Myopic shift in pediatric cataract surgery associated with age and surgical complications.

PURPOSE: To investigate predictors for myopic shift after pediatric cataract surgery after at least 3 years follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional and retrospective study. METHODS: This study included patients treated for congenital or infantile cataract operated up to 5 years of age between 2010 and 2017. Patients were recruited for ophthalmologic evaluation. Surgical and medical data were acquired in medical charts. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Univariate and multivariate regressions were performed to look for potential risk factors for myopic shift. RESULTS: This study evaluated 81 eyes of 50 patients, with 62 (77%) being bilateral cases, 48 (59%) with intraocular lens implantation, and 37 (74%) patients being strabismic. Age at surgery was 7.7 (3.7-30.5) months and at evaluation was 93.5 (55.1-113.0) months. Total myopic shift was -4.32 ± 3.25 D, significantly greater in patients operated on up to 6 months of life (-5.73 ± 3.14 D). The distant best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.6 (0.3-1.0) log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). Regarding myopic shift, in univariate analysis, older age at surgery is a protective factor (+0.08 D for each month older, P = 0.001). The presence of strabismus (-2.52 D, P = 0.014), aphakia (-2.45 D, P = 0.006), distant BCVA (-0.15 D per 0.1 logMAR, P = 0.024), and surgical complications (-3.02 D, P = 0.001) are risk factors. In multivariate analysis, older age at surgery (+0.06 D, P = 0.012) and surgical complications (-2.52 D, P = 0.001) remain significant. CONCLUSION: In pediatric cataract surgery, myopic shift is greater when surgery is performed in a younger age and if associated with surgical complications.

Angle-closure glaucoma associated with vitreous prolapse after neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminumgarnet laser posterior capsulotomy.

Capsulotomy with neodymium-doped yttriumaluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser is an effective treatment for posterior capsule opacification following cataract surgery. A wide opening of the posterior capsule associated with the ruptured anterior hyaloid can cause anterior chamber vitreous prolapse. Two patients who developed angle-closure glaucoma associated with vitreous prolapse following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy were successfully treated with antiglaucoma medication and peripheral iridotomies. Patient identification for potential risk factors and a careful postoperative follow-up are essential to avoid these serious complications.

Novel Management of Ocular Surface Inflammation in Patients With Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease in the Setting of Cataract Surgery.

PURPOSE: To report the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD) using a novel preoperative immunomodulatory regimen in a collaborative subspecialty care setting. METHODS: Retrospective case series of patients with oGVHD who underwent cataract surgery using a novel preoperative immunomodulatory regimen in a collaborative care setting. A preoperative regimen consisting of pooled human immune globulin 1%, autologous serum 50%, and methylprednisolone 1% eye drops was prescribed. Outcome measures included visual acuity (VA), ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, lissamine green staining, and complications with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. RESULTS: Thirty-five eyes from 20 patients with oGVHD were studied. The mean age was 59 years (range 30-70 years). A healthy comparison group included 35 eyes from 24 patients with a mean age of 63 years (range 44-74 years). At the 2-year follow-up, the mean corneal staining score was 2.3/15, the mean OSDI score was 37.5, and the mean VA was 20/30 (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution 0.17). The global complication rate was 2.8% at the last follow-up with no difference versus a healthy comparison group. CONCLUSIONS: A collaborative care model improving ocular surface health before cataract surgery with dry eye and cataract subspecialists can optimize outcomes in patients with oGVHD.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

