Intoxicación aguda por leche de marihuana / Acute marijuana milk poisoning

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Pathological changes in rats with acute Dysosma versipellis poisoning / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the pathological changes of major organs in rats with acute Dysosma versipellis poisoning and investigate the toxic mechanism and the injuries of target tissues and organs.@*METHODS@#Forty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups, which were given the gavage with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 LDo doses of Dysosma versipellis decoction, and one control group, which was given the gavage with 1.0 LD0 dose of normal saline. The rats were sacrificed 14 days after Dysosma versipellis poisoning and samples including brain, heart, liver, lung, and kidney were taken. After pathological process, the pathological changes of the major organs and tissues were observed by light microscope and electron microscope. The experimental data were statistical analyzed by chi2 test.@*RESULTS@#The observations of light microscopy: loose cytoplasm of neurons with loss of most Nissl bodies; swelling of myocardial cells with disappearance of intercalated disk and striations; hepatocellular edema with ballooning degeneration; and swelling epithelial cells of renal proximal convoluted tubule with red light coloring protein-like substances in the tube. The observations of electron microscopy: the structures of cell membrane and nuclear membrane of neurons were destroyed; cytoplasm of neurons, obvious edema; and most organelles, destroyed and disappeared. The mortalities of rats after acute poisoning of the four groups increased with doses (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acute Dysosma versipellis poisoning can cause multi-organ pathological changes. There is a positive correlation between the toxic effect and the dosage. The target tissues and organs are brain (neurons), heart, liver and kidney.

Is monofluoracetic acid the active neurotoxic principle in Palicourea marcgravii (St. Hill) leaves?

Acute intoxication of rats with the crude extract of Palicourea marcgravii (PM) and with monofluoraccetic acid (MFA) solutions was comapred since it has been reported that PM leaves contain monofluoreacetates (455 microng/g air-dried material). The neurotoxic signs produce by oral administration of PM and MFA were similar and included tonic-clonic seixures. The dose-reponse curves onstructed for the convulsant effects of PM and MFA were parallel and the CD50s were 630 mg/Kg (508-781) and 0.90 mg/Kg (0.76-1.06), respectively. These data suggest that the neurotixic signs produced by PM are the consequence of MFA presente in the plant leaves