Gerontological educational interventions for student nurses: a systematic review of qualitative findings.

OBJECTIVES: This systematic review of qualitative studies explored interventions to improve student nurses' knowledge, attitudes or willingness to work with older people. Student nurses are likely to encounter older people in all health and aged care settings, however, research demonstrates that few have career aspirations in gerontological nursing. METHODS: Qualitative systematic review method based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. RESULTS: Search of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, EBSCOhost and Scopus yielded 1841 articles which were screened to include primary research about educational interventions to improve student nurses' knowledge, attitudes and/or willingness to work with older people. Data extraction was performed on the 14 included studies, and data were analysed using directed content analysis. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used the assess the quality of the studies. CONCLUSIONS: Educational interventions included theory or practice courses, or a combination of theory and practice. While most interventions changed nursing students' negative attitudes towards older people, few increased their willingness to work with them. Practice courses had the most significant impact on willingness to work with older people. Quality assessment revealed methodical limitations. More research is needed to better understand the elements of practice interventions that enhance student nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to work with older people, so that they can be replicated.

Understanding the experiences of PHC nurses in caring for older patients in the post-fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: an exploratory qualitative study.

Objective: To ensure the best possible care, the perspective of PHC nurse work experience during the COVID-19 pandemic should be considered when developing nursing care protocols for older patients who receive PHC services. Method: This exploratory qualitative study was conducted with 18 nurses working continuously in PHC between the first and fifth waves of the pandemic. Semi-structured thematic interviews were undertaken. Qualitative thematic content analysis was conducted to identify and group the themes that emerged from the discourse. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The first topic describes the nurses' experiences of physical and mental suffering in caring for older patients in response to the pandemic. The second topic covers the experience of reorganizing PHC work. The third topic focuses on the difficulties of caring for older patients. The final topic includes issues of support needs for nurses in PHC work. Conclusion: The experience and understanding of PHC nurses in caring for older people during the COVID pandemic should lead to significant changes in the system of nursing care for geriatric patients and in the cooperative role within geriatric care specialist teams. Drawing on the experience of COVID-19, it is necessary to work on the weak points of PHC exposed by the pandemic in order to improve the quality of care and life for geriatric patients.

Burnout and Life Satisfaction among Healthcare Workers Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic (Silesia, Poland).

Background: The phenomenon of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic is a widespread problem with several negative consequences for the healthcare system. The many stressors of the pandemic have led to an increased development of anxiety and depressive disorders in many healthcare workers. In addition, some manifested symptoms of the so-called postpandemic stress syndrome and the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome, commonly referred to as "COVID-19 burnout." The aim of this study was to assess the burnout and life satisfaction of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2020-2022 among medical staff working in hospitals in Silesia, Poland. The instruments used to assess life satisfaction and burnout were the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DEP), and sense of reduced professional accomplishment (SRPA). Results: The study group included 900 participants. There were 300 physicians (mean age 38 ± 7 years), 300 nurses (mean age 35 ± 6 years), and 300 paramedics (mean age 31 ± 5 years). Life satisfaction as measured by the SWLS was lowest among nurses and paramedics in 2021 and among doctors in 2022. Male respondents and those with fewer years of work had higher levels of life satisfaction. People with more years of work had higher scores in EE and DEP and lower scores in SRPA (p = 0.001). We found a negative correlation between life satisfaction and EE (p = 0.001), DEP (p = 0.001), and SRPA (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The results highlight the need for further research into the causes of burnout among medical professionals and the need for effective interventions to promote well-being and prevent burnout in this group.

Nurses and the disabled child's perspective in the anaesthesia procedure preparation process using a picture schedule.

PURPOSE: This study's purpose was to investigate how nurses, using a picture schedule, enable or hinder the realization of disabled children's agency in the preparation for an MRI procedure carried out under general anaesthesia. METHODS: A qualitative observation study was used to explore the interaction of nurses and children. The data consisted of video recordings of 25 preparation situations of 3 (3-8 years old) children (with challenges in communication and/or cognitive skills) with 4 nurses. Verbal and nonverbal communication was analysed with interventionist applied conversation analysis. RESULTS: What was most crucial was how the picture schedule was used during the interaction. Reciprocal information sharing, responding to the child's initiatives by negotiating and allowing the child to take physical action with the picture schedule enabled the realization of the child's agency. CONCLUSIONS: The preparation process should aim to help the child prepare in his/her own way. The preparation tools should encourage reciprocal interaction in informing and in responding to the children's initiatives. The preparation practices should include enough time for the child's initiatives and physical participation. The results can be used in assessing preparation tools and how they are used from the perspective of the child's agency.

