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1.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol ; 187(4): 1515-1538, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30267287

RESUMO

Thermophiles have several beneficial properties for the conversion of biomass at high temperatures. Thermomyces lanuginosus is a thermophilic filamentous fungus that was shown to secrete 40 glycoside hydrolases and 25 proteases when grown on different carbon sources. Among the 13 identified glycoside hydrolases with high expression levels, 9 were reduced sugar glycosidases (RSGs) belonging to seven GH families, and 7 of the 10 identified proteases were exopeptidases belonging to six different protease families. High expression of RSGs and exopeptidases may allow the fungus to efficiently degrade oligosaccharides and oligopeptides in saprophytic habitats. There were no xylan side chain-degrading enzymes predicted in the genome of T. lanuginosus, and only one thermophilic GH11 xylanase (g4601.t1) and one GH43 xylosidase (g3706.t1) were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry when T. lanuginosus grown on xylan, which led to the accumulation of substituted xylooligosaccharides (SXOS) during corncob xylan degradation where SXOS output made up more than 8% of the total xylan. The SXOS are beneficial prebiotics and important inducers for enzymes secretion of microorganisms. Thus, T. lanuginosus exhibits distinct advantages in utilizing cheap raw materials producing one thermostable xylanase and the high value-added SXOS as well as microbial inoculants to compost by batch fermentation.


Assuntos
Endo-1,4-beta-Xilanases/biossíntese , Eurotiales/metabolismo , Glucuronatos/biossíntese , Oligossacarídeos/biossíntese , Proteômica , Transporte Biológico , Eurotiales/citologia , Espaço Extracelular/metabolismo , Glucuronatos/química , Espaço Intracelular/metabolismo , Oligossacarídeos/química , Fatores de Tempo
2.
Mycoses ; 58(8): 506-10, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26058584

RESUMO

We report the isolation of the emerging fungal pathogen Rasamsonia aegroticola, which belongs Rasamsonia argillacea species complex, from a respiratory sample of a patient with cystic fibrosis. This filamentous fungus, resembling members of a Penicillium and Paecilomyces spp., was identified by morphology and confirmed by DNA sequence analysis. Susceptibility pattern showed high minimal inhibitory concentration of voriconazole and amphotericin B but low minimal inhibitory concentration of caspofungin, micafungin and itraconazole.


Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/complicações , Fibrose Cística/microbiologia , Eurotiales/isolamento & purificação , Micoses/complicações , Micoses/microbiologia , Anfotericina B/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Caspofungina , Equinocandinas/farmacologia , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/efeitos dos fármacos , Eurotiales/genética , Humanos , Lipopeptídeos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Faringe/microbiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Eslovênia , Voriconazol/farmacologia , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Clin Microbiol ; 51(1): 22-30, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23077129

RESUMO

In recent years, Geosmithia argillacea has been increasingly reported in humans and animals and can be considered an emerging pathogen. The taxonomy of Geosmithia was recently studied, and Geosmithia argillacea and related species were transferred to the new genus Rasamsonia. The diversity among a set of Rasamsonia argillacea strains, including 28 clinical strains, was studied, and antifungal susceptibility profiles were generated. Data obtained from morphological studies and from phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial ß-tubulin and calmodulin sequences revealed the presence of four species in the Rasamsonia argillacea complex, two of which are newly described here: R. piperina sp. nov. and R. aegroticola sp. nov. In contrast to other related genera, all Rasamsonia species can be identified with ITS sequences. A retrospective identification was performed on recently reported clinical isolates from animal or human patients. Susceptibility tests showed that the antifungal susceptibility profiles of the four members of the R. argillacea complex are similar, and caspofungin showed significant activity in vitro, followed by amphotericin B and posaconazole. Voriconazole was the least active of the antifungals tested. The phenotypically similar species R. brevistipitata and R. cylindrospora had different antifungal susceptibility profiles, and this indicates that correct species identification is important to help guide appropriate antifungal therapy.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Eurotiales/classificação , Eurotiales/efeitos dos fármacos , Micoses/microbiologia , Filogenia , Animais , Análise por Conglomerados , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Ribossômico/química , DNA Ribossômico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/química , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Tubulina (Proteína)/genética
4.
J Clin Microbiol ; 51(2): 719-22, 2013 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23241382

RESUMO

Rasamsonia argillacea (formerly known as Geosmithia argillacea) is a fungus recently recognized as a pathogen of immunocompromised patients. Here we report the first case of Rasamsonia infection in an immunocompetent host, presenting as a pulmonary and aortic graft infection. Its morphological similarity to nonpathogenic Penicillium species delayed the diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.


