Assuntos
Sinusite Etmoidal/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalite Infecciosa/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Sinusite Maxilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Mucormicose/diagnóstico por imagem , Rinite/microbiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Idoso , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Estado Terminal , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Sinusite Etmoidal/tratamento farmacológico , Sinusite Etmoidal/cirurgia , Lobo Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Encefalite Infecciosa/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalite Infecciosa/cirurgia , Masculino , Sinusite Maxilar/tratamento farmacológico , Sinusite Maxilar/cirurgia , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagem , Rinite/tratamento farmacológico , Rinite/cirurgiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a rare, rapidly progressive and potentially lethal disease almost exclusively affecting immunocompromised hosts or patients with metabolic disorders, such as poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This work is aimed to describe five cases of rhinocerebral mucormycosis to review and possibly define diagnostic and surgical treatment guidelines. In all the patients, surgical debridement, systemic and local antifungal therapy, and oral rehabilitation using filling prostheses were performed. RESULTS: None of the patients revealed recurrence of the infection, as confirmed by radiological and clinical long term follow up. CONCLUSION: Given the lethal nature of the disease, the authors underline the importance of early diagnosis and of a multidisciplinary approach in order to undertake correct surgical and medical treatments, while keeping the underlying disease under control.
Assuntos
Abscesso Encefálico/diagnóstico , Abscesso Encefálico/cirurgia , Mucormicose/diagnóstico , Mucormicose/cirurgia , Rinite/diagnóstico , Rinite/cirurgia , Adulto , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Abscesso Encefálico/tratamento farmacológico , Abscesso Encefálico/patologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Encefalite Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Encefalite Infecciosa/tratamento farmacológico , Encefalite Infecciosa/patologia , Encefalite Infecciosa/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucormicose/tratamento farmacológico , Mucormicose/patologia , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios , Rinite/tratamento farmacológico , Rinite/patologiaRESUMO
Heterotrophic ossification has been defined as abnormal formation of mature lamellar bone in soft tissues. Neurogenic heterotopic ossification has been well described in adults. However, it is uncommon in the pediatric population, where it has been noted to recede in some cases. There are very few reports of postmeningitis bilateral involvement of the hip. We describe a case of bilateral heterotopic ossification of hip in a 13-year-old female. The patient had a history of encephalitis, prolonged vegetative state, and intubation for 6 weeks. The patient had fixed deformities of both hips in 30° of flexion and 30° of external rotation. A diagnosis of Brooker stage 4 heterotopic ossification was made. The patient underwent a staged procedure for excision of the heterotopic mass. Postoperatively, the patient was administered radiotherapy and indomethacin for 6 weeks. At the 2-year follow-up, there was no recurrence and both the hips were mobile with full range of motion. The patient was satisfied with the result. The incidence of heterotopic ossification is less than that observed in the adult population and alkaline phosphatase levels are not significantly elevated unlike in adults. To our knowledge, there is no reported case of postencephalitic bilateral anterior heterotopic ossification of the hip in a pediatric patient treated with excision successfully. Postencephalitic heterotopic ossification in children is an uncommon condition. This condition can be treated successfully with surgical excision, combined postoperative protocol of radiotherapy, indomethacin, and immediate postoperative mobilization of the joint.