Experiences of Electronic Health Records' and Client Information Systems' Use on a Mobile Device and Factors Associated With Work Time Savings Among Practical Nurses: Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: The transmission of clinical information in nursing predominantly occurs through digital solutions, such as computers and mobile devices, in today's era. Various technological systems, including electronic health records (EHRs) and client information systems (CISs), can be seamlessly integrated with mobile devices. The use of mobile devices is anticipated to rise, particularly as long-term care is increasingly delivered in environments such as clients' homes, where computers are not readily accessible. However, there is a growing need for more user-centered data to ensure that mobile devices effectively support practical nurses in their daily activities. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze practical nurses' experiences of using EHRs or CISs on a mobile device in their daily practice. In addition, it aims to examine the factors associated with work time savings when using EHRs/CISs on a mobile device. METHODS: A cross-sectional study using an electronic survey was conducted in spring 2022. A total of 3866 practical nurses participated in the survey based on self-assessment. The sample was limited to practical nurses who used EHRs or CISs on a mobile device and worked in home care or service housing within the social welfare or health care sector (n=1014). Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors associated with work time savings. RESULTS: The likelihood of perceiving work time savings was higher among more experienced EHR/CIS users compared with those with less experience (odds ratio [OR] 1.59, 95% CI 1.30-1.94). Participants with 0-5 years of work experience were more likely to experience work time savings compared with those who had worked 21 years or more (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.43-4.07). Practical nurses in home care were also more likely to experience work time savings compared with those working in service housing (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.23-3.07). A lower grade given for EHRs/CISs was associated with a reduced likelihood of experiencing work time savings (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.66-0.89). Participants who documented client data in a public area were more likely to experience work time savings compared with those who did so in the nurses' office (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.27-4.25). Practical nurses who found documentation of client data on a mobile device easy (OR 3.05, 95% CI 2.14-4.34) were more likely to experience work time savings compared with those who did not. Similarly, participants who believed that documentation of client data on a mobile device reduced the need to memorize things (OR 4.10, 95% CI 2.80-6.00) were more likely to experience work time savings compared with those who did not. CONCLUSIONS: To enhance the proportion of practical nurses experiencing work time savings, we recommend that organizations offer comprehensive orientation and regular education sessions tailored for mobile device users who have less experience using EHRs or CISs and find mobile devices less intuitive to use.

Nurses' Use of mHealth Apps for Chronic Conditions: Cross-Sectional Survey.

BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) is increasingly used to support public health practice, as it has positive benefits such as enhancing self-efficacy and facilitating chronic disease management. Yet, relatively few studies have explored the use of mHealth apps among nurses, despite their important role in caring for patients with and at risk of chronic conditions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to explore nurses' use of mHealth apps to support adults with or at risk of chronic conditions and understand the factors that influence technology adoption. METHODS: A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between September 2022 and January 2023. The survey was shared via social media and professional nursing organizations to Australian nurses caring for adults with or at risk of chronic conditions. RESULTS: A total of 158 responses were included in the analysis. More than two-thirds (n=108, 68.4%) of respondents reported that they personally used at least 1 mHealth app. Over half (n=83, 52.5% to n=108, 68.4%) reported they use mHealth apps at least a few times a month for clinical purposes. Logistic regression demonstrated that performance expectancy (P=.04), facilitating condition (P=.05), and personal use of mHealth apps (P=.05) were significantly associated with mHealth app recommendation. In contrast, effort expectancy (P=.09) and social influence (P=.46) did not have a significant influence on whether respondents recommended mHealth apps to patients. The inability to identify the quality of mHealth apps and the lack of access to mobile devices or internet were the most common barriers to mHealth app recommendation. CONCLUSIONS: While nurses use mHealth apps personally, there is potential to increase their clinical application. Given the challenges reported in appraising and assessing mHealth apps, app regulation and upskilling nurses will help to integrate mHealth apps into usual patient care.

Triggers of intensive care patients with palliative care needs from nurses' perspective: a mixed methods study.

