RESUMO
Melanonychia is the change in the coloration of the nail plate resulting from the deposition of melanin. Among its causes are melanocytic hyperplasia, melanocytic activation and nail melanoma. Subungual follicular inclusions are histological findings of unknown etiology, possibly related to trauma. We present three cases of melanonychia of different etiologies with subungual follicular inclusions, an association that has not been well described and with an indefinite pathogenesis.
Assuntos
Folículo Piloso/patologia , Melanose/patologia , Doenças da Unha/patologia , Adulto , Dermoscopia , Folículo Piloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Melanose/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Unha/diagnóstico por imagem , Unhas/patologia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Abstract Melanonychia is the change in the coloration of the nail plate resulting from the deposition of melanin. Among its causes are melanocytic hyperplasia, melanocytic activation and nail melanoma. Subungual follicular inclusions are histological findings of unknown etiology, possibly related to trauma. We present three cases of melanonychia of different etiologies with subungual follicular inclusions, an association that has not been well described and with an indefinite pathogenesis.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Folículo Piloso/patologia , Melanose/patologia , Doenças da Unha/patologia , Ultrassonografia , Folículo Piloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermoscopia , Melanose/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças da Unha/diagnóstico por imagem , Unhas/patologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To test the capability of 70-MHz ultrasound for detecting initial ultrasound signs of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) linked to severity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of the ultrasound images of patients with HS was conducted and compared with a healthy control group. Detection and identification of early subclinical ultrasound signs in the lesional and perilesional areas of the HS cases in comparison with the control group were performed. Statistical analyses included mean, dispersion measures, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and bivariate and multivariate ordered logistic regression studies. Significance was assessed at P < .05. RESULTS: A total of 139 patients with HS met the criteria and showed abnormalities of the hair follicles such as a curved shape, ballooning, and protrusion into pseudocysts, collections, or tunnels (donor of keratin sign). Significant increases in the sizes of the hair follicles and hair shafts were found in HS cases. The following ultrasound signs were significantly linked to severity: a connecting band between the base of adjacent hair follicles (bridge sign), a fragment of the hair shaft extruding through a dilated hair follicle (sword sign), and retained cylindrical fragments of keratin in the dermis. Two patterns of fragmentation of the keratin were detected: multifragment and cylindrical. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound can detect early HS signs that are significantly linked to severity and 2 types of fragmentation of the keratin, which could support the generation and perpetuation of the fluid collections and tunnels. These ultrasound signs can help prompt diagnosis and management, the development and testing of medications, and the measure of treatment outcomes in HS.
Assuntos
Hidradenite Supurativa/diagnóstico por imagem , Queratinas/metabolismo , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Folículo Piloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Folículo Piloso/metabolismo , Folículo Piloso/fisiopatologia , Hidradenite Supurativa/metabolismo , Hidradenite Supurativa/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Dissecting cellulitis is an inflammatory, chronic, and recurrent disease of the hair follicles that mainly affects young Afro-descendent men. Trichoscopy is a method of great diagnostic value for disorders of the scalp. Clinical and trichoscopic findings of dissecting cellulitis are heterogeneous and may present features common to non-cicatricial and scarring alopecia. This article presents the trichoscopic findings of dissecting cellulitis that help in the diagnosis and consequent institution of the appropriate therapy and better prognosis of the disease.
Assuntos
Celulite (Flegmão)/diagnóstico por imagem , Celulite (Flegmão)/patologia , Dermoscopia/métodos , Folículo Piloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Folículo Piloso/patologia , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatoses do Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Dermatopatias Genéticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatopatias Genéticas/patologia , Eritema/diagnóstico por imagem , Eritema/patologia , Cabelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Cabelo/patologia , HumanosRESUMO
Abstract Dissecting cellulitis is an inflammatory, chronic, and recurrent disease of the hair follicles that mainly affects young Afro-descendent men. Trichoscopy is a method of great diagnostic value for disorders of the scalp. Clinical and trichoscopic findings of dissecting cellulitis are heterogeneous and may present features common to non-cicatricial and scarring alopecia. This article presents the trichoscopic findings of dissecting cellulitis that help in the diagnosis and consequent institution of the appropriate therapy and better prognosis of the disease.