RESUMO
Two dogs were presented with hemifacial spasm. Computed tomography images of both the dogs revealed an intracranial mass. In the first dog, a lesion at the level of the medulla oblongata was thought to cause primary irritation of the facial nucleus, with consequently permanent contraction of the ipsilateral facial muscles. In the second dog, a mass seemingly arising from the middle cranial fossa presumably isolated the facial motor neurons from upper motor neuron control, which resulted in hemifacial spasm as a result of loss of inhibitory interneuronal activity.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Espasmo Hemifacial/veterinária , Bulbo/patologia , Animais , Bélgica , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Eutanásia Animal , Espasmo Hemifacial/diagnóstico por imagem , Espasmo Hemifacial/etiologia , Masculino , Bulbo/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/veterináriaRESUMO
Diseases of the ear often cause signs of neurologic dysfunction because of damage of peripheral nervous system structures associated with the middle and inner ear. Vestibular dysfunction, facial paralysis, Horner's syndrome, and hearing deficits are the most common neurologic deficits that accompany middle and inner ear disease. Differentiating these signs from disease of the central nervous system is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and prognosis but can be difficult. Understanding the normal anatomy of the ear and its association with the brain is crucial to interpretation of the neurologic examination. This article reviews neurologic dysfunction commonly associated with diseases of the ear and differentiating these signs from central disease.
