Trastorno de estrés postraumático y trabajo. Criterios de valoración en incapacidad y discapacidad / Posttraumatic stress disorder and work. Incapacity and disability criteria

El trastorno por estrés postraumático se clasifica dentro de los trastornos de ansiedad, definido por síntomas específicos tras la exposición a un acontecimiento estresante, extremadamente traumático, que involucra un daño para el afectado. Sus criterios diagnósticos vienen clasificados por la CIE 10 y por el DSM-IV, siendo criterios de consenso. La principal dificultad para su valoración radica en la condición de determinación objetiva del trastorno. Para su valoración se utilizarán criterios generales de trastornos mentales basados en: entrevista psiquiátrica con apoyo de pruebas complementarias y uso de escalas, las terapias utilizadas y respuesta a las mismas, así como sus posibles efectos -positivos o adversos- sobre la actividad laboral. Aspecto a destacar es el despistaje de potenciales simuladores, sobresimuladores o con imputaciones falsas por su trascendencia médico-legal. En la valoración de discapacidad se seguirán las pautas marcadas para enfermedad mental, asignando el grado con aplicación de criterios generales y específicos (AU)

Posttraumatic stress disorder is classified as an anxiety disorder in the ICD-10 and DSM-IV by consensus diagnostic criteria; its characteristic symptoms follow exposure to an extremely violent traumatic event and can cause clinical impairment in significant areas of functioning. The main difficulty for its evaluation lies in the requirement of objective determination of the disorder. General criteria for mental disorders based on the psychiatric interview with support of complementary tests and use of scales, on used and in response to these therapies, as well as their potential effects -positive or adverse- at work will be used for the assessment of labour disability. Highlight is the importance of the screening of potential malingering, such as simulators, excessive simulators or false accusations by its medicolegal significance. In the assessment of disability will be followed the guidelines set for mental illness, by assigning a degree through the application of General and Specific criteria (AU)

The effect of education on the occupational status of deaf and hard of hearing 26-to-64-year-olds.

In the last quarter of the 20th century, federal legislation sought to eliminate disability-based discrimination by requiring reasonable accommodations in school and the workplace. One result of this legislation has been increased access to U.S. colleges and universities by deaf and hard of hearing persons. The present article reviews the literature on employment of persons who are deaf or hard of hearing and reports results of a recent analysis that used the 2010 American Community Survey (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010a). It was found that significant gains in college attendance and graduation occurred during the period, with individuals who attained a college degree realizing increased employment and earnings relative to individuals who had not graduated. It was also found that college graduation helps reduce the gap between the earnings of deaf persons with a college degree and those of comparably educated hearing persons.

One size does not fit all: individualized instruction in a standardized educational system.

This essay is based on a keynote address, "A Tour of the Horizons," presented to the 2012 annual conference of the Association of College Educators/Deaf and Hard of Hearing (ACE/DHH), held in Atlantic Beach, Florida.