PURPOSE: The main purpose of our study is to compare the adverse events occurrence, complications, and postoperative outcomes of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS) versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS) in adult patients undergoing cataract surgery. METHODS: We conducted our research using PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE through EBSCOhost from 2012 to July 2022 with English and Spanish language restriction, including only Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). The PRISMA guidelines were observed for data abstraction, including a random-effects model for each outcome. RESULTS: We analyzed 4844 eyes from 23 RCTs with some low risk of bias according to RoB 2 tool. We found statistically significant differences between the FLACS and CPS groups for the mean absolute error (MD = -0.12, 95% CI:-0.22-[-0.02], p = 0.01), the circularity of capsulorhexis (MD = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.04-0.05, p ≤ 0.00001), IOL centration (D = -0.07, 95% CI:-0.09-[-0.05], p ≤ 0.00001), CDE count (MD = -1.75, 95% CI: -2.75-[-0.74], p = 0.0006), mean phacoemulsification time (MD = -12.90, 95% CI:-20.89-[-4.92], p = 0.002), EPT (MD = -0.93, 95% CI: -1.68-[-0.019], p = 0.01) and endothelial cell density loss ((MD = -0.6, 95% CI: -1-[-0.19], p = 0.004). Also, the safety analysis showed a lower incidence of posterior capsule tear (PCT) in the FLACS group (OR =0.29, 95% CI: 0.09-1, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that FLACS might be helpful for patients with relatively dense cataracts and low preoperative endothelial cell values.

The impact of antibiotic prophylaxis with intracameral cefuroxime on postoperative infectious endophthalmitis rates in a high-volume cataract surgery center.

Our purpose was to compare postoperative infectious endophthalmitis rates before and after the introduction of antibiotic prophylaxis via intracameral with cefuroxime (ATB-P IC) in a high-volume cataract surgery service. Retrospective cohort study considering patients who underwent cataract surgery at Ophthal Hospital Especializado, São Paulo, Brazil, from January/2011 to December/2019. Patients operated from 2013 to 2019 comprised the ATB-P IC group while those operated from 2011 to 2013 formed the control group without the ATB-P IC protocol. A total of 23,184 cataract surgeries were included, with 6,207 in the Control Group and 16,977 in the ATB-P Group. A significantly higher rate of endophthalmitis was observed in the control group (0.0967%) when compared to the ATB-P group (0.0177%) (p = 0.014). Surgeries performed with ATB-P showed 80% less chance of reported endophthalmitis (OR = 0.20; 95% CI 0.05-0.72; p = 0.014) than those without ATB-P. Of the six cases confirmed by culture in the control group, all tested positive for Pseudomonas aeroginosa and the only case confirmed by culture in the ATB-P group was positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis. Our findings strongly support the use of intracameral antibiotic prophylaxis with cefuroxime to reduce postoperative infectious endophthalmitis rates, and we recommend its incorporation into cataract surgery protocols.

Intravitreal acetazolamide implant for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema.

BACKGROUND: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is the most common cause of visual acuity deterioration after uncomplicated cataract surgery. There is no consensus regarding how to manage recurrent or refractory cases. REPORT: A 54-year-old woman complained of decreased vision and central metamorphopsia in the right eye (OD) 3 months after uneventful cataract surgery. Visual acuity was 0.3 logMAR (20/40) OD and 0.1 logMAR (20/25) OS. Reduced macular brightness was seen OD on funduscopy associated with increased macular thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) was diagnosed, and treatment with oral acetazolamide was tried without success. The patient underwent a single intravitreal injection of an acetazolamide implant (260 µg) OD as off-label treatment. Four weeks following the injection, she reported complete resolution of her metamorphopsia and visual loss OD. Four months later, her visual acuity was 0.0 logMAR (20/20) in OD and 0.1 logMAR (20/25) in OS. The patient reported no discomfort after the injection procedure. Laboratory and ophthalmologic tests did not identify any adverse effects of the medication. CONCLUSION: We show that PCME refractory to conventional treatment improved after intravitreal acetazolamide implant injection. Further investigation is warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.

Regional Disparities in Prevalence and Causes of Visual Impairment and Blindness, Cataract Surgical Coverage and Ocular Findings in Adults 50 Years and Older in Brazil: A Comparative Analysis between Two Population-Based Cross-Sectional Surveys Performed Within a 10-Year Interval.

