals. However, the two higher doses of quetiapine, and the single doses of risperidone and haloperidol, did not reverse any of the kainic acid-induced behavioral deficits. These results may be relevant to the effects of quetiapine and other antipsychotic drugs on memory deficits in patients with schizophrenia.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/farmacologia , Condicionamento Operante/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/psicologia , Sinais (Psicologia) , Dibenzotiazepinas/farmacologia , Medo/psicologia , Hipocampo , Neurotoxinas/toxicidade , Animais , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/induzido quimicamente , Dibenzotiazepinas/administração & dosagem , Eletrochoque , Agonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/administração & dosagem , Agonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/toxicidade , Hipocampo/patologia , Injeções Intraventriculares , Ácido Caínico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Caínico/toxicidade , Masculino , Transtornos da Memória/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos da Memória/prevenção & controle , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Fumarato de Quetiapina , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Reversão de Aprendizagem/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Psiquiatria/história , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/fisiopatologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/psicologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/psicologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/fisiopatologia , Sintomas Psíquicos , Neuropsicologia/métodos , Neuropsicologia/organização & administração , Sistema Nervoso , Sistema Nervoso/fisiopatologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiopatologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/tratamento farmacológico , Sistema Nervoso CentralRESUMO
Moebius syndrome is a congenital bilateral palsy of the sixth and seventh cranial nerves. It results a total absence of facial expression and a severe strabismus. Social life is greatly disturbed. Other anomalies may be associated, especially other cranial palsies and Poland syndrome. The etiology of this syndrome isn't clearly established. Stem necrosis secondary to a vascular deficiency is often admitted. We report two observations. We emphasize the importance of a complete maxillo-facial treatment including maxillo-mandibular anomaly. Both patient underwent orthognathic surgery. The first one for class II and the second for class III anomaly. One patient underwent a facial reanimation by temporal muscle transfer. Orthognathic surgery must be realized prior to facial reanimation. A correction of the strabismus is possible. Moebius syndrome is a rare (200 observations) but very severe malformation. Maxillofacial surgery is able to improve the morphological and relational aspect of Moebius syndrome.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/congênito , Paralisia Facial/congênito , Oftalmoplegia/congênito , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/psicologia , Doenças dos Nervos Cranianos/cirurgia , Expressão Facial , Paralisia Facial/psicologia , Paralisia Facial/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/cirurgia , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/cirurgia , Oftalmoplegia/psicologia , Oftalmoplegia/cirurgia , Osteotomia/métodos , Osteotomia de Le Fort , Paralisia/congênito , Paralisia/cirurgia , Síndrome de Poland/patologia , Estrabismo/congênito , Estrabismo/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Síndrome , Músculo Temporal/transplanteRESUMO
In a prospective clinical investigation of 20 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), neurological complications, not attributable to other diseases were detected in 14 patients (= 70%). Dysfunction of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) was nearly twice as frequent as central nervous system (CNS) complications. PNS involvement was dominated by symmetric sensory neuropathies, carpal tunnel syndromes, cranial nerve palsies (above all trigeminal sensory neuropathy) and pupillary dysfunction. CNS impairment was represented by cortical atrophy (n = 4), hemiparesis (n = 1) and aseptic meningitis (n = 1). Though CNS complications were rare, psychometric testing revealed diminished cognitive capacity in 14 patients. In addition to the characteristic sicca syndrome patients suffered from musculoskeletal pain and recurring abnormal sensation which frequently lead to the misdiagnosis of functional disorders. Additionally the frequent occurrence of psychiatric symptoms such as nervosity and depression support the impression of a psychosomatic pattern with no organic basis.