PURPOSE: Triggers have been developed internationally to identify intensive care patients with palliative care needs. Due to their work, nurses are close to the patient and their perspective should therefore be included. In this study, potential triggers were first identified and then a questionnaire was developed to analyse their acceptance among German intensive care nurses. METHODS: For the qualitative part of this mixed methods study, focus groups were conducted with intensive care nurses from different disciplines (surgery, neurosurgery, internal medicine), which were selected by convenience. Data were analysed using the "content-structuring content analysis" according to Kuckartz. For the quantitative study part, the thus identified triggers formed the basis for questionnaire items. The questionnaire was tested for comprehensibility in cognitive pretests and for feasibility in a pilot survey. RESULTS: In the qualitative part six focus groups were conducted at four university hospitals. From the data four main categories (prognosis, interprofessional cooperation, relatives, patients) with three to 15 subcategories each could be identified. The nurses described situations requiring palliative care consults that related to the severity of the disease, the therapeutic course, communication within the team and between team and patient/relatives, and typical characteristics of patients and relatives. In addition, a professional conflict between nurses and physicians emerged. The questionnaire, which was developed after six cognitive interviews, consists of 32 items plus one open question. The pilot had a response rate of 76.7% (23/30), whereby 30 triggers were accepted with an agreement of ≥ 50%. CONCLUSION: Intensive care nurses see various triggers, with interprofessional collaboration and the patient's prognosis playing a major role. The questionnaire can be used for further surveys, e.g. interprofessional triggers could be developed.

Exploring the factors influencing evidence-based approaches to advanced chronic kidney disease: a qualitative study involving nurses and physicians.

BACKGROUND: Advanced chronic kidney disease (ACKD) is associated with a high risk of adverse cardiovascular and renal events and has a significant impact on quality of life and life expectancy. Several studies have identified areas for improvement in their management in primary care. Some professional and environmental factors can act as key barriers to appropriate care. OBJECTIVE: To analyse attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control among primary care professionals related to the implementation of an evidence-based approach for individuals with ACKD in primary care. METHODOLOGY: This was a qualitative study using an interpretative phenomenological approach based on the theory of planned behaviour. Two aspects of the evidence-based approach were explored: the implementation of clinical practice guidelines and the utilisation of electronic kidney disease records within the scope of this study. Primary care nurses and physicians participated in a previous pilot interview and five focus groups. Subsequently, a thematic analysis of the gathered data was conducted. FINDINGS: Thirty-three primary care professionals participated. The emerging themes included: experiences in the management of ACKD (highlighting a distinct profile of older, frail patients with comorbidities masking CKD and a CKD follow-up primarily focused on analytical monitoring and drug adjustment); factors in the professional environment influencing the use of scientific evidence (such as time constraints, excessive electronic health records, and unfamiliar reference guidelines); attitudes towards the application of recommendations on ACKD (recognising limitations of computer systems despite considering them as guidance); and capacities to implement evidence-based recommendations (acknowledging formative needs and challenges in coordinating care with nephrology services). CONCLUSIONS: Several psychological elements identified through the TBP hinder the adequate implementation of an evidence-based approach for individuals with CKD. Attitudes have been identified as factors modulating the use of standardised electronic records. Instead, subjective norms (influences from the professional environment) and perceived behavioral control (perception of capabilities) acted as barriers to the proper application of clinical practice guidelines and standardised records. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Strategies aimed at optimising the management of people with ACKD should focus not only on training but also on improving attitudes, organisational structures, IT systems and coordination between primary care and nephrology.

Workplace violence and depressive symptoms: the mediating role of fear of future workplace violence and burnout among Chinese nurses.

