RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Artemisia capillaris is among the most abundantly used traditional medicines, utilized in East Asia to treat diverse illnesses, including gastrointestinal tract diseases. We previously reported that an aqueous extract of A. capillaris (AEAC) inhibited gastric inflammation induced by HCl/ethanol via reactive oxygen species scavenging and NF-κB downregulation. To date, the pharmacological potential of AEAC for promoting mucosal integrity has not been studied. RESULTS: Here, we report that a single treatment with AEAC increased mucus production, and repeated administration of AEAC abolished HCl/ethanol-induced mucosal injury in vivo. Single- and multiple-dose AEAC treatments measurably increased the expression of mucosal stabilizing factors in vivo, including mucin (MUC) 5 AC, MUC6, and trefoil factor (TFF) 1 and TFF2 (but not TFF3). AEAC also induced mucosal stabilizing factors in both SNU-601 cells and RGM cells through phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results suggest that AEAC protects against HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis by upregulating MUCs and TFFs and stabilizing the mucosal epithelium. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assuntos
Artemisia/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Gastropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Mucosa Gástrica/imunologia , Mucosa Gástrica/lesões , Humanos , Masculino , Mucinas/genética , Mucinas/imunologia , NF-kappa B/genética , NF-kappa B/imunologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Gastropatias/genética , Gastropatias/imunologia , Fator Trefoil-1/genética , Fator Trefoil-1/imunologiaRESUMO
Human airway is generally destructed by inhaled factors and is the barrier to the external environment and has a crucial role in protection of the internal homeostasis of the lung. Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare that capable of producing severe chemical injuries primarily in the lungs. Trefoil factor family (TFFs) plays major roles in epithelial repair and homeostasis, particularly in the lung. This study attempted to verify the role of TFFs in airway that induced by sulfur mustard. Fifteen patients exposed to SM and 10 non-exposed subjects were enrolled in this study. Bronchoscopy was carried out and endobronchial biopsy specimens were taken. The TFFs gene expressions were evaluated by RT-PCR. The results revealed that the TFF1 was overexpressed in exposed subjects in comparison to non-exposed subjects. In conclusion, TFF1 displays a distinct protein expression pattern in the developing of airway remodeling due to SM inhalation and plays an important role in maintaining the airway epithelium function.