Assuntos
Aortite/microbiologia , Eurotiales , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/microbiologia , Aortite/diagnóstico , Bronquiectasia/microbiologia , Bronquiectasia/patologia , Eurotiales/classificação , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/genética , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
5.
J Clin Microbiol ; 48(7): 2615-7, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20421435

RESUMO

We report the repeated isolation of the fungus Geosmithia argillacea from sputum samples of people with cystic fibrosis. Identification was based on morphology and DNA sequence analysis. Isolation of G. argillacea did not appear to be associated with clinical deterioration. The pathogenic potential of G. argillacea is discussed.


Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/complicações , Eurotiales/isolamento & purificação , Escarro/microbiologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Fibrose Cística/microbiologia , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/microbiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Esporos Fúngicos/citologia
6.
Med Mycol ; 48(2): 335-45, 2010 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20141373

RESUMO

Anamorphic members of the ascomycete family Trichocomaceae including Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, Geosmithia and Sagenomella have been reported from infections in canines. Six clinical isolates (five associated with infections in canines and one from a human source) demonstrated simple phialides producing conidia in long chains and were investigated for their potential relationship to Sagenomella chlamydospora, a known agent of canine disseminated mycosis. Phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and small subunit (SSU) region sequences revealed that all of the canine-associated isolates were distinct from Sagenomella species. The new anamorphic genus and species Phialosimplex caninus is described to accommodate the clinical isolates. Sagenomella chlamydospora and Sagenomella sclerotialis are transferred to the new genus as Phialosimplex chlamydosporus comb. nov. and Phialosimplex sclerotialis comb. nov.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Eurotiales/isolamento & purificação , Micoses/veterinária , Animais , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Intergênico/genética , Cães , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/genética , Micoses/microbiologia , Filogenia
7.
Mycologia ; 101(3): 423-9, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19537215

RESUMO

Aspergillus flavus is the major producer of carcinogenic aflatoxins in crops worldwide and is also an important opportunistic human pathogen in aspergillosis. The sexual state of this heterothallic fungus is described from crosses between strains of the opposite mating type. Sexual reproduction occurred between sexually compatible strains belonging to different vegetative compatibility groups. Multiple, indehiscent ascocarps containing asci and ascospores formed within the pseudoparenchymatous matrix of stromata, which places the fungus in genus Petromyces. The teleomorph of P. flavus could not be distinguished from that of P. parasiticus (anamorph = A. parasiticus), another aflatoxin-producing species, based on morphology of the sexual structures. The two species can be separated by anamorph morphology, mycotoxin profile and molecular characters.


Assuntos
Aspergillus flavus/fisiologia , Aspergillus flavus/classificação , Aspergillus flavus/citologia , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Eurotiales/classificação , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/fisiologia , Reprodução/fisiologia , Sexo , Esporos Fúngicos/citologia , Esporos Fúngicos/fisiologia
8.
Mycologia ; 100(1): 12-9, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18488349

RESUMO

The genus Penicillium comprises species that mostly colonize plant matter. However early reports suggest that several species are capable of parasitizing Aspergillus and sporulating on the conidial heads of the host. More recently Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum and E. cinnamopurpureum, both with Penicillium anamorphs, have been observed sporulating on the heads of Aspergillus species belonging to section Flavi during the colonization of peanut seeds. Little is known about the host specificity underlying these Aspergillus-Penicillium associations. In this study Aspergillus species representing nine taxonomic sections were paired in culture with E. ochrosalmoneum, E. cinnamopurpureum and two unnamed Penicillium species. Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum, E. cinnamopurpureum and Penicillium sp. 1 sporulated predominantly on the heads of section Flavi species. In contrast Penicillium sp. 2 was restricted to the heads of section Nigri species. All species spread across Aspergillus colonies by means of aerial hyphae that grew from head to head. Additional studies are required to clarify whether Eupenicillium and Penicillium species are parasitic or simply epibiotic on their hosts.


Assuntos
Antibiose , Aspergillus/fisiologia , Eurotiales/fisiologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Penicillium/fisiologia , Esporos Fúngicos/fisiologia , Arachis/microbiologia , Aspergillus/citologia , Eurotiales/citologia , Penicillium/citologia , Sementes/microbiologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Zea mays/microbiologia
9.
Mycorrhiza ; 16(4): 241-244, 2006 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16547736

RESUMO

Pseudotulostoma volvata (O. K. Mill. and T. W. Henkel) is a morphologically unusual member of the otherwise hypogeous Elaphomycetaceae due to its epigeous habit and exposed gleba borne on an elevated stalk at maturity. Field observations in Guyana indicated that P. volvata was restricted to rain forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal (EM) Dicymbe corymbosa (Caesalpiniaceae), suggesting an EM nutritional mode for the fungus. In this paper, we confirm the EM status of P. volvata with a combination of morphological, molecular, and mycosociological data. The EM status for P. volvata corroborates its placement in the ectotrophic Elaphomycetaceae.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Eurotiales/classificação , Micorrizas/classificação , Eurotiales/citologia , Eurotiales/genética , Fabaceae/microbiologia , Guiana , RNA Fúngico/genética , RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética , Especificidade da Espécie , Clima Tropical
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