PURPOSE: To investigate disparities in the prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness, cataract surgical coverage, and ocular findings in older adults from two Brazilian geo-socio-demographic areas, São Paulo and Parintins cities. METHODS: Data from two population-based studies including participants 50 years and older from the cities of São Paulo (São Paulo Eye Study - SPES, 2004) and Parintins (Brazilian Amazon Region Eye Survey - BARES, 2014) were aggregated. RESULTS: A total of 5318 participants (3677 from SPES;1641 from BARES) were included. The prevalence of severe visual impairment (SVI) and blindness were, respectively, 0.74% (0.46-1.02) and 0.77% (0.48-1.05) in SPES and 1.72% (1.09-2.35) and 3.44% (2.55-4.33) in BARES. SVI and blindness were associated with BARES study [OR = 2.27 (1.30-3.95); p = .004 - SVI] [OR:4.07 (2.51-6.60); p < .001- blindness]; and older age [OR = 10.93 (4.20-28.45); p < .001 - SPES; OR = 17.96 (8.75-36.83); p < .001 - BARES] while higher education level was a protective factor [OR = 0.21 (0.05-0.95) - SPES; p = .042; OR = 0.21 (0.05-0.91); p = .037 - BARES]. Cataract was the main cause of bilateral severe visual impairment (25.93% in SPES and 64.29% in BARES) and bilateral blindness (21.43% in SPES and 35.71% in BARES). Cataract surgical coverage was significantly lower in BARES (36.32%) compared to SPES (57.75%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of SVI and blindness was three times higher in older adults from the Brazilian Amazon compared to those living in São Paulo city, despite a 10-year interval between the two studies. These disparities should be mitigated by initiatives to promote access to eye care services targeting underprivileged and remote Brazilian areas.

Calidad visual y de vida en la cirugía refractiva bilateral simultánea del cristalino en pacientes hipermétropes / Visual quality and quality of life in simultaneous bilateral refractive lens surgery in hyperopic patients

Introducción: La cirugía actual de la catarata no comprende solo restablecer la visión en su mayor cantidad posible, sino que incluye además la psicofísica de la visión. Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados de la cantidad, calidad visual y de vida en la cirugía refractiva bilateral simultánea del cristalino en pacientes hipermétropes. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal prospectivo de serie de casos en 108 ojos de 54 pacientes con catarata bilateral e hipermetropía operados por cirugía bilateral simultánea en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" desde noviembre 2018 hasta abril 2022. Se emplearon los porcentajes y los números absolutos para resumir las variables cualitativas. En el caso de las cuantitativas se usó la media con su desviación estándar (DE) y el intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento. Resultados: Fue más frecuente el sexo femenino con una edad media de 69,1 ± 8,1 años. El 55,11 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo dureza NO3. La agudeza visual monocular mejoró en el 97,2 por ciento y el 100 por ciento la mejoró de forma bilateral. Hubo una pérdida celular endotelial de 10,19 por ciento. La visión de colores y la sensibilidad al contraste mostraron de igual manera mejoría significativa. Conclusiones: La cirugía bilateral simultánea del cristalino en pacientes hipermétropes contribuye de manera significativa a la mejoría de la visión en cantidad y calidad, por lo que permite recuperar la calidad de vida(AU)

Introduction: Current cataract surgery does not comprise only restoring vision to its greatest possible quantity, but also includes the psychophysics of vision. Objective: To evaluate the results of quantity, visual quality and quality of life in simultaneous bilateral refractive surgery of the crystalline lens in hyperopic patients. Methods: A prospective longitudinal descriptive case series prospective study was performed in 108 eyes of 54 patients with bilateral cataract and hyperopia operated by simultaneous bilateral surgery at the Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology "Ramón Pando Ferrer" from November 2018 to April 2022. Quality of life was also taken into account by the FV-14 survey. Percentages and absolute numbers were used to summarize the qualitative variables. In the case of quantitative variables, the mean with standard deviation (SD) and 95 percent confidence interval were used. Results: The female gender was more frequent with an average age of 69.1±8.1 years. 55.11 percent of patients had NO3 hardness. Monocular visual acuity improved in 97.2 percent and 100 percent improved bilaterally. There was an endothelial cell loss of 10.19 percent. Color vision and contrast sensitivity likewise showed significant improvement. Conclusions: Simultaneous bilateral lens surgery in hyperopic patients, contributes significantly to the improvement of vision in quantity and quality, thus allowing recovery of quality of life(AU)