BACKGROUND: The mechanisms underlying the relationship between workplace violence (WPV) and depressive symptoms in nurses have been less studied. This study aims to examine the mediating role of fear of future workplace violence (FFWV) and burnout in the association between WPV and depressive symptoms. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional web survey at 12 tertiary hospitals in Shandong province, China, in 2020. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the Fear of Future Violence at Work Scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and ordinary least squares regression with bootstrap resampling were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 45.9% among nurses. The regression model showed that FFWV and burnout mediated the relationship between WPV and depressive symptoms. The total effects of WPV on depressive symptoms (3.109, 95% bootstrap CI:2.324 - 3.713) could be decomposed into direct (2.250, 95% bootstrap CI:1.583 - 2.917) and indirect effects (0.769, 95% bootstrap CI:0.543 - 1.012). Indirect effects mediated by FFWV and burnout were 0.203 (95% bootstrap CI:0.090 - 0.348) and 0.443 (95% bootstrap CI:0.262 - 0.642), respectively. Furthermore, serial multiple mediation analyses indicated that the indirect effect mediated by FFWV and burnout in a sequential manner was 0.123 (95% bootstrap CI:0.070 - 0.189). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Chinese nurses was high. The WPV was an important risk factor for depressive symptoms and its negative effect was mediated by FFWV and burnout. The importance of decreasing WPV exposure and level of FFWV and burnout was emphasized to prevent depressive symptoms among nurses. The findings implied that hospital managers and health policy makers should not only develop targeted interventions to reduce exposure to WPV in daily work among all nurses, but also provide psychological support to nurses with WPV experience to reduce FFWV and burnout.

Nurses' experience of end-of-life care for patients with COVID-19: A descriptive phenomenology study.

The mortality rates among critically ill patients with COVID-19 have been high. The national and institutional infection control policies and resource shortages caused by the pandemic led patients to undergo deaths without dignity and inevitably changed intensive care unit (ICU) end-of-life care (EOLC) practices. This study explores ICU nurses' experiences of providing EOLC for patients with COVID-19 who died. Eight nurses participated in a qualitative phenomenological study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted from July to September 2022. Colaizzi's data analysis method was used, and the following four main themes emerged: (i) only companion in the death journey; (ii) helping families prepare for death; (iii) EOLC trapped within a framework; and (iv) EOLC in retrospect. To secure high-quality EOLC in ICU, it is important to promote practical support for nurses and EOLC-related discussions/education. Technical support, such as digital communication technologies, should be reinforced to help patients and their families participate in EOLC.

A 360-degree perspective on adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy for haemophilia: Insights from the physician, the nurse and the patient.

BACKGROUND: Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy for haemophilia has advanced substantially in the last 13 years; recently, three products have received approvals from regulatory authorities. Although the impact on quality of life seems promising, some limitations remain, such as the presence of pre-existing anti-AAV neutralising antibodies and the occurrence of hepatotoxicity. This review follows the CSL Behring-sponsored symposium at the 27th Congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2022 that examined the haemophilia gene therapy process from a 360-degree multidisciplinary perspective. Here, the faculty (haematologist, nurse and haemophilia patient) summarised their own viewpoints from the symposium, with the aim of highlighting the key considerations required to engage with gene therapy effectively, for both patients and providers, as well as the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration, including with industry. RESULTS: When considering these new therapies, patients face a complex decision-making process, which includes whether gene therapy is right for them at their current stage of life. The authors agreed that collaboration and tailored education across the multidisciplinary team (including patients and their carers/families), starting early in the process and continuing throughout the long-term follow-up period, is key for the success of gene therapy. Additionally, patient expectations, which may surround eligibility, follow-up requirements and treatment outcomes, should be continually explored. During these ongoing discussions, transparent communication of the unknown factors, such as anticipated clotting factor levels, long-term factor expression and safety, and psychological changes, is critical. To ensure efficiency and comprehensiveness, clearly­defined protocols should outline the whole process, which should include the recording and management of long-term effects. CONCLUSION: In order to engage effectively, both patients and providers should be familiar with these key considerations prior to their involvement with the haemophilia gene therapy process. The future after the approval of haemophilia gene therapies remains to be seen and real-world evidence is eagerly awaited.

Actions speak louder than words; pediatricians, gynecologists, nurses, and other mothers' perspectives on the human papillomavirus vaccine: an Istanbul multicenter study.

Introduction: Gynecologists and pediatricians have an essential duty to prevent cervical cancer. In this study, we compared the compliance of gynecologists (n = 22) and pediatricians (n = 49) with nurse/midwife (n = 66) and non-medical moms (n = 120) with regards to cervical cancer precautions. Methods: A questionnaire was used to gather data on their demographics, personal vaccination and screening practices, children's immunization status, and awareness of cervical cancer prevention. Results: The findings demonstrated that gynecologists and pediatricians were better than others at understanding the risk factors and prevention of cervical cancer. It was noted that compared to other groups, physician mothers and their offspring had higher vaccination rates (n = 13, 18.3%; n = 10, 29.4%, respectively). Medical professionals typically provided thorough and accurate answers to informational questions. More frequent Pap smear tests were performed by gynecologists. It was noted that mothers who worked as pediatricians and nurses/midwives neglected their own screening needs. Discussion: This questionnaire survey sought to ascertain Istanbul's health professionals' present opinions regarding HPV vaccination. Healthcare professionals should be the first to receive information on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer incidence reduction. The public could then readily use them as an example.