Efficacy of femtosecond laser for anterior capsulotomy in complex white cataracts.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the advantages and complication rate of capsulotomy performed with femtosecond laser in white complex cataract cases. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective review of white cataract surgery cases in which the femtosecond laser (LenSx, Alcon Laboratories, Fortworth, Texas, USA) was used between May 2019 and February 2021. Outcome measures included an assessment of the capsulotomy, identification of tags, surgical time, cumulative dispersed energy (CDE) and postoperative management. RESULTS: Sixteen eyes of 16 patients were included in this study; capsule tags occurred in six patients (37.5%). In 2 patients, the capsule presented small adhesions that were identified and removed. One patient presented a very significant contraction of the anterior capsule with an incomplete cut zone of 2 to 4hours. In a patient with nystagmus, the capsulotomy was performed without complications under peribulbar anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: The femtosecond laser permitted capsulotomies of better shape, size and regularity in complex cases of white cataract and in combination with conditions such as nystagmus and prior corneal transplantation. The microadhesions and untreated areas were identified with trypan blue, which is essential to use in these cases to avoid associated complications.

Unusual case of double anterior segment with two lenses and double cataract in a 6-month child.

INTRODUCTION: Anterior segment duplicity with two lenses is a rare event which pathogenesis is still unknown. Different ocular and systemic abnormalities might be associated with such event. CASE OBSERVATIONS: Hereby we describe a case of a 6-months female child referred to our service due to signs of ocular malformation in the left eye. The ocular exam showed a double anterior segment with twin lenses in one single eye, associated with double lamellar opacity and persistence of the two hyaloid arteries. The patient underwent surgical treatment with lensectomy and vitrectomy aiming visual stimulation and prevention of definitive visual loss secondary to amblyopia. CONCLUSION: In any case of ocular malformation, efforts to provide adequate visual stimulus are necessary to avoid amblyopia. In our case, the opacified lenses were removed, the patient adapted contact lenses and will be followed-up for visual stimulation at the ophthalmic pediatric division aiming the best visual prognosis possible.

18-month results of double-fanged 5-0 polypropylene suture transscleral bag fixation in subluxated cataracts.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the stability and efficacy of the double-flanged 5-0 polypropylene suture to fixate subluxated cataracts at 18 months and the possible complications of this new technique. METHODS: This technique uses a 5-0 polypropylene monofilament to create two flanges with a thermocautery, for fixation of a capsular tension segment to the sclera to fix the subluxated capsular bag. This technique was implemented in 17 eyes requiring intraocular lens implantation in a setting of zonular dialysis due to trauma, Marfan syndrome, microspherophakia, idiopathic disease, and post-phacoemulsification status. RESULTS: Follow-up of the patients occurred at 18 months. Best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 0.85 to 0.39 (logMAR), whereas the spherical and cylindrical refractive errors and intraocular pressure remained stable from preoperation. No suture photodegradation or pseudophacodonesis were detected. CONCLUSION: The double-flanged 5-0 polypropylene suture transscleral bag fixation technique has shown favorable long-term outcomes in terms of bag intraocular lens/complex fixation and stability. In eyes with zonular weakness or dialysis, this technique appears to be a safe and knotless option for cataract surgery.

Incidence of endophthalmitis post cataract surgery in a Tertiary Hospital of Buenos Aires.

OBJECTIVE: Acknowledging the rates of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery is very important to understand the seriousness of the disease. Until now, there is no data of this situation in Argentina. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery at a tertiary hospital, a medical facility which provides a high degree of subspecialty expertise, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. METHOD: Retrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent cataract phacoemulsification surgery between 2006 and 2020 at Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, was performed. Patients with endophthalmitis diagnosis within the first 6 weeks after surgery were included. Those who underwent extracapsular surgery or combined surgeries were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 29 326 cataract surgeries were performed in ten years. The annual incidence of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was 0.102% (95% CI 0.069-0.146). Thirty cases of endophthalmitis were diagnosed. The main microorganism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (45.4%). Final visual acuity was higher than 0.3 (LogMAR) in 46.6% of the patients. CONCLUSION: The incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in this hospital is within the range reported globally. Knowing the regional incidence contributes to decide if new prophylaxis measures are necessary.