Caring for People Living With Dementia in Saudi Arabia: The Perspective of Nurses as Primary Caregivers.

Dementia is a progressive condition and an umbrella term used to describe a set of symptoms that affects many older adults. Older adults living with dementia often experience social stigma, which can impact their quality of life. Most people with dementia need the assistance of a caregiver in order to enhance their health. The present study seeks to explore the perspective of nurses as the primary caregivers of people living with dementia in Saudi Arabia, focusing on the challenges faced by nurses and their reactions to these challenges. A descriptive qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with 10 nurses with experience caring for people living with dementia from 2 hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Using thematic analysis, 4 main themes were identified: (1) types of support, (2) challenges when caring for people living with dementia, (3) society's views on people living with dementia, and (4) nurses' perceptions of dementia. The nurses stated that people living with dementia do not receive sufficient support from their families. Most participants believed that public awareness about dementia is insufficient. Increased efforts to raise public awareness about dementia could include harnessing social norms around family structure and respect for elders to improve care provided to people living with dementia.

Nurses' perception of the impact of professional development sessions on their pre-hospital clinical practice with trauma victims.

Background: Continuing education is important for the quality of clinical practice because it complements it and focuses primarily on producing qualified pre-hospital nurses with operationally defined competence in nursing standards. The objective of this study was to assess pre-hospital nurses' opinion of the impact of professional development sessions on their clinical practice. Method: A descriptive and quantitative study was carried out involving Portuguese pre-hospital nurses. Six professional development sessions were presented in 2020 to pre-hospital registered nurses in four of Portugal's main cities. To collect the data, at the end of each session, we apply a questionnaire designed specifically for this study. This data collection instrument consists of 11 questions, six designed to evaluate the session and five designed to evaluate the trainer responsible for the session. A five-point Likert scale was used for each question, where 1 corresponds to very dissatisfied and 5 to extremely satisfied. Results: Two hundred and two nurses, which represents 55% of all Portuguese pre-hospital nurses, took part in the assessment of the professional development sessions. The nurses were from the Northern region of Portugal (51%; n = 102), the Centre region (29%; n = 59) and the Southern region of Portugal (20%; n = 41). Nurses found the session extremely satisfactory. All the assessment scores ranged between 4.4 and 4.7 points, on a scale of 1 to 5. 76.2% of the participants considered that the knowledge acquired could have a major impact [score = 5] on their future clinical practice. The majority of pre-hospital nurses (96.5%) felt that the session could have a major impact [score = 5; 76.2%, n = 154] or a very important impact [score = 4; 20.3%, n = 41] on their clinical practice. Conclusion: The professional development sessions provide pre-hospital nurses with the latest research findings and the majority of nurses considered that the training had a huge impact on their clinical practice. However, it is important that future research aims to explore the cause-effect relationship between training and improved clinical practice.

Factors affecting nurses' compassion fatigue: A path analysis study.

BACKGROUND: Nurses often experience compassion fatigue as a result of exposure to chronic work-related stress. It is thought that nurses' mindfulness levels and patience attitudes might be effective on compassion fatigue. AIM: Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to examine the relationship between nurses' compassion fatigue, mindfulness levels and patience levels. METHODS: The study was carried out in a descriptive and relation-seeking type and was completed with the participation of 469 nurses. Data Form of Demographic and Professional Characteristics, Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and The Patience Scale were used as data collection tools. FINDINGS: As a result of the research, it was determined that there was a relationship between the mindfulness and patience levels of nurses and compassion fatigue. As the mindfulness and patience levels of nurses increase, compassion fatigue decreases (p < 0.05). As the mindfulness levels of the nurses increase, their patience levels increase as well (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Accordingly, it is recommended to increase the level of patience and reduce compassion fatigue by applying interventions that will increase the mindfulness levels of nurses.

Emotional intelligence and perceived social support as predictors of psychological well-being among nurses in hospitals in metro manila: Basis for psychological wellness program.

An important factor related to psychological well-being is emotional intelligence and perceived social support. Nurses are exposed to different stressors that are triggered by failing to meet personal needs, taking care of patients, heavy workloads, being exposed to dying patients, fear of committing errors in practice, and experiences of discrimination. Literature suggests that emotional intelligence and perceived social support are associated with psychological well-being. This study aimed to test whether emotional intelligence and perceived social support significantly predict psychological well-being among nurses working in hospitals in Metro Manila through multiple regression analysis. The result shows a high level of emotional intelligence and perceived social support among the respondents. Furthermore, it was also found that nurses have an average level of psychological well-being. There is also a positive relationship between the domains of emotional intelligence, perceived social support, and psychological well-being. Lastly, the results show that the domains of emotional intelligence and perceived social support significantly predict psychological well-being among nurses.

Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the Self-awareness Scale for Nurses.

Background: Levels of self-awareness may affect the decision-making ability of clinical nurses and may also be related to mental health. Therefore, it is crucial to develop tools to identify nurses' level of self-awareness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of a short scale among Chinese nurses and to explore the factors associated with nurses' self-awareness. Methods: A total of 957 participants were recruited, 549 participants were used for reliability tests and 408 subjects were used for impact factor studies. They completed the General Information Questionnaire, the Self-Awareness Scale for Nurses, and the Psychological Distress Scale. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and retest reliability were used to investigate the psychometric properties of the Self-Awareness Scale for Nurses. Multiple regression analyses were used in this study to investigate the relationship between nurses' self-awareness and the independent variables. Results: A 4-factor model of the Chinese version of the Self-Awareness Scale for Nurses was validated. The overall Cronbach's alpha value for the Chinese version of the Self-Awareness Scale for Nurses was 0.873. Cronbach's alpha values for each subscale ranged from 0.808 to 0.979. Significant predictors of each dimension of the Self-awareness and the total score of the scale were age and work experience. Conclusion: The Chinese version of the Self-Awareness Scale for Nurses is a valid and reliable scale.

Medical Error Prevalence, Nursing Power, and Structural Empowerment: A Serial Mediation Analysis.

Aim: To investigate how structural empowerment and power may contribute to and predict the reduction of medical errors. Background: Medical errors threaten patient well-being, leading to adverse outcomes. Improving work conditions holds promise for reducing medical errors among nurses. Methods: A multisite correlational cross-sectional design was utilized. Data were completed by 375 nurses from four hospitals in Jordan. Data collection occurred between September and November 2023 using sociodemographic, structural empowerment, and medical error questionnaires. The study employed descriptive statistics, Pearson r correlation, and serial mediation analysis. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. Results: Pearson r correlation revealed significant negative correlations between medical error and structural empowerment, formal power, and informal power. The conceptual framework was significant and predicted 16% of the variance in medical errors. The mediation analysis confirmed that formal power and informal power mediate the relationship between structural empowerment and medical error. Conclusions and Implications. This study sheds light on the intricate connection of structural empowerment, formal and informal power, and their collective impact on reducing medical errors. Understanding and addressing these dynamics allows nurses and administrators to achieve a culture of patient safety. Reduction of medical errors is paramount to a safe healthcare environment that prioritizes patient outcomes. Strategies should be fostered to enhance structural empowerment, refine formal power structures, and leverage the positive aspects of informal networks.

An Exploration of Nurses' Attitudes and Beliefs on Reporting Medication Errors.

BACKGROUND: Medication errors in health care are prevalent. Nurses play an important role in reporting; however errors remain underreported in incident reporting systems. Understanding the perspective of nurses will inform strategies to improve reporting and build systems to reduce errors. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' perceptions and attitudes of medication error reporting practices. METHODS: This qualitative study used direct content analysis to analyze interview sessions with 21 total nurses. RESULTS: Participant's description of medication error reporting practices fell into 2 themes. Internal factors described circumstances within nurses themselves that affect reporting. External factors described outside influences from processes or places. CONCLUSIONS: Medication error reporting is a multidimensional phenomenon with internal and external factors impacting nurses' attitudes and willingness to report errors. Nurses need support from leadership to understand that reporting medication errors can improve practice and impact patient outcomes.