OBJETIVO: Conocer las tasas de endoftalmitis después de la cirugía de cataratas es muy importante para comprender la gravedad de la enfermedad. Hasta el momento, no hay datos de su situación en Argentina. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la incidencia de endoftalmitis postoperatoria tras cirugía de catarata en un hospital de tercer nivel o alta complejidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Método: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de pacientes adultos operados de facoemulsificación de cataratas entre 2006 y 2020 en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de endoftalmitis dentro de las primeras 6 semanas posteriores a la cirugía. Se excluyeron los pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía extracapsular o cirugías combinadas. RESULTADOS: En diez años se realizaron un total de 29.326 operaciones de cataratas. La incidencia anual de endoftalmitis postoperatoria aguda después de la cirugía de cataratas fue del 0.102% (IC del 95%: 0.069-0.146). Treinta casos de endoftalmitis fueron identificados. El principal microorganismo fue Pseudomonas aeruginosa (45.4%). La agudeza visual final fue superior a 0.3 (LogMAR) en el 46.6% de los pacientes. Conclusión: La incidencia de endoftalmitis después de la cirugía de cataratas en este hospital está dentro del rango reportado a nivel mundial. Conocer la incidencia regional contribuye a decidir si son necesarias nuevas medidas de profilaxis.

Resultados del cálculo de la lente intraocular con fórmula Holladay 2 y Barret Universal 2 / Results of Intraocular Lens Calculation with Holladay 2 and Barret Universal 2 formula

Objetivo: Determinar los resultados refractivos con las fórmulas Holladay 2 y Barret Universal 2 a partir del cálculo de la lente intraocular en pacientes operados de catarata. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo y longitudinal con 60 ojos de 50 pacientes operados de catarata mediante la técnica de facoemulsificación. Se empleó para el cálculo de la lente el IOL Master 700 y el Pentacam AXL con la fórmula Holladay 2 y Barret Universal 2, respectivamente. Resultados: Predominó el sexo femenino y el grupo etario mayor de 60 años. Los ojos mayores de 26 mm mostraron la mayor diferencia entre el poder dióptrico de la lente intraocular que se implantó según Holladay y en menores de 22 mm según Barret Universal. Ambos grupos presentaron una disminución del equivalente esférico, siendo superior a 7 y 5 dioptrías en ojos mayores de 26 mm en el posoperatorio de ambas fórmulas. Posterior a la cirugía se observó una mejoría en la agudeza visual sin corrección y corregida de más de 4 líneas en la cartilla de Snellen, independiente de la longitud axial, para ambos grupos en estudio. Sin cambios significativos en el cilindro queratométrico. En el 70,0 por ciento de los casos, el resultado refractivo final estuvo en rango de la emetropía para el grupo Holladay 2 y el 66,7 por ciento para el grupo Barret Universal 2. Conclusiones: Ambas fórmulas resultan útiles para el cálculo de la lente intraocular en todos los rangos de longitud axial(AU)

Objective: To determine refractive outcomes with the Holladay 2 and Barret Universal 2 formulas from intraocular lens calculation in cataract surgery patients. Methods: A prospective and longitudinal descriptive study was performed with 60 eyes of 50 patients who underwent cataract surgery by phacoemulsification. The IOL Master 700 and Pentacam AXL with the Holladay 2 and Barret Universal 2 formula, respectively, were used to calculate the lens. Results: Female gender and age group older than 60 years predominated. Eyes larger than 26 mm showed the greatest difference between the dioptric power of the intraocular lens implanted according to Holladay and those smaller than 22 mm according to Barret Universal. Both groups presented a decrease of the spherical equivalent, being higher than 7 and 5 diopters in eyes larger than 26 mm postoperatively in both formulas. Postoperatively, there was an improvement in uncorrected and corrected visual acuity of more than 4 lines in the Snellen chart, independent of axial length, for both groups under study. No significant changes in keratometric cylinder. In 70.0 percent of the cases, the final refractive result was in the emmetropia range for the Holladay 2 group and 66.7 percent for the Barret Universal 2 group. Conclusions: Both formulas are useful for the calculation of the intraocular lens in all axial length ranges(AU)

Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display in cataract surgery and relation to final visual acuity / Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display na cirurgia de catarata e sua relação com a acuidade visual final

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze and describe the coefficients found on maximum Ambrósio Relational Thickness-Maximum (ART-Max) and Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display total deviation (BAD-D) in eyes with normal corneal topography subjected to cataract surgery with premium intraocular lens implantation and correlated these data with final visual acuity. Methods ART-Max and BAD-D data from 103 eyes of patients subjected to implantation of diffractive bifocal intraocular lens, with normal corneal topography who achieved visual acuity of 20/20 or 20/25 without correction after cataract surgery were analyzed. The groups with normal and abnormal values were compared using the chi-square test. Results Thirty-two (31.1%) and 71 (68.9%) eyes presented normal and abnormal ART-Max values, respectively. The difference between these groups was significant (p=0.0002). Fifty-five (53.4%) and 48 (46.6%) eyes had normal and abnormal BAD-D, respectively, and intergroup difference was not significant (p=0.9576). Conclusion Among patients with normal corneal topography who underwent premium intraocular and had good final visual acuity of 20/20 or 20/25, suspicious or abnormal indices of ART-Max and BAD-D were frequent, providing evidence that it possibly should not be a contraindication.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar e descrever os coeficientes numéricos encontrados nos exames Ambrósio Relational Thickness-Maximum (ART-Max) e desvio total do Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display (BAD-D) em olhos com topografia normal submetidos ao implante de lente intraocular premium na cirurgia de catarata, correlacionando-os com a acuidade visual final pós-operatória. Métodos Foram analisados os resultados de ART-Max e BAD-D de 103 olhos de pacientes submetidos ao implante de lentes bifocais difrativas, que apresentavam exame topográficos normal e alcançaram acuidade visual 20/20 ou 20/25 sem correção visual no pós-operatório final. Para a análise estatística entre os grupos normais e anormais ou suspeitos, utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado. Resultados Foram encontrados 32 (31,1%) olhos com ART-Max normal e 71 (68,9%) com ART-Max suspeito/anormal. A diferença entre os grupos foi significativa (p=0,0002). Quanto ao BAD-D, foram encontrados 55 (53,4%) olhos com resultados normais e 48 (46,6%) com resultados suspeitos/anormais. A diferença entre os grupos não foi significativa (p=0,9576). Conclusão Entre os pacientes com topografia normal submetidos ao implante de lentes premium e que alcançaram acuidade visual 20/20 ou 20/25, os índices suspeitos ou anormais de ART-Max e BAD-D eram frequentes, não se configurando em contraindicação para a realização do implante.

Alteração refracional após capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd: YAG / Change on refraction after Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar se há mudança refracional significativa após realização de capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG em olhos pseudofácicos. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com análise de prontuários de pacientes atendidos em um hospital com diagnóstico de opacificação de cápsula posterior do cristalino tratada com capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG no período de outubro de 2019 a março de 2021. A comparação entre a refração antes e após o procedimento foi realizada calculando-se o equivalente esférico. Também foi avaliada a mudança da acuidade visual, aferida por LogMAR. Resultados: Foram analisados 90 prontuários, totalizando 140 olhos, de pacientes submetidos à capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG. O equivalente esférico médio pré-procedimento foi de -0,07±0,89D, mínimo de -3,0D e máximo de +2,5D, mediana (intervalo interquartil) de 0,0D (-0,50D a +0,375D). A média pós-procedimento foi de -0,18±0,86D, mínimo de -3,5D e máximo de +2,25D, mediana (intervalo interquartil) de -0,125D (-0,50D a 0,0D). com p<0,0082. Dos 140 olhos, 66 sofreram miopização e 37 hipermetropização. A média de alteração do equivalente esférico geral foi de -0,12±0,51D, mínimo de -2,50D e máximo de +1,25D, mediana (intervalo interquartil) de 0,0D (-0,375D a +0,125D). Ao se comparar a diferença entre o equivalente esférico antes e após o procedimento do grupo de olhos que sofreu miopização (n=66) ou hipermetropização (n=37), separadamente, ambos obtiveram p<0,0001. Ao se compararem todos os olhos que sofreram alguma alteração refracional (n=103), foi encontrado p=0,008. A acuidade visual média pré-procedimento foi de 0,23±0,32, mínimo de 0,0 e máximo de 2,3. Pós-procedimento, a média foi de 0,06±0,13, mínimo de -0,12 e máximo de 0,7, com p<0,0001. Conclusão: A capsulotomia posterior com laser Nd:YAG gerou melhora significativa da acuidade visual nos pacientes do estudo, porém também gerou alteração refracional significativa após o procedimento, tanto para miopização (a mais frequente), quanto para hipermetropização.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify if there is a significant change on refraction after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy in pseudophakic eyes. Methods: A retrospective study with analysis of medical records of patients treated at a hospital, with diagnosis of opacification of posterior lens capsule treated with Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy, from October 2019 to March 2021. The comparison of refraction before and after the procedure was performed by calculating the spherical equivalent. Changes in visual acuity (VA), measured by LogMAR, were also evaluated. Results: A total of 90 medical records (140 eyes) of patients submitted to Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy were analysed. The mean pre-procedure spherical equivalent was -0.07±0.89D, minimum of -3.0D and maximum of +2.5D, median (interquartile range) of 0.0D (-0.50D to +0.375D). The post-procedure mean was -0.18±0.86D, minimum of -3.5D and maximum of +2.25D, median (interquartile range) of -0.125D (-0.50D to 0.0D), with p <0.0082. Of the 140 eyes, 66 underwent myopia and 37 hyperopia, the mean change in the general spherical equivalent was -0.12±0.51D, minimum -2.50D and maximum +1.25D, median (interquartile range) of 0.0D (-0.375D to +0.125D). When comparing the difference between the spherical equivalent before and after the procedure of the group of eyes that underwent myopia (n=66) or hyperopia (n=37), separately, both obtained p<0.0001. When comparing all eyes that suffered any change on refraction (n=103), the p value was 0.008. The mean pre-procedure visual acuity was 0.23±0.32, minimum of 0.0 and maximum of 2.3. After the procedure, the mean was 0.06±0.13, minimum of -0.12 and maximum of 0.7, p<0.0001. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy significantly improved visual acuity of patients in this study; however, it also led to a significant change on refraction after the procedure, both for myopization, which was more frequent, and for hyperopization.

Postoperative anterior uveitis in a patient submitted to combined treatment with cataract surgery and iStent inject®. How to manage? / Uveíte anterior no pós-operatório de facectomia combinada com implante de iStent inject®. Como manejar?

ABSTRACT Minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries are surgical treatment alternatives for glaucoma aimed at reducing intraocular pressure with a better safety profile compared to traditional trabeculectomy. However, in spite of less invasive techniques, complications may develop in any surgical procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of anterior uveitis following combined treatment with cataract surgery and iStent inject® which addresses the management of postoperative inflammation.

RESUMO As cirurgias minimamente invasivas para glaucoma consistem em uma opção de tratamento cirúrgico para glaucoma, a qual promove redução da pressão intraocular com melhor perfil de segurança do que a trabeculectomia. Todavia, complicações são inerentes à realização de procedimentos cirúrgicos, apesar do uso de técnicas menos invasivas. Este é o primeiro relato que apresenta um caso de uveíte anterior após cirurgia combinada de catarata e iStent inject®, além de orientações quanto ao manejo do quadro inflamatório.